This white paper discusses how market trends, the need for increased productivity, and new legislation have accelerated the use of safety systems in industrial machinery. This TÜV-qualified FPGA design methodology is changing the paradigms of safety designs and will greatly reduce development effort, system complexity, and time to market. This allows FPGA users to design their own customized safety controllers and provides a significant competitive advantage over traditional microcontroller or ASIC-based designs. Introduction The basic motivation of deploying functional safety systems is to ensure safe operation as well as safe behavior in cases of failure. Examples of functional safety systems include train brakes, proximity sensors for hazardous areas around machines such as fast-moving robots, and distributed control systems in process automation equipment such as those used in petrochemical plants. The International Electrotechnical Commission’s standard, IEC 61508: “Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems,” is understood as the standard for designing safety systems for electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic (E/E/PE) equipment. This standard was developed in the mid-1980s and has been revised several times to cover the technical advances in various industries. In addition, derivative standards have been developed for specific markets and applications that prescribe the particular requirements on functional safety systems in these industry applications. Example applications include process automation (IEC 61511), machine automation (IEC 62061), transportation (railway EN 50128), medical (IEC 62304), automotive (ISO 26262), power generation, distribution, and transportation. 图Figure 1. Local Safety System
上传时间： 2013-11-14
上传用户：zoudejile
Nios II 软件开发人员手册中的缓存和紧耦合存储器部分 Nios® II embedded processor cores can contain instruction and data caches. This chapter discusses cache-related issues that you need to consider to guarantee that your program executes correctly on the Nios II processor. Fortunately, most software based on the Nios II hardware abstraction layer (HAL) works correctly without any special accommodations for caches. However, some software must manage the cache directly. For code that needs direct control over the cache, the Nios II architecture provides facilities to perform the following actions:
上传时间： 2013-10-25
上传用户：虫虫虫虫虫虫
Silicon Motion, Inc. has made best efforts to ensure that the information contained in this document is accurate andreliable. However, the information is subject to change without notice. No responsibility is assumed by SiliconMotion, Inc. for the use of this information, nor for infringements of patents or other rights of third parties.Copyright NoticeCopyright 2002, Silicon Motion, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied,or transmitted in any form, without the prior written consent of Silicon Motion, Inc. Silicon Motion, Inc. reserves theright to make changes to the product specification without reservation and without notice to our users
标签： GUIDELINES LAYOUT 320 PCB
上传时间： 2013-10-10
上传用户：manga135
The power of programmability gives industrial automation designers a highly efficient， cost-effective alternative to traditional motor control units （MCUs）。 The parallel-processing power， fast computational speeds， and connectivity versatility of Xilinx® FPGAs can accelerate the implementation of advanced motor control algorithms such as Field Oriented Control （FOC）。 Additionally， Xilinx devices lower costs with greater on-chip integration of system components and shorten latencies with high-performance digital signal processing （DSP） that can tackle compute-intensive functions such as PID Controller， Clark/Park transforms， and Space Vector PWM. The Xilinx Spartan®-6 FPGA Motor Control Development Kit gives designers an ideal starting point for evaluating time-saving， proven， motor-control reference designs. The kit also shortens the process of developing custom control capabilities， with integrated peripheral functions （Ethernet， PowerLink， and PCI® Express）， a motor-control FPGA mezzanine card （FMC） with built-in Texas Instruments motor drivers and high-precision Delta-Sigma modulators， and prototyping support for evaluating alternative front-end circuitry.
上传时间： 2013-10-28
上传用户：wujijunshi
Abstract: As industrial control systems (ICSs) have become increasingly connected and use more off-the-shelfcomponents, new vulnerabilities to cyber attacks have emerged. This tutorial looks at three types of ICSs:programmable logic controllers (PLCs), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, anddistributed control systems (DCSs), and then discusses security issues and remedies. This document alsoexplains the benefits and limitations of two cryptographic solutions (digital signatures and encryption) andelaborates on the reasons for using security ICs in an ICS to support cryptography.
上传时间： 2013-10-09
上传用户：woshinimiaoye
反复提示需要重新启动：在”运行“，输入”Regedit“打开注册表， 出如下的注册表键值”HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControl Set\Control\Session Manager\PendingFileRenameOperations” 显示出错消息1645”安装Microsoft Net Framework”时出错，返回代码1601，安装被取消：用户的操作系统DCOM组态出错。在“运行”中，输入“dcomcnfg.exe”回车。在弹出的DCOM组态属性设置对话框的”标准属性“选项卡中，不要同时选择”缺省验证级别“＝”无”和“缺省身份更改级别‘＝”隐名’。
上传时间： 2013-11-22
上传用户：myworkpost
为了提高直接转矩控制（DTC）系统定子磁链估计精度，降低电流、电压测量的随机误差，提出了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）实现异步电机转子位置和速度估计的方法。扩展卡尔曼滤波器是建立在基于旋转坐标系下由定子电流、电压、转子转速和其它电机参量所构成的电机模型上，将定子电流、定子磁链、转速和转子角位置作为状态变量，定子电压为输入变量，定子电流为输出变量，通过对磁链和转速的闭环控制提高定子磁链的估计精度，实现了异步电机的无速度传感器直接转矩控制策略，仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性,提高了直接转矩的控制性能。 Abstract: In order to improve the Direct Torque Control（DTC） system of stator flux estimation accuracy and reduce the current， voltage measurement of random error， a novel method to estimate the speed and rotor position of asynchronous motor based on extended Kalman filter was introduced. EKF was based on d-p axis motor and other motor parameters （state vector: stator current， stator flux linkage， rotor angular speed and position； input: stator voltage； output: staror current). EKF was designed for stator flux and rotor speed estimation in close-loop control. It can improve the estimated accuracy of stator flux. It is possible to estimate the speed and rotor position and implement asynchronous motor drives without position and speed sensors. The simulation results show it is efficient and improves the control performance.
上传时间： 2015-01-02
上传用户：qingdou
工程资源管理器 如何创建和使用 LabVIEW 中的 LLB 文件 如何使用 VI 的重入属性（Reentrant） 用户自定义控件中 Control, Type Def. 和 Strict Type Def. 的区别 调整控件和函数面板的首选项 在文件夹下直接创建新的 VI 图标编辑器上的鼠标双击技巧 第二章：简单程序结构 顺序结构 选择结构 事件结构 循环结构 定时结构 缓存重用结构 LabVIEW 中的泛型容器 第三章：控件、常量和运算 LabVIEW 中的数字型数据 1 - 控件和常量 LabVIEW 中的数字型数据 2 - 运算 LabVIEW 中的数字型数据 3 - 数值的单位 第四章：常用的程序结构 几种简单的测试程序流程模型 用 LabVIEW 编写 Wizard 类型的应用程序 1 (LabVIEW 6.1 之前) 用 LabVIEW 编写 Wizard 类型的应用程序 2 (LabVIEW 6.1 ~ 7.1) 用 LabVIEW 编写 Wizard 类型的应用程序 3 (LabVIEW 8.0) 用 LabVIEW 编写 Wizard 类型的应用程序 4 (LabVIEW 8.2 之后) 在 LabVIEW 中使用常量定义 多态 VI 全局变量 传引用 第五章：调试 LabVIEW 的调试环境 断点和探针 其它常用调试工具和方法 LabVIEW 代码中常见的错误 查看一段代码的运行时间 如何调试 LabVIEW 调用的 DLL 第六章：深入理解 LabVIEW G 语言 LabVIEW 是编译型语言还是解释型语言 数据流驱动的编程语言 传值和传引用 VI 中的数据空间 第七章：编写优美的代码 用户界面设计 1 用户界面设计 2 - 界面的一致性 用户界面设计 3 - 界面元素的关联 用户界面设计 4 - 帮助和反馈信息 Caption 和 Label 的书写规范 隐藏程序框图上的大个 Cluster 制作不规则图形的子VI图标 第八章：编写高效率的代码 LabVIEW 程序的内存优化 1 LabVIEW 程序的内存优化 2 - 子 VI 的优化 LabVIEW 程序中的线程 1 - LabVIEW 是自动多线程语言 LabVIEW 程序中的线程 2 - LabVIEW 的执行系统 LabVIEW 程序中的线程 3 - 线程的优先级 LabVIEW 程序中的线程 4 - 动态连接库函数的线程 LabVIEW 的运行效率 1 - 找到程序运行速度的瓶颈 LabVIEW 的运行效率 2 - 程序慢在哪里 LabVIEW 对多核 CPU 的支持 第九章：VI 服务 VI Server （VI 服务） 后台任务 在 LabVIEW 中实现 VI 的递归调用 VB ｓｃｒｉｐｔ 打开一个VI 第十章：调用动态链接库 动态链接库导入工具 CLN 的配置选项 简单数据类型参数的设置 结构型参数的设置 作为函数返回值的字符串为什么不用在 VI 中先分配内存 LabVIEW 中对 C 语言指针的处理 调试 LabVIEW 调用的 DLL 第十一章：面向对象编程（LVOOP） 利用 LabVIEW 工程库实现面向对象编程 模块接口 API 的两种设计方案 LabVIEW 对面向对象的支持 面向对象与数据流驱动的结合 LabVIEW 中的类 第十二章：XControl 一个 XControl 的实例 用 XControl 实现面向组件的编程 第十三章：项目管理
标签： LabVIEW
上传时间： 2013-11-01
上传用户：ruixue198909
Abstract: This application note explains how to design an intelligent lighting controller that senses and measures the ambient lightlevel with an ambient light sensor (ALS). Equipped with a real-time clock (RTC), the controller also knows when to turn lighting on oroff at specified times. The system presented in this document can be used to control all luminaires that are mains-supply operated.Controller software is also provided in hex format.
上传时间： 2013-11-18
上传用户：AbuGe
基于通用集成运算放大器，利用MASON公式设计了一个多功能二阶通用滤波器，能同时或分别实现低通、高通和带通滤波，也能设计成一个正交振荡器。电路的极点频率和品质因数能够独立、精确地调节。电路使用4个集成运放、2个电容和11个电阻，所有集成运放的反相端虚地。利用计算机仿真电路的通用滤波功能、极点频率和品质因数的独立控制和正交正弦振荡，从而证明该滤波器正确有效。 Abstract: A new multifunctional second-order filter based on OPs was presented by MASON formula. Functions， such as high-pass， band-pass， low-pass filtering， can be realized respectively and simultaneously， and can become a quadrature oscillator by modifying resistance ratio. Its pole angular frequency and quality factor can be tuned accurately and independently. The circuit presented contains four OPs， two capacitors， and eleven resistances， and inverting input of all OPs is virtual ground. Its general filtering， the independent control of pole frequency and quality factor and quadrature sinusoidal oscillation were simulated by computer， and the result shows that the presented circuit is valid and effective.
上传时间： 2013-10-09
上传用户：13788529953
