In this paper we revisit hybrid analog-digital precoding systems with emphasis on their modelling and radio-frequency (RF) losses, to realistically evaluate their benefits in 5G system implementations. For this, we decompose the analog beamforming networks (ABFN) as a bank of commonly used RF components and formulate realistic model constraints based on their S-parameters. Specifically, we concentrate on fully-connected ABFN (FC-ABFN) and Butler networks for implementing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in the RF domain. The results presented in this paper reveal that the performance and energy efficiency of hybrid precoding systems are severely affected, once practical factors are considered in the overall design. In this context, we also show that Butler RF networks are capable of providing better performances than FC-ABFN for systems with a large number of RF chains.
标签： Analog-Digital Precoding Hybrid
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
This book deals with a very important problem in power system planning for countries in which hydrogeneration accounts for the greatest part of the system power production. During the past thirty years many techniques have been developed to cope with the long-term operation of hydro reser- voirs. These techniques have been discussed in a number of publications, but they have not until now been documented in book form.
标签： Long-Term Operation Optimal
上传时间： 2020-06-07
上传用户：shancjb
本系统采用电动机电枢供电回路串接采样电阻的方式来实现对小型直流有刷电动机的转速测量。该系统主要由二阶低通滤波电路,小信号放大电路、单片机测量显示电路、开关稳压电源电路等组成。同时自制电机测速装置,用高频磁环作为载体,用线圈绕制磁环,利用电磁感应原理检测电机运行时的漏磁,将变化的磁场信号转化为磁环上的感应电流。用信号处理单元电路将微弱电信号转化为脉冲信号,送由单片机检测,从而达到准确测量电机的速度的要求。In this system, the sampling resistance of armature power supply circuit is connected in series to measure the speed of small DC brush motor. The system is mainly composed of second-order low-pass filter circuit, small signal amplifier circuit, single-chip measurement and display circuit, switching regulated power supply circuit and so on. At the same time, the self-made motor speed measuring device uses high frequency magnetic ring as the carrier, coil winding magnetic ring, and electromagnetic induction principle to detect the leakage of magnetic field during the operation of the motor, which converts the changed magnetic field signal into the induced current on the magnetic ring. The weak electric signal is transformed into pulse signal by signal processing unit circuit, which is sent to single chip computer for detection, so as to meet the requirement of accurate measurement of motor speed.
标签： 直流电动机
上传时间： 2022-03-26
上传用户：
AR0231AT7C00XUEA0-DRBR（RGB滤光）安森美半导体推出采用突破性减少LED闪烁 (LFM)技术的新的230万像素CMOS图像传感器样品AR0231AT，为汽车先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)应用确立了一个新基准。新器件能捕获1080p高动态范围(HDR)视频，还具备支持汽车安全完整性等级B(ASIL B)的特性。LFM技术(专利申请中)消除交通信号灯和汽车LED照明的高频LED闪烁，令交通信号阅读算法能于所有光照条件下工作。AR0231AT具有1/2.7英寸(6.82 mm)光学格式和1928(水平) x 1208(垂直)有源像素阵列。它采用最新的3.0微米背照式(BSI)像素及安森美半导体的DR-Pix™技术，提供双转换增益以在所有光照条件下提升性能。它以线性、HDR或LFM模式捕获图像，并提供模式间的帧到帧情境切换。 AR0231AT提供达4重曝光的HDR，以出色的噪声性能捕获超过120dB的动态范围。AR0231AT能同步支持多个摄相机，以易于在汽车应用中实现多个传感器节点，和通过一个简单的双线串行接口实现用户可编程性。它还有多个数据接口，包括MIPI(移动产业处理器接口)、并行和HiSPi(高速串行像素接口)。其它关键特性还包括可选自动化或用户控制的黑电平控制，支持扩频时钟输入和提供多色滤波阵列选择。封装和现状：AR0231AT采用11 mm x 10 mm iBGA-121封装，现提供工程样品。工作温度范围为-40℃至105℃(环境温度)，将完全通过AEC-Q100认证。
标签： 图像传感器
上传时间： 2022-06-27
上传用户：XuVshu
This I develops based on the B/S structure student managementsystem management system, hoped brings a help to the novice
标签： managementsystem management structure develops
上传时间： 2014-01-07
上传用户：钓鳌牧马
About: hamsterdb is a database engine written in ANSI C. It supports a B+Tree index structure, uses memory mapped I/O (if available), supports cursors, and can create in-memory databases. Release focus: Major feature enhancements Changes: This release comes with many changes and new features. It can manage multiple databases in one file. A new flag (HAM_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE) places an exclusive lock on the file. hamsterdb was ported to Windows CE, and the Solution file for Visual Studio 2005 now supports builds for x64. Several minor bugs were fixed, performance was improved, and small API changes occurred. Pre-built libraries for Windows (32-bit and 64-bit) are available for download. Author: cruppstahl
标签： C. hamsterdb structure database
上传时间： 2013-12-11
上传用户：LouieWu
2004China Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling (CUMCM)是2004年全国数学建模大赛的题目（B题）。现将题目，建模过程及利用“多元线性回归和人工神经网络”解题的源代码上传给大家一起分享。
标签： 2004 Undergraduate Mathematical Modeling
上传时间： 2014-01-08
上传用户：youth25
梯形公式计算面积近似值:In=Tn=h/2(f(a)+f(b)) 变长梯形面积:T2n=Tn/2+h/2∑f(Xk+h/2) 辛普生面积:I2n=(4T2n-Tn)/3
上传时间： 2016-01-06
上传用户：qw12
b tree code for index in the database design
标签： database design index tree
上传时间： 2016-02-03
上传用户：z1191176801
I wrote this code early this year using ColdFire MCF5213 in codewarrior IDE. The LCD is STN B/W 320x240 dot matrix LCD. The code include 3 different fonts, and basic LCD driver. All original!
标签： this codewarrior ColdFire wrote
上传时间： 2013-12-20
上传用户：皇族传媒
