目前，被广泛使用的经典边缘检测算子有Sobel算子，Prewitt算子，Roberts算子，Log算子，Canny算子等等。这些算子的核心思想是图像的边缘点是相对应于图像灰度值梯度的局部极大值点。然而，当图像中含有噪声时这些算子对噪声都比较敏感，使得将噪声作为边缘点。由于噪声的干扰，不能检测出真正的边缘。一个拥有良好属性的的边缘检测算法是每个研究者的追求。利用小波交换的特点，设计了三次B样条平滑滤波算子。通过利用这个算子，对利用小波变换来检测图像的边缘进行了一定的研究和理解。
上传时间： 2013-10-13
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为了克服传统功率MOS 导通电阻与击穿电压之间的矛盾,提出了一种新的理想器件结构,称为超级结器件或Cool2MOS ,CoolMOS 由一系列的P 型和N 型半导体薄层交替排列组成。在截止态时,由于p 型和n 型层中的耗尽区电场产生相互补偿效应,使p 型和n 型层的掺杂浓度可以做的很高而不会引起器件击穿电压的下降。导通时,这种高浓度的掺杂使器件的导通电阻明显降低。由于CoolMOS 的这种独特器件结构,使它的电性能优于传统功率MOS。本文对CoolMOS 导通电阻与击穿电压关系的理论计算表明,对CoolMOS 横向器件: Ron ·A = C ·V 2B ,对纵向器件: Ron ·A = C ·V B ,与纵向DMOS 导通电阻与击穿电压之间Ron ·A = C ·V 2. 5B 的关系相比,CoolMOS 的导通电阻降低了约两个数量级。
上传时间： 2013-10-21
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定点乘法器设计(中文) 运算符： + 对其两边的数据作加法操作; A + B - 从左边的数据中减去右边的数据; A - B - 对跟在其后的数据作取补操作，即用0减去跟在其后的数据; - B * 对其两边的数据作乘法操作; A * B & 对其两边的数据按位作与操作; A & B # 对其两边的数据按位作或操作; A # B @ 对其两边的数据按位作异或操作; A @ B ~ 对跟在其后的数据作按位取反操作; ~ B << 以右边的数据为移位量将左边的数据左移; A << B $ 将其两边的数据按从左至右顺序拼接; A $ B
上传时间： 2013-12-17
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Portable, battery-powered operation of electronic apparatushas become increasingly desirable. Medical, remotedata acquisition, power monitoring and other applicationsare good candidates for battery operation. In some circumstances,due to space, power or reliability considerations,it is preferable to operate the circuitry from a single 1.5Vcell. Unfortunately, a 1.5V supply eliminates almost alllinear ICs as design candidates. In fact, the LM10 opamp-reference and the LT®1017/LT1018 comparators arethe only IC gain blocks fully specifi ed for 1.5V operation.Further complications are presented by the 600mV dropof silicon transistors and diodes. This limitation consumesa substantial portion of available supply range, makingcircuit design diffi cult. Additionally, any circuit designedfor 1.5V operation must function at end-of-life batteryvoltage, typically 1.3V. (See Box Section, “Componentsfor 1.5V Operation.”)
标签： Circuitry Operation Single 1017
上传时间： 2013-12-20
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ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
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第一章 基 础 知 识由电阻、电容、电感等集中参数元件组成的电路称为集中电路。1.1 电路与电路模型1.2 电路分析的基本变量1.3 电阻元件和独立电源元件1.4 基尔霍夫定律1.5 受 控 源1.6 两类约束和KCL，KVL方程的独立性1.1 电路与电路模型1.电路2.电路的形式与功能 电路的功能基本上可以分成两大类。一类是用来实现电能的转换、传输和分配。电路的另一类功能则是在信息网络中，用来传递、储存、加工和处理各种电信号。 图1-2所示的是通信网的基本组成框图。通常把输入电路的信号称为激励，而把经过电路传输或处理后的信号称为响应。 3.电路模型与集中电路 构成电路的设备和器件统称为电路部件，常用的电路部件有电池、发电机、信号发生器、电阻器、电容器、电感线圈、变压器、晶体管及集成电路等。 基本的电路参数有3个，即电阻、电容和电感。 基本的集中参数元件有电阻元件、电感元件和电容元件，分别用图1-3(a)，(b)和(c)来表示。
上传时间： 2013-10-20
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高速数字系统设计下载pdf:High-Speed Digital SystemDesign—A Handbook ofInterconnect Theory and DesignPracticesStephen H. HallGarrett W. HallJames A. McCallA Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.New York • Chichester • Weinheim • Brisbane • Singapore • TorontoCopyright © 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.speeddigital systems at the platform level. The book walks the reader through everyrequired concept, from basic transmission line theory to digital timing analysis, high-speedmeasurement techniques, as well as many other topics. In doing so, a unique balancebetween theory and practical applications is achieved that will allow the reader not only tounderstand the nature of the problem, but also provide practical guidance to the solution.The level of theoretical understanding is such that the reader will be equipped to see beyondthe immediate practical application and solve problems not contained within these pages.Much of the information in this book has not been needed in past digital designs but isabsolutely necessary today. Most of the information covered here is not covered in standardcollege curricula, at least not in its focus on digital design, which is arguably one of the mostsignificant industries in electrical engineering.The focus of this book is on the design of robust high-volume, high-speed digital productssuch as computer systems, with particular attention paid to computer busses. However, thetheory presented is applicable to any high-speed digital system. All of the techniquescovered in this book have been applied in industry to actual digital products that have beensuccessfully produced and sold in high volume.Practicing engineers and graduate and undergraduate students who have completed basicelectromagnetic or microwave design classes are equipped to fully comprehend the theorypresented in this book. At a practical level, however, basic circuit theory is all thebackground required to apply the formulas in this book.
上传时间： 2013-10-26
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三极管代换手册下载 前言 使用说明 三极管对照表 A B C D E F G H K L M …… 外形与管脚排列图
上传时间： 2013-10-24
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在高速数字电路飞速发展的今天，信号的频率不断提高, 信号完整性设计在P C B设计中显得日益重要。其中由于传输线效应所引起的信号反射问题是信号完整性的一个重要方面。本文研究分析了高速PCB 设计中的反射问题的产生原因，并利用HyperLynx 软件进行了仿真，最后提出了相应的解决方法。
上传时间： 2013-10-16
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具有OBFL功能的电路板经配置后，可以把故障相关数据存储在非易失性存储器中，并可在日后加以检索和显示以用于故障分析。这些故障记录有助于电路板故障的事后检查。要实现OBFL系统功能，需要同时使用软硬件。在硬件方面，需要：a)确定给出电路板件故障信息的板载OBFL资源(如温度感应器、存储器、中断资源、电路板ID，等等)；b)在电路板或者系统出现故障时用以保存故障信息的板载非易失性存储。OBFL软件的作用是在正常的电路板运行以及电路板故障期间配置电路板变量并将其作为OBFL记录存储在非易失性存储中。OBFL软件还应具备一定的智能，能够分析多项出错事件、记录和历史故障记录，以逐步缩小范围的方式确认故障原因。这种分析可以大大减轻故障排查工作，否则将有大量的OBFL记录需要故障分析工程师手动核查。
上传时间： 2013-11-03
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