The PCA9536 is an 8-pin CMOS device that provides 4 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion for I2C-bus/SMBus applications and was developed toenhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders. I/O expanders providea simple solution when additional I/O is needed for ACPI power switches, sensors,push buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.
上传时间： 2013-10-09
上传用户：731140412
The PCA9537 is a 10-pin CMOS device that provides 4 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion with interrupt and reset for I2C-bus/SMBus applicationsand was developed to enhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders.I/O expanders provide a simple solution when additional I/O is needed for ACPI powerswitches, sensors, push-buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.
上传时间： 2013-10-14
上传用户：wuchunzhong
The PCA9538 is a 16-pin CMOS device that provides 8 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion with interrupt and reset for I2C-bus/SMBus applicationsand was developed to enhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders.I/O expanders provide a simple solution when additional I/O is needed for ACPI powerswitches, sensors, push-buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.
上传时间： 2014-01-24
上传用户：youmo81
The PCA9555 is a 24-pin CMOS device that provides 16 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion for I2C-bus/SMBus applications and was developed toenhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders. The improvementsinclude higher drive capability, 5 V I/O tolerance, lower supply current, individual I/Oconfiguration, and smaller packaging. I/O expanders provide a simple solution whenadditional I/O is needed for ACPI power switches, sensors, push buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.The PCA9555 consists of two 8-bit Configuration (Input or Output selection); Input, Outputand Polarity Inversion (active HIGH or active LOW operation) registers. The systemmaster can enable the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configurationbits. The data for each Input or Output is kept in the corresponding Input or Outputregister. The polarity of the read register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversionregister. All registers can be read by the system master. Although pin-to-pin and I2C-busaddress compatible with the PCF8575, software changes are required due to theenhancements, and are discussed in Application Note AN469.
上传时间： 2013-11-13
上传用户：fredguo
The PCA9557 is a silicon CMOS circuit which provides parallel input/output expansion for SMBus and I2C-bus applications. The PCA9557 consists of an 8-bit input port register, 8-bit output port register, and an I2C-bus/SMBus interface. It has low current consumption and a high-impedance open-drain output pin, IO0. The system master can enable the PCA9557’s I/O as either input or output by writing to the configuration register. The system master can also invert the PCA9557 inputs by writing to the active HIGH polarity inversion register. Finally, the system master can reset the PCA9557 in the event of a time-out by asserting a LOW in the reset input. The power-on reset puts the registers in their default state and initializes the I2C-bus/SMBus state machine. The RESET pin causes the same reset/initialization to occur without de-powering the part.
上传时间： 2014-01-18
上传用户：bs2005
The CAT9555 is a CMOS device that provides 16-bitparallel input/output port expansion for I²C and SMBuscompatible applications. These I/O expanders providea simple solution in applications where additional I/Osare needed: sensors, power switches, LEDs,pushbuttons, and fans.
上传时间： 2014-01-09
上传用户：1101055045
The CAT9534 is an 8-bit parallel input/output portexpander for I²C and SMBus compatible applications.These I/O expanders provide a simple solution inapplications where additional I/Os are needed: sensors,power switches, LEDs, pushbuttons, and fans.The CAT9534 consists of an input port register, anoutput port register, a configuration register, a polarityinversion register and an I²C/SMBus-compatible serialinterface.
上传时间： 2013-11-09
上传用户：liulinshan2010
PC机之间串口通信的实现一、实验目的 １．熟悉微机接口实验装置的结构和使用方法。 ２．掌握通信接口芯片8251和8250的功能和使用方法。 ３．学会串行通信程序的编制方法。 二、实验内容与要求 １．基本要求主机接收开关量输入的数据（二进制或十六进制），从键盘上按“传输”键（可自行定义），就将该数据通过8251A传输出去。终端接收后在显示器上显示数据。具体操作说明如下：（１）出现提示信息“start with R in the board!”，通过调整乒乓开关的状态，设置8位数据；（２）在小键盘上按“R”键，系统将此时乒乓开关的状态读入计算机I中，并显示出来，同时显示经串行通讯后，计算机II接收到的数据；（３）完成后，系统提示“do you want to send another data? Y/N”，根据用户需要，在键盘按下“Y”键，则重复步骤（1），进行另一数据的通讯；在键盘按除“Y”键外的任意键，将退出本程序。２．提高要求 能够进行出错处理，例如采用奇偶校验，出错重传或者采用接收方回传和发送方确认来保证发送和接收正确。 三、设计报告要求 １．设计目的和内容 ２．总体设计 ３．硬件设计：原理图（接线图）及简要说明 ４．软件设计框图及程序清单５．设计结果和体会（包括遇到的问题及解决的方法） 四、8251A通用串行输入/输出接口芯片由于CPU与接口之间按并行方式传输，接口与外设之间按串行方式传输，因此，在串行接口中，必须要有“接收移位寄存器”（串→并）和“发送移位寄存器”（并→串）。能够完成上述“串←→并”转换功能的电路，通常称为“通用异步收发器”（UART：Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter）,典型的芯片有：Intel 8250/8251。8251A异步工作方式：如果8251A编程为异步方式，在需要发送字符时，必须首先设置TXEN和CTS#为有效状态，TXEN(Transmitter Enable)是允许发送信号，是命令寄存器中的一位；CTS#(Clear To Send)是由外设发来的对CPU请求发送信号的响应信号。然后就开始发送过程。在发送时，每当CPU送往发送缓冲器一个字符，发送器自动为这个字符加上1个起始位，并且按照编程要求加上奇／偶校验位以及1个、1.5个或者2个停止位。串行数据以起始位开始，接着是最低有效数据位，最高有效位的后面是奇／偶校验位，然后是停止位。按位发送的数据是以发送时钟TXC的下降沿同步的，也就是说这些数据总是在发送时钟TXC的下降沿从8251A发出。数据传输的波特率取决于编程时指定的波特率因子，为发送器时钟频率的1、1/16或1/64。当波特率指定为16时，数据传输的波特率就是发送器时钟频率的1/16。CPU通过数据总线将数据送到8251A的数据输出缓冲寄存器以后，再传输到发送缓冲器，经移位寄存器移位，将并行数据变为串行数据，从TxD端送往外部设备。在8251A接收字符时，命令寄存器的接收允许位RxE(Receiver Enable)必须为1。8251A通过检测RxD引脚上的低电平来准备接收字符，在没有字符传送时RxD端为高电平。8251A不断地检测RxD引脚，从RxD端上检测到低电平以后，便认为是串行数据的起始位，并且启动接收控制电路中的一个计数器来进行计数，计数器的频率等于接收器时钟频率。计数器是作为接收器采样定时，当计数到相当于半个数位的传输时间时再次对RxD端进行采样，如果仍为低电平，则确认该数位是一个有效的起始位。若传输一个字符需要16个时钟，那么就是要在计数8个时钟后采样到低电平。之后，8251A每隔一个数位的传输时间对RxD端采样一次，依次确定串行数据位的值。串行数据位顺序进入接收移位寄存器，通过校验并除去停止位，变成并行数据以后通过内部数据总线送入接收缓冲器，此时发出有效状态的RxRDY信号通知CPU，通知CPU8251A已经收到一个有效的数据。一个字符对应的数据可以是5～8位。如果一个字符对应的数据不到8位，8251A会在移位转换成并行数据的时候，自动把他们的高位补成0。 五、系统总体设计方案根据系统设计的要求，对系统设计的总体方案进行论证分析如下：1．获取8位开关量可使用实验台上的8255A可编程并行接口芯片，因为只要获取8位数据量，只需使用基本输入和8位数据线，所以将8255A工作在方式0，PA0-PA7接实验台上的8位开关量。2．当使用串口进行数据传送时，虽然同步通信速度远远高于异步通信，可达500kbit/s，但由于其需要有一个时钟来实现发送端和接收端之间的同步，硬件电路复杂，通常计算机之间的通信只采用异步通信。3．由于8251A本身没有时钟，需要外部提供，所以本设计中使用实验台上的8253芯片的计数器2来实现。4：显示和键盘输入均使用DOS功能调用来实现。设计思路框图，如下图所示： 六、硬件设计硬件电路主要分为8位开关量数据获取电路，串行通信数据发送电路，串行通信数据接收电路三个部分。1．8位开关量数据获取电路该电路主要是利用8255并行接口读取8位乒乓开关的数据。此次设计在获取8位开关数据量时采用8255令其工作在方式0，A口输入8位数据，CS#接实验台上CS1口，对应端口为280H-283H，PA0-PA7接8个开关。2．串行通信电路串行通信电路本设计中8253主要为8251充当频率发生器，接线如下图所示。
上传时间： 2013-12-19
上传用户：小火车啦啦啦
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：copu
Abstract: This application note explains the hardware of different types of 1-Wire® interfaces and software examples adapted to this hardware with a focus on serial ports. Depending on the types of iButtons required for a project and the type of computer to be used, the most economical interface is easily found. The hardware examples shown are basically two different types: 5V general interface and 12V RS-232 interface. Within the 5V group a common printed circuit board could be used for all circuits described. The variations can be achieved by different populations of components. The same principal is used for the 12V RS-232 interface. The population determines if it is a Read all or a Read/Write all type of interface. There are other possible circuit implementations to create a 1-Wire interface. The circuits described in this application note cover many different configurations. For a custom application, one of the described options can be adapted to meet individual needs.
标签： iButtons Reading Writing and
上传时间： 2013-10-29
上传用户：long14578
