Regulation is a pervasive feature of the telecommunications services industry today. Government-appointed regulators and judicial or quasi-judicial bodies oversee it in countries at all stages of economic development. Its primary purpose is to encourage, nourish and maintain competition in national and international telecommunications services markets. It is, therefore, a fundamental feature of the legal and commercial landscape within which network owners and service providers operate. The modern development of regulation may be traced to the liberalisation of the industry from national monopolies from the 1980s onwards.
标签： Telecommunications Regulation
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
Once upon a time, cellular wireless networks provided two basic services: voice telephony and low-rate text messaging. Users in the network were separated by orthogonal multiple access schemes, and cells by generous frequency reuse patterns [1]. Since then, the proliferation of wireless services, fierce competition, andthe emergenceof new service classes such as wireless data and multimediahave resulted in an ever increasing pressure on network operators to use resources in a moreefficient manner.In the contextof wireless networks,two of the most common resources are power and spectrum—and, due to regulations, these resources are typically scarce. Hence, in contrast to wired networks, overprovisioning is not feasible in wireless networks.
标签： Maximization Nonconvex Wireless Utility Systems in
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
The “bottom-line” metrics of cash flow, demand, price, and return on investment are driven by a second set of financial metrics represented by value to the customer, cost, and the pace of innovation. Get them right relative to competition and impressive bottom-line results should follow. Because of their importance, we call value to the customer, variable cost, and the pace of innovation the “fundamental metrics.”
标签： Planning Product Systems Driven Value and
上传时间： 2020-06-06
上传用户：shancjb
抢答器是一种智力竞赛常用的器件,抢答器的设计方法千差万别,文章利用常用的数字电子器件,设计了八路抢答器电路的设计、仿真及实现的全过程,提出两种可行的设计方案:方案1采用74ls373实现电路锁存,74ls148实现电路编码,74ls74及数码管实现电路显示;方案二采用CD4511BCN和LMC555CM集成电路及数码管实现抢答器的控制和显示。本文设计用的器件简单,容易理解,适用于初学电子技术的人员。Answer scrambler is a common device in intelligence competition, and its design methods vary greatly. This paper designs the whole process of design, simulation and Realization of the circuit of eight-way answer scrambler by using common digital electronic devices, and puts forward two feasible design schemes: scheme 1 uses 74 ls373 to realize circuit latching, 74 ls148 to realize circuit coding,74 ls74 and digital tube to realize circuit. The second scheme uses CD4511 BCN, LMC555 CM integrated circuit and digital tube to control and display the answerer. The device designed in this paper is simple and easy to understand, and it is suitable for the beginners of electronic technology.
标签： 抢答器
上传时间： 2022-04-05
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随着科技的发展，人们在日常生活中使用的电器越来越多，电子设备的电磁兼容性（EMC）也越来越重要。所以，人们对电子设备的电磁兼容性的要求也越来越严格，越来越规范。而在市场竞争中，如何降低成本、减少设备体积，是各电子设备制造厂家重点研究的课题。通过对开关电源的EMI滤波电路的类别和相应的技术特点进行分析，设计出一种既能提高性能，又能降低成本的滤波电路。With the development of technology, appliances people use in their daily lives, more and more electronic devices electromagnetic compatibility （ EMC ） has become increasingly important. So, people electromagnetic compatibility requirements of electronic devices have become increasingly stringent, more and more standardized. The competition in the market, how to reduce costs, reduce equipment size, is the subject of the electronic equipment manufacturer focused on research. Through the technical characteristics of the respective category and the EMI filter circuit switching power supply is analyzed both designed to improve a performance of the filter circuit can reduce the cost.
上传时间： 2022-04-23
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