电路连接 由于数码管品种多样,还有共阴共阳的,下面我们使用一个数码管段码生成器(在文章结尾) 去解决不同数码管的问题: 本例作者利用手头现有的一位不知品牌的共阳数码管:型号D5611 A/B,在Eagle 找了一个 类似的型号SA56-11,引脚功能一样可以直接代换。所以下面电路图使用SA56-11 做引脚说明。 注意: 1. 将数码管的a~g 段,分别接到Arduino 的D0~D6 上面。如果你手上的数码管未知的话,可以通过通电测量它哪个引脚对应哪个字段,然后找出a~g 即可。 2. 分清共阴还是共阳。共阴的话,接220Ω电阻到电源负极;共阳的话,接220Ω电阻到电源+5v。 3. 220Ω电阻视数码管实际工作亮度与手头现有原件而定,不一定需要准确。 4. 按下按钮即停。 源代码 由于我是按照段码生成器默认接法接的,所以不用修改段码生成器了,直接在段码生成器选择共阳极,再按“自动”生成数组就搞定。 下面是源代码,由于偷懒不用写循环,使用了部分AVR 语句。 PORTD 这个是AVR 的端口输出控制语句,8 位对应D7~D0,PORTD=00001001 就是D3 和D0 是高电平。 PORTD = a;就是找出相应的段码输出到D7~D0。 DDRD 这个是AVR 语句中控制引脚作为输出/输入的语句。DDRD = 0xFF;就是D0~D7 全部 作为输出脚了。 ARDUINO CODECOPY /* Arduino 单数码管骰子 Ansifa 2011-12-28 */ //定义段码表,表中十个元素由LED 段码生成器生成,选择了共阳极。 inta[10] = {0xC0, 0xF9, 0xA4, 0xB0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xF8, 0x80, 0x90}; voidsetup() { DDRD = 0xFF; //AVR 定义PortD 的低七位全部用作输出使用。即0xFF=B11111111对 应D7~D0 pinMode(12, INPUT); //D12用来做骰子暂停的开关 } voidloop() { for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { //将段码输出PortD 的低7位,即Arduino 的引脚D0~D6,这样需要取出PORTD 最高位,即 D7的状态,与段码相加,之后再输出。 PORTD = a[i]; delay(50); //延时50ms while(digitalRead(12)) {} //如果D12引脚高电平,则在此死循环,暂停LED 跑 动 } }
上传时间: 2013-10-15
上传用户:baitouyu
计算方法: 1) A值(相位)的计算:根据设置的相位值D(单位为度,0度-360度可设置),由公式A=D/360,得出A值,按四舍五入的方法得出相位A的最终值; 2) B偏移量值的计算:按B=512*(1/2VPP-VDC+20)/5; 3) C峰峰值的计算:按C=VPP/20V*4095;
上传时间: 2013-11-18
上传用户:xdqm
目前,被广泛使用的经典边缘检测算子有Sobel算子,Prewitt算子,Roberts算子,Log算子,Canny算子等等。这些算子的核心思想是图像的边缘点是相对应于图像灰度值梯度的局部极大值点。然而,当图像中含有噪声时这些算子对噪声都比较敏感,使得将噪声作为边缘点。由于噪声的干扰,不能检测出真正的边缘。一个拥有良好属性的的边缘检测算法是每个研究者的追求。利用小波交换的特点,设计了三次B样条平滑滤波算子。通过利用这个算子,对利用小波变换来检测图像的边缘进行了一定的研究和理解。
上传时间: 2013-10-13
上传用户:kqc13037348641
The MAX17600–MAX17605 devices are high-speedMOSFET drivers capable of sinking /sourcing 4A peakcurrents. The devices have various inverting and noninvertingpart options that provide greater flexibility incontrolling the MOSFET. The devices have internal logiccircuitry that prevents shoot-through during output-statchanges. The logic inputs are protected against voltagespikes up to +14V, regardless of VDD voltage. Propagationdelay time is minimized and matched between the dualchannels. The devices have very fast switching time,combined with short propagation delays (12ns typ),making them ideal for high-frequency circuits. Thedevices operate from a +4V to +14V single powersupply and typically consume 1mA of supply current.The MAX17600/MAX17601 have standard TTLinput logic levels, while the MAX17603 /MAX17604/MAX17605 have CMOS-like high-noise margin (HNM)input logic levels. The MAX17600/MAX17603 are dualinverting input drivers, the MAX17601/MAX17604 aredual noninverting input drivers, and the MAX17602 /MAX17605 devices have one noninverting and oneinverting input. These devices are provided with enablepins (ENA, ENB) for better control of driver operation.
上传时间: 2013-12-20
上传用户:zhangxin
为了克服传统功率MOS 导通电阻与击穿电压之间的矛盾,提出了一种新的理想器件结构,称为超级结器件或Cool2MOS ,CoolMOS 由一系列的P 型和N 型半导体薄层交替排列组成。在截止态时,由于p 型和n 型层中的耗尽区电场产生相互补偿效应,使p 型和n 型层的掺杂浓度可以做的很高而不会引起器件击穿电压的下降。导通时,这种高浓度的掺杂使器件的导通电阻明显降低。由于CoolMOS 的这种独特器件结构,使它的电性能优于传统功率MOS。本文对CoolMOS 导通电阻与击穿电压关系的理论计算表明,对CoolMOS 横向器件: Ron ·A = C ·V 2B ,对纵向器件: Ron ·A = C ·V B ,与纵向DMOS 导通电阻与击穿电压之间Ron ·A = C ·V 2. 5B 的关系相比,CoolMOS 的导通电阻降低了约两个数量级。
上传时间: 2013-10-21
上传用户:1427796291
Abstract: This application note presents an overview of the operational characteristics of accurate I²C real-time clocks (RTCs),including the DS3231, DS3231M, and DS3232. It focuses on general application guidelines that facilitate use of device resources forpower management, I²C communication circuit configurations, and I²C characteristics relative to device power-up sequences andinitializations. Additional discussions on decoupling are provided to support developing strategies for mitigating power-supply pushingof device frequency.
上传时间: 2013-11-23
上传用户:WMC_geophy
定点乘法器设计(中文) 运算符: + 对其两边的数据作加法操作; A + B - 从左边的数据中减去右边的数据; A - B - 对跟在其后的数据作取补操作,即用0减去跟在其后的数据; - B * 对其两边的数据作乘法操作; A * B & 对其两边的数据按位作与操作; A & B # 对其两边的数据按位作或操作; A # B @ 对其两边的数据按位作异或操作; A @ B ~ 对跟在其后的数据作按位取反操作; ~ B << 以右边的数据为移位量将左边的数据左移; A << B $ 将其两边的数据按从左至右顺序拼接; A $ B
上传时间: 2013-12-17
上传用户:trepb001
Control systems are becoming increasingly dependent on digital processing and so require sensors able to provide direct digital inputs. Sensors based on time measurement, having outputs based on a frequency or phase, have an advantage over conventional analogue sensors in that their outputs can be measured directly in digital systems by pulse counting.
上传时间: 2013-10-08
上传用户:wuyuying
ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
上传时间: 2013-11-12
上传用户:pans0ul
第一章 基 础 知 识由电阻、电容、电感等集中参数元件组成的电路称为集中电路。1.1 电路与电路模型1.2 电路分析的基本变量1.3 电阻元件和独立电源元件1.4 基尔霍夫定律1.5 受 控 源1.6 两类约束和KCL,KVL方程的独立性1.1 电路与电路模型1.电路2.电路的形式与功能 电路的功能基本上可以分成两大类。一类是用来实现电能的转换、传输和分配。电路的另一类功能则是在信息网络中,用来传递、储存、加工和处理各种电信号。 图1-2所示的是通信网的基本组成框图。通常把输入电路的信号称为激励,而把经过电路传输或处理后的信号称为响应。 3.电路模型与集中电路 构成电路的设备和器件统称为电路部件,常用的电路部件有电池、发电机、信号发生器、电阻器、电容器、电感线圈、变压器、晶体管及集成电路等。 基本的电路参数有3个,即电阻、电容和电感。 基本的集中参数元件有电阻元件、电感元件和电容元件,分别用图1-3(a),(b)和(c)来表示。
上传时间: 2013-10-20
上传用户:1966649934