上下文无关文法（Context-Free Grammar, CFG）是一个4元组G=(V, T, S, P)，其中，V和T是不相交的有限集，S∈V，P是一组有限的产生式规则集，形如A→α，其中A∈V，且α∈(V∪T)*。V的元素称为非终结符，T的元素称为终结符，S是一个特殊的非终结符，称为文法开始符。 设G=(V, T, S, P)是一个CFG，则G产生的语言是所有可由G产生的字符串组成的集合，即L(G)={x∈T* | Sx}。一个语言L是上下文无关语言（Context-Free Language, CFL），当且仅当存在一个CFG G，使得L=L(G)。 *⇒ 例如，设文法G：S→AB A→aA|a B→bB|b 则L(G)={a^nb^m | n,m>=1} 其中非终结符都是大写字母，开始符都是S，终结符都是小写字母。
标签： Context-Free Grammar CFG
上传时间： 2013-12-10
上传用户：gaojiao1999
We have a group of N items (represented by integers from 1 to N), and we know that there is some total order defined for these items. You may assume that no two elements will be equal (for all a, b: a<b or b<a). However, it is expensive to compare two items. Your task is to make a number of comparisons, and then output the sorted order. The cost of determining if a < b is given by the bth integer of element a of costs (space delimited), which is the same as the ath integer of element b. Naturally, you will be judged on the total cost of the comparisons you make before outputting the sorted order. If your order is incorrect, you will receive a 0. Otherwise, your score will be opt/cost, where opt is the best cost anyone has achieved and cost is the total cost of the comparisons you make (so your score for a test case will be between 0 and 1). Your score for the problem will simply be the sum of your scores for the individual test cases.
标签： represented integers group items
上传时间： 2016-01-17
上传用户：jeffery
(1) 、用下述两条具体规则和规则形式实现.设大写字母表示魔王语言的词汇 小写字母表示人的语言词汇 希腊字母表示可以用大写字母或小写字母代换的变量.魔王语言可含人的词汇. (2) 、B→tAdA A→sae (3) 、将魔王语言B(ehnxgz)B解释成人的语言.每个字母对应下列的语言.
上传时间： 2013-12-30
上传用户：ayfeixiao
The LM628/LM629 are dedicated motion-control processors designed for use with a variety of DC and brushless DC servo motors
标签： motion-control processors dedicated designed
上传时间： 2014-01-23
上传用户：aa17807091
1.有三根杆子A,B,C。A杆上有若干碟子 2.每次移动一块碟子,小的只能叠在大的上面 3.把所有碟子从A杆全部移到C杆上 经过研究发现，汉诺塔的破解很简单，就是按照移动规则向一个方向移动金片： 如3阶汉诺塔的移动：A→C,A→B,C→B,A→C,B→A,B→C,A→C 此外，汉诺塔问题也是程序设计中的经典递归问题
上传时间： 2016-07-25
上传用户：gxrui1991
1. 下列说法正确的是 （ ） A. Java语言不区分大小写 B. Java程序以类为基本单位 C. JVM为Java虚拟机JVM的英文缩写 D. 运行Java程序需要先安装JDK 2. 下列说法中错误的是 ( ) A. Java语言是编译执行的 B. Java中使用了多进程技术 C. Java的单行注视以//开头 D. Java语言具有很高的安全性 3. 下面不属于Java语言特点的一项是( ) A. 安全性 B. 分布式 C. 移植性 D. 编译执行 4. 下列语句中，正确的项是 ( ) A . int $e,a,b=10 B. char c,d=’a’ C. float e=0.0d D. double c=0.0f
上传时间： 2017-01-04
上传用户：netwolf
汉诺塔！！！ Simulate the movement of the Towers of Hanoi puzzle Bonus is possible for using animation eg. if n = 2 A→B A→C B→C if n = 3 A→C A→B C→B A→C B→A B→C A→C
标签： the animation Simulate movement
上传时间： 2017-02-11
上传用户：waizhang
We analyze, both analytically and numerically, the effectiveness of cloaking an infinite cylinder from observations by electromagnetic waves in three dimensions. We show that, as truncated approximations of the ideal permittivity and permeability tensors tend towards the singular ideal cloaking fields, so that the anisotropy ratio tends to infinity, the D and B fields blow up near the cloaking surface. Since the metamaterials used to implement cloaking are based on effective medium theory, the resulting large variation in D and B will pose a challenge to the suitability of the field averaged characterization of " and 碌. We also consider cloaking with and without the SHS (softand- hard surface) lining, shown in [6] to be theoretically necessary for cloaking in the cylindrical geometry. We demonstrate numerically that cloaking is significantly improved by the SHS lining, with both the far field of the scattered wave significantly reduced and the blow up of D and B prevented.
标签： effectiveness analytically numerically cloaking
上传时间： 2017-03-30
上传用户：zxc23456789
数字运算，判断一个数是否接近素数 A Niven number is a number such that the sum of its digits divides itself. For example, 111 is a Niven number because the sum of its digits is 3, which divides 111. We can also specify a number in another base b, and a number in base b is a Niven number if the sum of its digits divides its value. Given b (2 <= b <= 10) and a number in base b, determine whether it is a Niven number or not. Input Each line of input contains the base b, followed by a string of digits representing a positive integer in that base. There are no leading zeroes. The input is terminated by a line consisting of 0 alone. Output For each case, print "yes" on a line if the given number is a Niven number, and "no" otherwise. Sample Input 10 111 2 110 10 123 6 1000 8 2314 0 Sample Output yes yes no yes no
上传时间： 2015-05-21
上传用户：daguda
Many programs today suffer from the fact that their users have to connect using IP addresses. This is impossible for dialup users, whose IPs change all the time, and painful for LAN users who don t know their IP addresses or whose addresses also change. In addition, many collaborative programs could benefit from offering friends lists, showing friends as online or offline, providing status information. This kind of functionality is hard to provide, requiring a dedicated Internet database and a new client - client protocol. But it is offered today through a system called AwareNet, which is offered free of charge and royalty
标签： addresses programs connect suffer
上传时间： 2013-12-05
上传用户：CHENKAI
