as a message came into prominence with the publication in 1948 of an influential paper by Claude Shannon, "A Mathematical Theory of Communication." Th...
From helping to assess the value of new medical treatments to evaluating the factors that affect our opinions and behaviors, analysts today are findi...
The literature of cryptography has a curious history. Secrecy, of course, has always played a central role, but until the First World War, important...
If a tree falls in the forest, and there s nobody there to hear, does it make a sound? This classic conundrum was coined by George Berkeley (1685-1753...
