针对目前使用的RS232接口数字化B超键盘存在PC主机启动时不能设置BIOS，提出一种PS2键盘的设计方法。基于W78E052D单片机，采用8通道串行A/D转换器设计了8个TGC电位器信息采集电路，电位器位置信息以键盘扫描码序列形式发送，正交编码器信号通过XC9536XL转换为单片机可接收的中断信号，软件接收到中断信息后等效处理成按键。结果表明，在满足开机可设置BIOS同时，又可实现超声特有功能，不需要专门设计驱动程序，接口简单，成本低。 Abstract: Aiming at the problem of the digital ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system keyboard with RS232 interface currently used couldn?蒺t set the BIOS when the PC boot， this paper proposed a design method of PS2 keyboards. Based on W78E052D microcontroller，designed eight TGC potentiometers information acquisition circuit with 8-channel serial A/D converter， potentiometer position information sent out with keyboard scan code sequentially.The control circuit based on XC9536 CPLD is used for converting the mechanical actions of the encoders into the signals that can be identified by the MCU， software received interrupt information and equivalently treatmented as key. The results show that the BIOS can be set to meet the boot， ultrasound specific functionality can be achieved at the same time， it does not require specially designed driver，the interface is simple and low cost.
上传时间： 2013-10-09
上传用户：asdfasdfd
SDRAM的原理和时序 SDRAM内存模组与基本结构 我们平时看到的SDRAM都是以模组形式出现，为什么要做成这种形式呢？这首先要接触到两个概念：物理Bank与芯片位宽。1、 物理Bank 传统内存系统为了保证CPU的正常工作，必须一次传输完CPU在一个传输周期内所需要的数据。而CPU在一个传输周期能接受的数 据容量就是CPU数据总线的位宽，单位是bit（位）。当时控制内存与CPU之间数据交换的北桥芯片也因此将内存总线的数据位宽 等同于CPU数据总线的位宽，而这个位宽就称之为物理Bank（Physical Bank，下文简称P-Bank）的位宽。所以，那时的内存必须要组织成P-Bank来与CPU打交道。资格稍老的玩家应该还记 得Pentium刚上市时，需要两条72pin的SIMM才能启动，因为一条72pin -SIMM只能提供32bit的位宽，不能满足Pentium的64bit数据总线的需要。直到168pin-SDRAM DIMM上市后，才可以使用一条内存开机。不过要强调一点，P-Bank是SDRAM及以前传统内存家族的特有概念，RDRAM中将以通道（Channel）取代，而对 于像Intel E7500那样的并发式多通道DDR系统，传统的P-Bank概念也不适用。2、 芯片位宽 上文已经讲到SDRAM内存系统必须要组成一个P-Bank的位宽，才能使CPU正常工作，那么这个P-Bank位宽怎么得到呢 ？这就涉及到了内存芯片的结构。 每个内存芯片也有自己的位宽，即每个传输周期能提供的数据量。理论上，完全可以做出一个位宽为64bit的芯片来满足P-Ban k的需要，但这对技术的要求很高，在成本和实用性方面也都处于劣势。所以芯片的位宽一般都较小。台式机市场所用的SDRAM芯片 位宽最高也就是16bit，常见的则是8bit。这样，为了组成P-Bank所需的位宽，就需要多颗芯片并联工作。对于16bi t芯片，需要4颗（4×16bit=64bit）。对于8bit芯片，则就需要8颗了。以上就是芯片位宽、芯片数量与P-Bank的关系。P-Bank其实就是一组内存芯片的集合，这个集合的容量不限，但这个集合的 总位宽必须与CPU数据位宽相符。随着计算机应用的发展，
上传时间： 2013-11-04
上传用户：zhuimenghuadie
The PCA9519 is a 4-channel level translating I2C-bus/SMBus repeater that enables theprocessor low voltage 2-wire serial bus to interface with standard I2C-bus or SMBus I/O.While retaining all the operating modes and features of the I2C-bus system during thelevel shifts, it also permits extension of the I2C-bus by providing bidirectional buffering forboth the data (SDA) and the clock (SCL) lines, thus enabling the I2C-bus or SMBusmaximum capacitance of 400 pF on the higher voltage side. The SDA and SCL pins areover-voltage tolerant and are high-impedance when the PCA9519 is unpowered.
标签： 4channel transla level 9519
上传时间： 2013-11-19
上传用户：jisiwole
The PCA9542A is a 1-of-2 bidirectional translating multiplexer, controlled via the I2C-bus.The SCL/SDA upstream pair fans out to two SCx/SDx downstream pairs, or channels.Only one SCx/SDx channel is selected at a time, determined by the contents of theprogrammable control register. Two interrupt inputs, INT0 and INT1, one for each of theSCx/SDx downstream pairs, are provided. One interrupt output, INT, which acts as anAND of the two interrupt inputs, is provided.
上传时间： 2013-12-06
上传用户：europa_lin
The PCA9549 provides eight bits of high speed TTL-compatible bus switching controlledby the I2C-bus. The low ON-state resistance of the switch allows connections to be madewith minimal propagation delay. Any individual A to B channel or combination of channelscan be selected via the I2C-bus, determined by the contents of the programmable Controlregister. When the I2C-bus bit is HIGH (logic 1), the switch is on and data can flow fromPort A to Port B, or vice versa. When the I2C-bus bit is LOW (logic 0), the switch is open,creating a high-impedance state between the two ports, which stops the data flow.An active LOW reset input (RESET) allows the PCA9549 to recover from a situationwhere the I2C-bus is stuck in a LOW state. Pulling the RESET pin LOW resets the I2C-busstate machine and causes all the bits to be open, as does the internal power-on resetfunction.
上传时间： 2014-11-22
上传用户：xcy122677
The PCA9546A is a quad bidirectional translating switch controlled via the I2C-bus. TheSCL/SDA upstream pair fans out to four downstream pairs, or channels. Any individualSCx/SDx channel or combination of channels can be selected, determined by thecontents of the programmable control register.
上传时间： 2013-11-15
上传用户：cc1915
The PCA9547 is an octal bidirectional translating multiplexer controlled by the I2C-bus.The SCL/SDA upstream pair fans out to eight downstream pairs, or channels. Only oneSCx/SDx channel can be selected at a time, determined by the contents of theprogrammable control register. The device powers up with Channel 0 connected, allowingimmediate communication between the master and downstream devices on that channel.
上传时间： 2014-12-27
上传用户：270189020
The PCA9548A is an octal bidirectional translating switch controlled via the I2C-bus. TheSCL/SDA upstream pair fans out to eight downstream pairs, or channels. Any individualSCx/SDx channel or combination of channels can be selected, determined by thecontents of the programmable control register.An active LOW reset input allows the PCA9548A to recover from a situation where one ofthe downstream I2C-buses is stuck in a LOW state. Pulling the RESET pin LOW resets theI2C-bus state machine and causes all the channels to be deselected as does the internalPower-on reset function.
上传时间： 2013-10-13
上传用户：bakdesec
The Philips family of Multiplexers and Switches consists of bi-directional translating switches controlled via the I2C or SMBus to fan out an upstream SCL/SDA pair to 2, 4 or 8 downstream channels of SCx/SDx pairs. The Multiplexers allow only one downstream channel to be selected at a time, while the Switches allow any individual downstream channel or combination of downstream channels to be selected, depending on the content of the programmable control register. Once one or several channels have been selected, the device acts as a wire, allowing the master on the upstream channel to send commands to devices on all the active downstream channels, and devices on the active downstream channels to communicate with each other and the master. External pull-up resistors are used to pull each individual channel up to the desired voltage level. Combined interrupt output and hardware reset input are device options that are featured.
上传时间： 2013-10-11
上传用户：dianxin61
The LogiCORE™ GTP Wizard automates the task of creating HDL wrappers to configure the high-speed serial GTP transceivers in Virtex™-5 LXT and SXT devices. The menu-driven interface allows one or more GTP transceivers to be configured using pre-definedtemplates for popular industry standards, or from scratch, to support a wide variety of custom protocols.The Wizard produces a wrapper, an example design, and a testbench for rapid integration and verification of the serial interface with your custom function Features• Creates customized HDL wrappers to configureVirtex-5 RocketIO™ GTP transceivers• Users can configure Virtex-5 GTP transceivers toconform to industry standard protocols usingpredefined templates, or tailor the templates forcustom protocols• Included protocol templates provide support for thefollowing specifications: Aurora, CPRI, FibreChannel 1x, Gigabit Ethernet, HD-SDI, OBSAI,OC3, OC12, OC48, PCI Express® (PCIe®), SATA,SATA II, and XAUI• Automatically configures analog settings• Each custom wrapper includes example design, testbench; and both implementation and simulation scripts
标签： Transceiver Virtex Wizar GTP
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：leyesome
