Triangular mesh processing tool, currently very few people use this software, but it allows us to greatly reduce the time to deal with a lot of the grid.
标签: Triangular processing currently software
上传时间: 2013-12-09
上传用户:BOBOniu
Embedded microcontroller program (PicBasic) to implement RFID-based Medicine Teller system, used to inform the user about the time to take medicine, scanning RFID tags on the medicines, for elders use.
标签: microcontroller RFID-based implement Embedded
上传时间: 2017-07-04
上传用户:zhenyushaw
From the transition of analog to digital communication along with seamless mobility and high computing power of small handheld devices, the wireless communications industry has seen tremendous changes leading to the integration of several telecommunication networks, devices and services over last 30 years. The rate of this progress and growth has increased particularly in the past decade because people no longer use their devices and networks for voice only, but demand bundle contents such as data download/streaming, HDTV, HD video , 3D video conferencing with higher efficiency, seamless connectivity, intelligence, reliability and better user experience. Although the challenges facing service providers and telecommunication companies differ by product, region, market size, and their areas of concentration but time to market, efficient utilization of their assets and revenue expansion, have impacted significantly how to manage and conduct their business while maintaining sufficient margin.
标签: Convergence Networks Beyond 4G of
上传时间: 2020-05-26
上传用户:shancjb
随着半导体工艺的飞速发展和芯片设计水平的不断进步,ARM微处理器的性能得到大幅度地提高,同时其芯片的价格也在不断下降,嵌入式系统以其独有的优势,己经广泛地渗透到科学研究和日常生活的各个方面。 本文以ARM7 LPC2132处理器为核心,结合盖革一弥勒计数管对Time-To-Count辐射测量方法进行研究。ARM结构是基于精简指令集计算机(RISC)原理而设计的,其指令集和相关的译码机制比复杂指令集计算机要简单得多,使用一个小的、廉价的ARM微处理器就可实现很高的指令吞吐量和实时的中断响应。基于ARM7TDMI-S核的LPC2132微处理器,其工作频率可达到60MHz,这对于Time-To-Count技术是非常有利的,而且利用LPC2132芯片的定时/计数器引脚捕获功能,可以直接读取TC中的计数值,也就是说不再需要调用中断函数读取TC值,从而大大降低了计数前杂质时间。本文是在我师兄吕军的《Time-To-Count测量方法初步研究》基础上,使用了高速的ARM芯片,对基于MCS-51的Time-To-Count辐射测量系统进行了改进,进一步论证了采用高速ARM处理器芯片可以极大的提高G-M计数器的测量范围与测量精度。 首先,讨论了传统的盖革-弥勒计数管探测射线强度的方法,并指出传统的脉冲测量方法的不足。然后讨论了什么是Time-To-Count测量方法,对Time-To-Count测量方法的理论基础进行分析。指出Time-To-Count方法与传统的脉冲计数方法的区别,以及采用Time-To-Count方法进行辐射测量的可行性。 接着,详细论述基于ARM7 LPC2132处理器的Time-To-Count辐射测量仪的原理、功能、特点以及辐射测量仪的各部分接口电路设计及相关程序的编制。 最后得出结论,通过高速32位ARM处理器的使用,Time-To-Count辐射测量仪的精度和量程均得到很大的提高,对于Y射线总量测量,使用了ARM处理器的Time-To-Count辐射测量仪的量程约为20 u R/h到1R/h,数据线性程度也比以前的Time-To-CotJnt辐射测量仪要好。所以在使用Time-To-Count方法进行的辐射测量时,如何减少杂质时间以及如何提高计数前时间的测量精度,是决定Time-To-Count辐射测量仪性能的关键因素。实验用三只相同型号的J33G-M计数管分别作为探测元件,在100U R/h到lR/h的辐射场中进行试验.每个测量点测量5次取平均,得出随着照射量率的增大,辐射强度R的测量值偏小且与辐射真实值之间的误差也随之增大。如果将测量误差限定在10%的范围内,则此仪器的量程范围为20 u R/h至1R/h,量程跨度近六个数量级。而用J33型G-M计数管作常规的脉冲测量,量程范围约为50 u R/h到5000 u R/h,充分体现了运用Time-To-Count方法测量辐射强度的优越性,也从另一个角度反应了随着计数前时间的逐渐减小,杂质时间在其中的比重越来越大,对测量结果的影响也就越来越严重,尽可能的减小杂质时间在Time-To-Count方法辐射测量特别是测量高强度辐射中是关键的。笔者用示波器测出此辐射仪器的杂质时间约为6.5 u S,所以在计算定时器值的时候减去这个杂质时间,可以增加计数前时间的精确度。通过实验得出,在标定仪器的K值时,应该在照射量率较低的条件下行,而测得的计数前时间是否精确则需要在照射量率较高的条件下通过仪器标定来检验。这是因为在照射量率较低时,计数前时间较大,杂质时间对测量结果的影响不明显,数据线斜率较稳定,适宜于确定标定系数K值,而在照射量率较高时,计数前时间很小,杂质时间对测量结果的影响较大,可以明显的在数据线上反映出来,从而可以很好的反应出仪器的性能与量程。实验证明了Time-To-Count测量方法中最为关键的环节就是如何对计数前时间进行精确测量。经过对大量实验数据的分析,得到计数前时间中的杂质时间可分为硬件杂质时间和软件杂质时间,并以软件杂质时间为主,通过对程序进行合理优化,软件杂质时间可以通过程序的改进而减少,甚至可以用数学补偿的方法来抵消,从而可以得到比较精确的计数前时间,以此得到较精确的辐射强度值。对于本辐射仪,用户可以选择不同的工作模式来进行测量,当辐射场较弱时,通常采用规定次数测量的方式,在辐射场较强时,应该选用定时测量的方式。因为,当辐射场较弱时,如果用规定次数测量的方式,会浪费很多时间来采集足够的脉冲信号。当辐射场较强时,由于辐射粒子很多,产生脉冲的频率就很高,规定次数的测量会加大测量误差,当选用定时测量的方式时,由于时间的相对加长,所以记录的粒子数就相对的增加,从而提高仪器的测量精度。通过调研国内外先进核辐射测量仪器的发展现状,了解到了目前最新的核辐射总量测量技术一Time-To-Count理论及其应用情况。论证了该新技术的理论原理,根据此原理,结合高速处理器ARM7 LPC2132,对以G-计数管为探测元件的Time-To-Count辐射测量仪进行设计。论文以实验的方法论证了Time-To-Count原理测量核辐射方法的科学性,该辐射仪的量程和精度均优于以前以脉冲计数为基础理论的MCS-51核辐射测量仪。该辐射仪具有量程宽、精度高、易操作、用户界面友好等优点。用户可以定期的对仪器的标定,来减小由于电子元件的老化对低仪器性能参数造成的影响,通过Time-To-Count测量方法的使用,可以极大拓宽G-M计数管的量程。就仪器中使用的J33型G-M计数管而言,G-M计数管厂家参考线性测量范围约为50 u R/h到5000 u R/h,而用了Time-To-Count测量方法后,结合高速微处理器ARM7 LPC2132,此核辐射测量仪的量程为20 u R/h至1R/h。在允许的误差范围内,核辐射仪的量程比以前基于MCS-51的辐射仪提高了近200倍,而且精度也比传统的脉冲计数方法要高,测量结果的线性程度也比传统的方法要好。G-M计数管的使用寿命被大大延长。 综上所述,本文取得了如下成果:对国内外Time-To-Count方法的研究现状进行分析,指出了Time-To-Count测量方法的基本原理,并对Time-T0-Count方法理论进行了分析,推导出了计数前时间和两个相邻辐射粒子时间间隔之间的关系,从数学的角度论证了Time-To-Count方法的科学性。详细说明了基于ARM 7 LPC2132的Time-To-Count辐射测量仪的硬件设计、软件编程的过程,通过高速微处理芯片LPC2132的使用,成功完成了对基于MCS-51单片机的Time-To-Count测量仪的改进。改进后的辐射仪器具有量程宽、精度高、易操作、用户界面友好等特点。本论文根据实验结果总结出了Time-To-Count技术中的几点关键因素,如:处理器的频率、计数前时间、杂质时间、采样次数和测量时间等,重点分析了杂质时间的组成以及引入杂质时间的主要因素等,对国内核辐射测量仪的研究具有一定的指导意义。
标签: TimeToCount ARM 辐射测量仪
上传时间: 2013-06-24
上传用户:pinksun9
特点: 精确度0.1%满刻度 可作各式數學演算式功能如:A+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi or Lo)/|A|/ 16 BIT类比输出功能 输入与输出绝缘耐压2仟伏特/1分钟(input/output/power) 宽范围交直流兩用電源設計 尺寸小,穩定性高
上传时间: 2014-12-23
上传用户:ydd3625
高速数字系统设计下载pdf:High-Speed Digital SystemDesign—A Handbook ofInterconnect Theory and DesignPracticesStephen H. HallGarrett W. HallJames A. McCallA Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.New York • Chichester • Weinheim • Brisbane • Singapore • TorontoCopyright © 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.speeddigital systems at the platform level. The book walks the reader through everyrequired concept, from basic transmission line theory to digital timing analysis, high-speedmeasurement techniques, as well as many other topics. In doing so, a unique balancebetween theory and practical applications is achieved that will allow the reader not only tounderstand the nature of the problem, but also provide practical guidance to the solution.The level of theoretical understanding is such that the reader will be equipped to see beyondthe immediate practical application and solve problems not contained within these pages.Much of the information in this book has not been needed in past digital designs but isabsolutely necessary today. Most of the information covered here is not covered in standardcollege curricula, at least not in its focus on digital design, which is arguably one of the mostsignificant industries in electrical engineering.The focus of this book is on the design of robust high-volume, high-speed digital productssuch as computer systems, with particular attention paid to computer busses. However, thetheory presented is applicable to any high-speed digital system. All of the techniquescovered in this book have been applied in industry to actual digital products that have beensuccessfully produced and sold in high volume.Practicing engineers and graduate and undergraduate students who have completed basicelectromagnetic or microwave design classes are equipped to fully comprehend the theorypresented in this book. At a practical level, however, basic circuit theory is all thebackground required to apply the formulas in this book.
上传时间: 2013-10-26
上传用户:缥缈
特点(FEATURES) 精确度0.1%满刻度 (Accuracy 0.1%F.S.) 可作各式数学演算式功能如:A+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi or Lo)/|A| (Math functioA+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi&Lo)/|A|/etc.....) 16 BIT 类比输出功能(16 bit DAC isolating analog output function) 输入/输出1/输出2绝缘耐压2仟伏特/1分钟(Dielectric strength 2KVac/1min. (input/output1/output2/power)) 宽范围交直流两用电源设计(Wide input range for auxiliary power) 尺寸小,稳定性高(Dimension small and High stability)
上传时间: 2013-11-24
上传用户:541657925
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work forpersonal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies arenot made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copiesbear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, torepublish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specificpermission.
标签: 数字电源
上传时间: 2013-10-16
上传用户:dddddd
/*--------- 8051内核特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr ACC = 0xE0; //累加器 sfr B = 0xF0; //B 寄存器 sfr PSW = 0xD0; //程序状态字寄存器 sbit CY = PSW^7; //进位标志位 sbit AC = PSW^6; //辅助进位标志位 sbit F0 = PSW^5; //用户标志位0 sbit RS1 = PSW^4; //工作寄存器组选择控制位 sbit RS0 = PSW^3; //工作寄存器组选择控制位 sbit OV = PSW^2; //溢出标志位 sbit F1 = PSW^1; //用户标志位1 sbit P = PSW^0; //奇偶标志位 sfr SP = 0x81; //堆栈指针寄存器 sfr DPL = 0x82; //数据指针0低字节 sfr DPH = 0x83; //数据指针0高字节 /*------------ 系统管理特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr PCON = 0x87; //电源控制寄存器 sfr AUXR = 0x8E; //辅助寄存器 sfr AUXR1 = 0xA2; //辅助寄存器1 sfr WAKE_CLKO = 0x8F; //时钟输出和唤醒控制寄存器 sfr CLK_DIV = 0x97; //时钟分频控制寄存器 sfr BUS_SPEED = 0xA1; //总线速度控制寄存器 /*----------- 中断控制特殊功能寄存器 --------------*/ sfr IE = 0xA8; //中断允许寄存器 sbit EA = IE^7; //总中断允许位 sbit ELVD = IE^6; //低电压检测中断控制位 8051
上传时间: 2013-10-30
上传用户:yxgi5
TLC2543是TI公司的12位串行模数转换器,使用开关电容逐次逼近技术完成A/D转换过程。由于是串行输入结构,能够节省51系列单片机I/O资源;且价格适中,分辨率较高,因此在仪器仪表中有较为广泛的应用。 TLC2543的特点 (1)12位分辩率A/D转换器; (2)在工作温度范围内10μs转换时间; (3)11个模拟输入通道; (4)3路内置自测试方式; (5)采样率为66kbps; (6)线性误差±1LSBmax; (7)有转换结束输出EOC; (8)具有单、双极性输出; (9)可编程的MSB或LSB前导; (10)可编程输出数据长度。 TLC2543的引脚排列及说明 TLC2543有两种封装形式:DB、DW或N封装以及FN封装,这两种封装的引脚排列如图1,引脚说明见表1 TLC2543电路图和程序欣赏 #include<reg52.h> #include<intrins.h> #define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int sbit clock=P1^0; sbit d_in=P1^1; sbit d_out=P1^2; sbit _cs=P1^3; uchar a1,b1,c1,d1; float sum,sum1; double sum_final1; double sum_final; uchar duan[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f}; uchar wei[]={0xf7,0xfb,0xfd,0xfe}; void delay(unsigned char b) //50us { unsigned char a; for(;b>0;b--) for(a=22;a>0;a--); } void display(uchar a,uchar b,uchar c,uchar d) { P0=duan[a]|0x80; P2=wei[0]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[b]; P2=wei[1]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[c]; P2=wei[2]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[d]; P2=wei[3]; delay(5); P2=0xff; } uint read(uchar port) { uchar i,al=0,ah=0; unsigned long ad; clock=0; _cs=0; port<<=4; for(i=0;i<4;i++) { d_in=port&0x80; clock=1; clock=0; port<<=1; } d_in=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { clock=1; clock=0; } _cs=1; delay(5); _cs=0; for(i=0;i<4;i++) { clock=1; ah<<=1; if(d_out)ah|=0x01; clock=0; } for(i=0;i<8;i++) { clock=1; al<<=1; if(d_out) al|=0x01; clock=0; } _cs=1; ad=(uint)ah; ad<<=8; ad|=al; return(ad); } void main() { uchar j; sum=0;sum1=0; sum_final=0; sum_final1=0; while(1) { for(j=0;j<128;j++) { sum1+=read(1); display(a1,b1,c1,d1); } sum=sum1/128; sum1=0; sum_final1=(sum/4095)*5; sum_final=sum_final1*1000; a1=(int)sum_final/1000; b1=(int)sum_final%1000/100; c1=(int)sum_final%1000%100/10; d1=(int)sum_final%10; display(a1,b1,c1,d1); } }
上传时间: 2013-11-19
上传用户:shen1230