BC20-TE-B NB-Iot 评估板评估板原厂原理图V1.2。完整对应实物装置。
上传时间: 2022-06-17
上传用户:
ASR M08-B设置软件 V3.2 arduino 2560+ASRM08-B测试程序 arduino UNO+ASRM08-B测试程序语音控制台灯电路图及C51源码(不带校验码) 继电器模块设置。 ASR M08-B是一款语音识别模块。首先对模块添加一些关键字,对着该模块说出关键字,串口会返回三位的数,如果是返回特定的三位数字,还会引起ASR M08-B的相关引脚电平的变化。【测试】①打开“ASR M08-B设置软件 V3.2.exe”。②选择“串口号”、“打开串口”、点选“十六进制显示”。③将USB转串口模块连接到语音识别模块上。接线方法如下:语音模块TXD --> USB模块RXD语音模块RXD --> USB模块TXD语音模块GND --> USB模块GND语音模块3V3 --> USB模块3V3(此端为3.3V电源供电端。)④将模块的开关拨到“A”端,最好再按一次上面的大按钮(按一次即可,为了确保模块工作在正确的模式)。⑤对着模块说“开灯”、“关灯”模块会返回“0B”、“0A”,表示正常(注意:0B对应返回值010,0B对应返回值010,返回是16进制显示的嘛,设置的时候是10进制设置的)。
标签: ASR M08-B
上传时间: 2022-07-06
上传用户:aben
The PCA9549 provides eight bits of high speed TTL-compatible bus switching controlledby the I2C-bus. The low ON-state resistance of the switch allows connections to be madewith minimal propagation delay. Any individual A to B channel or combination of channelscan be selected via the I2C-bus, determined by the contents of the programmable Controlregister. When the I2C-bus bit is HIGH (logic 1), the switch is on and data can flow fromPort A to Port B, or vice versa. When the I2C-bus bit is LOW (logic 0), the switch is open,creating a high-impedance state between the two ports, which stops the data flow.An active LOW reset input (RESET) allows the PCA9549 to recover from a situationwhere the I2C-bus is stuck in a LOW state. Pulling the RESET pin LOW resets the I2C-busstate machine and causes all the bits to be open, as does the internal power-on resetfunction.
上传时间: 2014-11-22
上传用户:xcy122677
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
上传时间: 2013-10-23
上传用户:copu
有两种方式可以让设备和应用程序之间联系:1. 通过为设备创建的一个符号链;2. 通过输出到一个接口WDM驱动程序建议使用输出到一个接口而不推荐使用创建符号链的方法。这个接口保证PDO的安全,也保证安全地创建一个惟一的、独立于语言的访问设备的方法。一个应用程序使用Win32APIs来调用设备。在某个Win32 APIs和设备对象的分发函数之间存在一个映射关系。获得对设备对象访问的第一步就是打开一个设备对象的句柄。 用符号链打开一个设备的句柄为了打开一个设备,应用程序需要使用CreateFile。如果该设备有一个符号链出口,应用程序可以用下面这个例子的形式打开句柄:hDevice = CreateFile("\\\\.\\OMNIPORT3", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL ,NULL);文件路径名的前缀“\\.\”告诉系统本调用希望打开一个设备。这个设备必须有一个符号链,以便应用程序能够打开它。有关细节查看有关Kdevice和CreateLink的内容。在上述调用中第一个参数中前缀后的部分就是这个符号链的名字。注意:CreatFile中的第一个参数不是Windows 98/2000中驱动程序(.sys文件)的路径。是到设备对象的符号链。如果使用DriverWizard产生驱动程序,它通常使用类KunitizedName来构成设备的符号链。这意味着符号链名有一个附加的数字,通常是0。例如:如果链接名称的主干是L“TestDevice”那么在CreateFile中的串就该是“\\\\.\\TestDevice0”。如果应用程序需要被覆盖的I/O,第六个参数(Flags)必须或上FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED。 使用一个输出接口打开句柄用这种方式打开一个句柄会稍微麻烦一些。DriverWorks库提供两个助手类来使获得对该接口的访问容易一些,这两个类是CDeviceInterface, 和 CdeviceInterfaceClass。CdeviceInterfaceClass类封装了一个设备信息集,该信息集包含了特殊类中的所有设备接口信息。应用程序能有用CdeviceInterfaceClass类的一个实例来获得一个或更多的CdeviceInterface类的实例。CdeviceInterface类是一个单一设备接口的抽象。它的成员函数DevicePath()返回一个路径名的指针,该指针可以在CreateFile中使用来打开设备。下面用一个小例子来显示这些类最基本的使用方法:extern GUID TestGuid;HANDLE OpenByInterface( GUID* pClassGuid, DWORD instance, PDWORD pError){ CDeviceInterfaceClass DevClass(pClassGuid, pError); if (*pError != ERROR_SUCCESS) return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; CDeviceInterface DevInterface(&DevClass, instance, pError); if (*pError != ERROR_SUCCESS) return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; cout << "The device path is " << DevInterface.DevicePath() << endl; HANDLE hDev; hDev = CreateFile( DevInterface.DevicePath(), GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL ); if (hDev == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) *pError = GetLastError(); return hDev;} 在设备中执行I/O操作一旦应用程序获得一个有效的设备句柄,它就能使用Win32 APIs来产生到设备对象的IRPs。下面的表显示了这种对应关系。Win32 API DRIVER_FUNCTION_xxxIRP_MJ_xxx KDevice subclass member function CreateFile CREATE Create ReadFile READ Read WriteFile WRITE Write DeviceIoControl DEVICE_CONTROL DeviceControl CloseHandle CLOSECLEANUP CloseCleanUp 需要解释一下设备类成员的Close和CleanUp:CreateFile使内核为设备创建一个新的文件对象。这使得多个句柄可以映射同一个文件对象。当这个文件对象的最后一个用户级句柄被撤销后,I/O管理器调用CleanUp。当没有任何用户级和核心级的对文件对象的访问的时候,I/O管理器调用Close。如果被打开的设备不支持指定的功能,则调用相应的Win32将引起错误(无效功能)。以前为Windows95编写的VxD的应用程序代码中可能会在打开设备的时候使用FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE属性。在Windows NT/2000中,建议不要使用这个属性,因为它将导致没有特权的用户企图打开这个设备,这是不可能成功的。I/O管理器将ReadFile和WriteFile的buff参数转换成IRP域的方法依赖于设备对象的属性。当设备设置DO_DIRECT_IO标志,I/O管理器将buff锁住在存储器中,并且创建了一个存储在IRP中的MDL域。一个设备可以通过调用Kirp::Mdl来存取MDL。当设备设置DO_BUFFERED_IO标志,设备对象分别通过KIrp::BufferedReadDest或 KIrp::BufferedWriteSource为读或写操作获得buff地址。当设备不设置DO_BUFFERED_IO标志也不设置DO_DIRECT_IO,内核设置IRP 的UserBuffer域来对应ReadFile或WriteFile中的buff参数。然而,存储区并没有被锁住而且地址只对调用进程有效。驱动程序可以使用KIrp::UserBuffer来存取IRP域。对于DeviceIoControl调用,buffer参数的转换依赖于特殊的I/O控制代码,它不在设备对象的特性中。宏CTL_CODE(在winioctl.h中定义)用来构造控制代码。这个宏的其中一个参数指明缓冲方法是METHOD_BUFFERED, METHOD_IN_DIRECT, METHOD_OUT_DIRECT, 或METHOD_NEITHER。下面的表显示了这些方法和与之对应的能获得输入缓冲与输出缓冲的KIrp中的成员函数:Method Input Buffer Parameter Output Buffer Parameter METHOD_BUFFERED KIrp::IoctlBuffer KIrp::IoctlBuffer METHOD_IN_DIRECT KIrp::IoctlBuffer KIrp::Mdl METHOD_OUT_DIRECT KIrp::IoctlBuffer KIrp::Mdl METHOD_NEITHER KIrp::IoctlType3InputBuffer KIrp::UserBuffer 如果控制代码指明METHOD_BUFFERED,系统分配一个单一的缓冲来作为输入与输出。驱动程序必须在向输出缓冲放数据之前拷贝输入数据。驱动程序通过调用KIrp::IoctlBuffer获得缓冲地址。在完成时,I/O管理器从系统缓冲拷贝数据到提供给Ring 3级调用者使用的缓冲中。驱动程序必须在结束前存储拷贝到IRP的Information成员中的数据个数。如果控制代码不指明METHOD_IN_DIRECT或METHOD_OUT_DIRECT,则DeviceIoControl的参数呈现不同的含义。参数InputBuffer被拷贝到一个系统缓冲,这个缓冲驱动程序可以通过调用KIrp::IoctlBuffer。参数OutputBuffer被映射到KMemory对象,驱动程序对这个对象的访问通过调用KIrp::Mdl来实现。对于METHOD_OUT_DIRECT,调用者必须有对缓冲的写访问权限。注意,对METHOD_NEITHER,内核只提供虚拟地址;它不会做映射来配置缓冲。虚拟地址只对调用进程有效。这里是一个用METHOD_BUFFERED的例子:首先,使用宏CTL_CODE来定义一个IOCTL代码:#define IOCTL_MYDEV_GET_FIRMWARE_REV \CTL_CODE (FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN,0,METHOD_BUFFERED,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)现在使用一个DeviceIoControl调用:BOOLEAN b;CHAR FirmwareRev[60];ULONG FirmwareRevSize;b = DeviceIoControl(hDevice, IOCTL_MYDEV_GET_VERSION_STRING, NULL, // no input 注意,这里放的是包含有执行操作命令的字符串指针 0, FirmwareRev, //这里是output串指针,存放从驱动程序中返回的字符串。sizeof(FirmwareRev),& FirmwareRevSize, NULL // not overlapped I/O );如果输出缓冲足够大,设备拷贝串到里面并将拷贝的资结束设置到FirmwareRevSize中。在驱动程序中,代码看起来如下所示:const char* FIRMWARE_REV = "FW 16.33 v5";NTSTATUS MyDevice::DeviceControl( KIrp I ){ ULONG fwLength=0; switch ( I.IoctlCode() ) { case IOCTL_MYDEV_GET_FIRMWARE_REV: fwLength = strlen(FIRMWARE_REV)+1; if (I.IoctlOutputBufferSize() >= fwLength) { strcpy((PCHAR)I.IoctlBuffer(),FIRMWARE_REV); I.Information() = fwLength; return I.Complete(STATUS_SUCCESS); } else { } case . . . } }
上传时间: 2013-10-17
上传用户:gai928943
Rotating shafts experience a an elliptical motion called whirl. It is important to decompose this motion into a forward and backward whil orbits. The current function makes use of two sensors to generate a bi-directional spectrogram. The method can be extended to any time-frequency distribution % % compute the forward/backward Campbell/specgtrogram % % INPUT: % y (n x 2) each column is measured from a different sensor % /////// % __ % |s1| y(:,1) % |__| % __ % / \ ________|/ % | | | s2 |/ y(:,2) % \____/ --------|/ % % Fs Sampling frequnecy % % OUTPUT: % B spectrogram/Campbel diagram % x x-axis coordinate vector (time or Speed) % y y-axis coordinate vector (frequency [Hz])
标签: experience elliptical decompose important
上传时间: 2015-06-23
上传用户:372825274
人民币大写金额转换程序(修正版v0.0.3) =================================== 1.使用方法: ------------- 将Cash_RMB.dcu放入Delphi安装目录下的Lib中,在uses中加入Cash_RMB, 即可引用CashRMB方法. function CashRMB(CashAmount: Double): String 如: procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject) begin QRLabel1.Caption := CashRMB(Table1.FieldByName( 金额 ).AsFloat) end 结果将传回人民币金额大写字符串. 如果 CashAmount = 0 或数值溢出(超出万亿位),结果返回空串. 2.说明: -------- A.本转换程序最大程度只支持到万亿元(位)的金额数值转换操作.如果你的 转换数值超出此极限,你可以在调用前先行判断数据的合法性,如果没有作预 先判断,转换过程中将引发本单元中自带的错误处理例程. b.该转换结果符合标准金额大写书写格式,零角零分等字样不存在于最终的 转换结果中. c.本转换程序自带数据溢出等数据非法及转换错误等处理例程. d.本程序适用于32位的Delphi版本.
上传时间: 2013-12-31
上传用户:hebmuljb
This section contains a brief introduction to the C language. It is intended as a tutorial on the language, and aims at getting a reader new to C started as quickly as possible. It is certainly not intended as a substitute for any of the numerous textbooks on C. 2. write a recursive function FIB (n) to find out the nth element in theFibanocci sequence number which is 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,…3. write the prefix and postfix form of the following infix expressiona + b – c / d + e * f – g * h / i ^ j4. write a function to count the number of nodes in a binary tr
标签: introduction the contains intended
上传时间: 2013-12-23
上传用户:liansi
Visual Basic 6.0可以通过调用API函数格式化一个磁盘,无论是软盘还是硬盘。 打开一个新的项目(工程1) ,如果你没有更改过缺省模式,那么Visual Basic 6.0会自动添加一个form1文件,在form1上添加一个命令控件,将下面的代码拷入。 Option Explicit Private Declare Function SHFormatDrive Lib"shell32"( ByVal Hend AS Long,ByVal Drive AS Long,ByVal FormatID AS Long,ByVal Options AS Long) as Long Private Sub FormatDisk(intDrive as integer,blnQuickFormat as Boolean) dim lngReturn As Long if (blnQuickFormat) then lngReturn= SHFormatDrive(0,intDrive,0&,1&) else lngReturn= SHFormatDrive(0,intDrive,0&,0&) end if end Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() call FormatDisk(0,True) End Sub 运行此程序。 注意FormatDisk函数的第一个变量很重要,他的值是0,1,2时代表格式化的分别是:A、B、C盘。
上传时间: 2015-10-05
上传用户:kytqcool
php开发的行业搜索系统!!! 2. 安装 ------------ a. 解压程序rar文件,用二进制方式上传到你的网站的根目录或某一目录下 注意:一定要将ftp上传工具设置为二进制方式,再上传程序文件 b. unix或linux服务器下, 将以下文件属性改为:666 (或777) - function/base_info.php - function/emphasis_info.php - function/admin_pass_info.php - function/search_info.php - function/userfield_info.php - template/default/目录下的所有html文件 c. unix或linux服务器下, 将upfile/目录属性改为:777 d. 建立一个mysql数据库,并记下用户名和密码,以便安装时使用 e. 进入安装目录http://www.your_website.com/install/, 自动运行安装程序 f. 安装完成后,要求删除安装目录install/及其下文件 g. 后台管理目录http://www.your_website.com/adiministrator/ h. 可修改adiministrator/目录为你希望的独特的名字
上传时间: 2014-11-29
上传用户:小草123