The planarization technology of Chemical-Mechanical-Polishing (CMP), used for the manufacturing of multi- level metal interconnects for high-density Integrated Circuits (IC), is Also readily adaptable as an enabling technology in MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication, particularly polysilicon surface micromachining. CMP not only eases the design and manufacturability of MEMS devices by eliminating several photolithographic and film issues generated by severe topography, but Also enables far greater flexibility with process complexity and associated designs. T
标签： mechanical polishing Chemical
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The mature CMOS fabrication processes are available in many IC foundries. It is cost-effective to leverage the existing CMOS fabrication technologies to implement MEMS devices. On the other hand, the MEMS devices could Also add values to the IC industry as the Moore’s law reaching its limit. The CMOS MEMS could play a key role to bridge the gap between the CMOS and MEMS technologies. The CMOS MEMS Also offers the advantage of monolithic integration of ICs and micro mechanical components.
标签： TECHNOLOGY CMOS MEMS KEY
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Over many years, RF-MEMS have been a hot topic in research at the technology and device level. In particular, various kinds of mechanical Si-MEMS resonators and piezoelectric BAW (bulk acoustic wave) resonators have been developed. The BAW technology has made its way to commercial products for passive RF filters, in particular for duplexers in RF transceiver front ends for cellular communica- tions. Beyond their use in filters, micromachined resonators can Also be used in conjunction with active devices in innovative circuits and architectures.
标签： MEMS-based Circuits Systems and
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The Raspberry Pi has become a computing phenomenon. This single-board miniature computer, first released in February 2012 by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, has grown into a series of nearly a dozen models that have sold a total of more than 10 million units in five years. Inexpensive to buy and to run, Raspberry Pi computers are great for enthusiasts, good for games, and fun for children. Raspberry Pi computers are Also terrific in the classroom, enabling you to put on each desk an easily-manageable computer on which students can do everything from learning Internet use and essential office software skills, through grasping programming basics in an easy-to-learn format, to performing full-on programming in Python, Java, C, and other languages. Better yet, you can install all the software needed for those activities automatically alongside the operating system.
标签： Deploying Classroom Raspberry the Pi in
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Since the 1990s the EU has been pursuing climate change mitigation targets. Following the international commitment to the legally binding greenhouse gas reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, the 2020 policy package consists of a set of binding legislation to ensure that the EU meets its climate and energy targets for the year 2020. The package sets three key targets: 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels), 20% of EU energy from renewables (as well as a 10% target for renewable fuels) and 20% improvement in energy efficiency. The targets were set by EU leaders in 2007 and enacted in legislation in 2009 3 . They are Also headline targets of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth.
标签： Preparatory Ecodesign Study
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Over the past few decades there has been an exponential growth in service robots and smart home technologies, which has led to the development of exciting new products in our daily lives. Service robots can be used to provide domestic aid for the elderly and disabled, serving various functions ranging from cleaning to enter- tainment. Service robots are divided by functions, such as personal robots, field robots, security robots, healthcare robots, medical robots, rehabilitation robots and entertainment robots. A smart home appears “intelligent” because its embedded computers can monitor so many aspects of the daily lives of householders. For example, the refrigerator may be able to monitor its contents, suggest healthy alter- natives and order groceries. Also, the smart home system may be able to clean the house and water the plants.
标签： Robotics Service Digital within Home the
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This is a practical book, to be sure, but it is Also a book about hope and posi- tive change. I am quite sincere. The delivery of electricity is deeply rooted in the principle of universal access; when clean, reliable energy is available it contributes to poverty alleviation, improved social conditions, and enhanced economic development. In the developed world, we know this to be true. The digital fabric of our lives is a testimony to the importance of energy security. Across the globe, we have seen the vital contributions that electrification has brought to the development of economies and an enhanced quality of life. Nonetheless, this supreme engineering achievement has languished, and we are deeply challenged.
标签： Strategies Analytics Data Big
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The solid high-polymer-film-type fuel cell (PEM-FC) system is used as the power supply equipment for transportation and replaces an internal combustion engine. A reduction of the environmental load is expected through the cogeneration system’s (CGS) use of the PEM-FC system as a distributed power supply to individual houses, apartments, and so forth [1–3]. The growing use of distributed power systems, such as fuel cells, the reduction of power-transmission losses, and an increase of waste heat recovery are expected. Therefore, the reduction of carbon- dioxide emission is Also expected as compared to conventional energy supply methods using commercial electric power.
标签： Micro-grids Fuel Cell
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GaN is an already well implanted semiconductor technology, widely diffused in the LED optoelectronics industry. For about 10 years, GaN devices have Also been developed for RF wireless applications where they can replace Silicon transistors in some selected systems. That incursion in the RF field has open the door to the power switching capability in the lower frequency range and thus to the power electronic applications. Compared to Silicon, GaN exhibits largely better figures for most of the key specifications: Electric field, energy gap, electron mobility and melting point. Intrinsically, GaN could offer better performance than Silicon in terms of: breakdown voltage, switching frequency and Overall systems efficiency.
标签： GaN-on-Si Displace and SiC Si
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The first edition as well as its forerunner of Kuffel and Abdullah published in 1970 and their translations into Japanese and Chinese languages have enjoyed wide international acceptance as basic textbooks in teaching senior under- graduate and postgraduate courses in High-Voltage Engineering. Both texts have Also been extensively used by practising engineers engaged in the design and operation of high-voltage equipment. Over the years the authors have received numerous comments from the text’s users with helpful suggestions for improvements. These have been incorporated in the present edition. Major revisions and expansion of several chapters have been made to update the continued progress and developments in high-voltage engineering over the past two decades.
标签： Engineering Voltage High
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