存储器技术.doc 计算机的主存储器（Main Memory），又称为内部存储器，简称为内存。内存实质上是一组或多组具备数据输入输出和数据存储功能的集成电路。内存的主要作用是用来存放计算机系统执行时所需要的数据，存放各种输入、输出数据和中间计算结果，以及与外部存储器交换信息时作为缓冲用。由于CPU只能直接处理内存中的数据 ，所以内存是计算机系统中不可缺少的部件。内存的品质直接关系到计算机系统的速度、稳定性和兼容性。 4.1 存储器类型计算机内部存储器有两种类型，一种称为只读存储器ROM（Read Only Memiry），另一种称为随机存储器RAM（Random Access Memiry）。 4.1.1 只读存储器只读存储器ROM主要用于存放计算机固化的控制程序，如主板的BIOS程序、显卡BIOS控制程序、硬盘控制程序等。ROM的典型特点是：一旦将数据写入ROM中后，即使在断电的情况下也能够永久的保存数据。从使用上讲，一般用户能从ROM中读取数据，而不能改写其中的数据。但现在为了做一日和尚撞一天钟于软件或硬件程序升级，普通用户使用所谓的闪存（Flash Memiry）也可以有条件地改变ROM中的数据。有关只读存储器ROM的内容将在第11章中介绍，本章主要介绍随机存储器。4.1.2 随机存取存储器随机存取存储器RAM的最大特点是计算机可以随时改变RAM中的数据，并且一旦断电，TAM中数据就会立即丢失，也就是说，RAM中的数据在断电后是不能保留的。从用于制造随机存取存储器的材料上看，RAM又可分为静态随机存储器SRAM（Static RAM）和动态随机存储器DRAM（Dymamic RAM）两种。1. 动态随机存储器在DRAM中数据是以电荷的形式存储在电容上的，充电后电容上的电压被认为是逻辑上的“1”，而放电后的电容上的电压被认为是逻辑上的“0”认。为了减少存储器的引脚数，就反存储器芯片的每个基本单元按行、列矩阵形式连接起来，使每个存储单元位于行、列的交叉点。这样每个存储单元的地址做一日和尚撞一天钟可以用位数较少的行地址和列地址两个部分表示，在对每个单元进行读写操作时，就可以采用分行、列寻址方式写入或读出相应的数据，如图4－1所示。 由于电容充电后，电容会缓慢放电，电容 上的电荷会逐渐
标签： 存储器
上传时间： 2014-01-10
上传用户：18752787361
This application note covers the design considerations of a system using the performance features of the LogiCORE™ IP Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) Interconnect core. The design focuses on high system throughput through the AXI Interconnect core with F MAX and area optimizations in certain portions of the design. The design uses five AXI video direct memory access (VDMA) engines to simultaneously move 10 streams (five transmit video streams and five receive video streams), each in 1920 x 1080p format, 60 Hz refresh rate, and up to 32 data bits per pixel. Each VDMA is driven from a video test pattern generator (TPG) with a video timing controller (VTC) block to set up the necessary video timing signals. Data read by each AXI VDMA is sent to a common on-screen display (OSD) core capable of multiplexing or overlaying multiple video streams to a single output video stream. The output of the OSD core drives the DVI video display interface on the board. Performance monitor blocks are added to capture performance data. All 10 video streams moved by the AXI VDMA blocks are buffered through a shared DDR3 SDRAM memory and are controlled by a MicroBlaze™ processor. The reference system is targeted for the Virtex-6 XC6VLX240TFF1156-1 FPGA on the Xilinx® ML605 Rev D evaluation board
上传时间： 2013-11-14
上传用户：fdmpy
本文主要通过介绍PLC通讯的意义和三菱FX系列PLC的四种通讯方式，并重点介绍FX系列PLC与计算机无协议通讯，主要从无协议通讯的硬件、配线、数据寄存器设置、PLC与计算机无协议通讯的指令用法、PLC程序编写和计算机VB程序的编写来说明无协议通讯的过程和一般方法。 My dissertation introduces the significance of PLC communications and the four means of communication of Mitsubishi FX’s PLC, And highlights the no protocol communications of FX series PLC and computer, no protocol communications hardware, wiring, Register data set, and the usage of command about no protocol communications, How to write PLC program and computer VB program to illustrate the process of no protocol communications and general method.
上传时间： 2014-11-29
上传用户：Jerry_Chow
针对UHF读写器设计中，在符合EPC Gen2标准的情况下，对标签返回的高速数据进行正确解码以达到正确读取标签的要求，提出了一种新的在ARM平台下采用边沿捕获统计定时器数判断数据的方法，并对FM0编码进行解码。与传统的使用定时器定时采样高低电平的FM0解码方法相比，该解码方法可以减少定时器定时误差累积的影响；可以将捕获定时器数中断与数据判断解码相对分隔开，使得中断对解码影响很小，实现捕获与解码的同步。通过实验表明，这种方法提高了解码的效率，在160 Kb/s的接收速度下，读取一张标签的时间约为30次/s。 Abstract: Aiming at the requirement of receiving correctly decoded data from the tag under high-speed communication which complied with EPC Gen2 standard in the design of UHF interrogator， the article introduced a new technology for FM0 decoding which counted the timer counter to judge data by using the edge interval of signal capture based on the ARM7 platform. Compared with the traditional FM0 decoding method which used the timer timed to sample the high and low level， the method could reduce the accumulation of timing error and could relatively separate capture timer interrupt and the data judgment for decoding， so that the disruption effect on the decoding was small and realizd synchronization of capture and decoding. Testing result shows that the method improves the efficiency of decoding， at 160 Kb/s receiving speed， the time of the interrogator to read a tag is about 30 times/s.
上传时间： 2013-11-10
上传用户：liufei
This application note covers the design considerations of a system using the performance features of the LogiCORE™ IP Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) Interconnect core. The design focuses on high system throughput through the AXI Interconnect core with F MAX and area optimizations in certain portions of the design. The design uses five AXI video direct memory access (VDMA) engines to simultaneously move 10 streams (five transmit video streams and five receive video streams), each in 1920 x 1080p format, 60 Hz refresh rate, and up to 32 data bits per pixel. Each VDMA is driven from a video test pattern generator (TPG) with a video timing controller (VTC) block to set up the necessary video timing signals. Data read by each AXI VDMA is sent to a common on-screen display (OSD) core capable of multiplexing or overlaying multiple video streams to a single output video stream. The output of the OSD core drives the DVI video display interface on the board. Performance monitor blocks are added to capture performance data. All 10 video streams moved by the AXI VDMA blocks are buffered through a shared DDR3 SDRAM memory and are controlled by a MicroBlaze™ processor. The reference system is targeted for the Virtex-6 XC6VLX240TFF1156-1 FPGA on the Xilinx® ML605 Rev D evaluation board
上传时间： 2013-11-23
上传用户：shen_dafa
Abstract: Many modern industrial, medical, and commercial applications require temperature measurements in the extended temperature rangewith accuracies of ±0.3°C or better, performed with reasonable cost and often with low power consumption. This article explains how platinumresistance temperature detectors (PRTDs) can perform measurements over wide temperature ranges of -200°C to +850°C, with absolute accuracyand repeatability better than ±0.3°C, when used with modern processors capable of resolving nonlinear mathematical equation quickly and costeffectively. This article is the second installment of a series on PRTDs. For the first installment, please read application note 4875, "High-Accuracy Temperature Measurements Call for Platinum Resistance Temperature Detectors (PRTDs) and Precision Delta-Sigma ADCs."
上传时间： 2013-11-06
上传用户：WMC_geophy
TheTool is highy customizable map editor(based on QT) which can be extended via LUA scripts. A first implentation is ready and can be published to the public. The editor is the perfect tool who wants to design some 3d games but don t have time to write
标签： customizable extended TheTool scripts
上传时间： 2013-12-12
上传用户：lanwei
a Java program that reads a file containing instructions written in self-defined file (TPL in this case), and executes those instructions. This program should take the name of the TPL file as a command line parameter, and write its output to the console.
标签： file instructions self-defined containing
上传时间： 2015-01-11
上传用户：曹云鹏
Filename: main.c * Description: A simple test program for the CRC implementations. * Notes: To test a different CRC standard, modify crc.h. * * * Copyright (c) 2000 by Michael Barr. This software is placed into * the public domain and may be used for any purpose. However, this * notice must not be changed or removed and no warranty is either * expressed or implied by its publication or distribution.
标签： test implementations Description Filename
上传时间： 2015-02-02
上传用户：leehom61
A windows BMP file is a common image format that Java does not handle. While BMP images are used only on windows machines, they are reasonably common. Reading these shows how to read complex structures in Java and how to alter they byte order from the big endian order used by Java to the little endian order used by the windows and the intel processor.
上传时间： 2013-12-27
上传用户：gaojiao1999
