第一部分 信号完整性知识基础.................................................................................5第一章 高速数字电路概述.....................................................................................51.1 何为高速电路...............................................................................................51.2 高速带来的问题及设计流程剖析...............................................................61.3 相关的一些基本概念...................................................................................8第二章 传输线理论...............................................................................................122.1 分布式系统和集总电路.............................................................................122.2 传输线的RLCG 模型和电报方程...............................................................132.3 传输线的特征阻抗.....................................................................................142.3.1 特性阻抗的本质.................................................................................142.3.2 特征阻抗相关计算.............................................................................152.3.3 特性阻抗对信号完整性的影响.........................................................172.4 传输线电报方程及推导.............................................................................182.5 趋肤效应和集束效应.................................................................................232.6 信号的反射.................................................................................................252.6.1 反射机理和电报方程.........................................................................252.6.2 反射导致信号的失真问题.................................................................302.6.2.1 过冲和下冲.....................................................................................302.6.2.2 振荡:.............................................................................................312.6.3 反射的抑制和匹配.............................................................................342.6.3.1 串行匹配.........................................................................................352.6.3.1 并行匹配.........................................................................................362.6.3.3 差分线的匹配.................................................................................392.6.3.4 多负载的匹配.................................................................................41第三章 串扰的分析...............................................................................................423.1 串扰的基本概念.........................................................................................423.2 前向串扰和后向串扰.................................................................................433.3 后向串扰的反射.........................................................................................463.4 后向串扰的饱和.........................................................................................463.5 共模和差模电流对串扰的影响.................................................................483.6 连接器的串扰问题.....................................................................................513.7 串扰的具体计算.........................................................................................543.8 避免串扰的措施.........................................................................................57第四章 EMI 抑制....................................................................................................604.1 EMI/EMC 的基本概念..................................................................................604.2 EMI 的产生..................................................................................................614.2.1 电压瞬变.............................................................................................614.2.2 信号的回流.........................................................................................624.2.3 共模和差摸EMI ..................................................................................634.3 EMI 的控制..................................................................................................654.3.1 屏蔽.....................................................................................................654.3.1.1 电场屏蔽.........................................................................................654.3.1.2 磁场屏蔽.........................................................................................674.3.1.3 电磁场屏蔽.....................................................................................674.3.1.4 电磁屏蔽体和屏蔽效率.................................................................684.3.2 滤波.....................................................................................................714.3.2.1 去耦电容.........................................................................................714.3.2.3 磁性元件.........................................................................................734.3.3 接地.....................................................................................................744.4 PCB 设计中的EMI.......................................................................................754.4.1 传输线RLC 参数和EMI ........................................................................764.4.2 叠层设计抑制EMI ..............................................................................774.4.3 电容和接地过孔对回流的作用.........................................................784.4.4 布局和走线规则.................................................................................79第五章 电源完整性理论基础...............................................................................825.1 电源噪声的起因及危害.............................................................................825.2 电源阻抗设计.............................................................................................855.3 同步开关噪声分析.....................................................................................875.3.1 芯片内部开关噪声.............................................................................885.3.2 芯片外部开关噪声.............................................................................895.3.3 等效电感衡量SSN ..............................................................................905.4 旁路电容的特性和应用.............................................................................925.4.1 电容的频率特性.................................................................................935.4.3 电容的介质和封装影响.....................................................................955.4.3 电容并联特性及反谐振.....................................................................955.4.4 如何选择电容.....................................................................................975.4.5 电容的摆放及Layout ........................................................................99第六章 系统时序.................................................................................................1006.1 普通时序系统...........................................................................................1006.1.1 时序参数的确定...............................................................................1016.1.2 时序约束条件...................................................................................1063.2 高速设计的问题.......................................................................................2093.3 SPECCTRAQuest SI Expert 的组件.......................................................2103.3.1 SPECCTRAQuest Model Integrity .................................................2103.3.2 SPECCTRAQuest Floorplanner/Editor .........................................2153.3.3 Constraint Manager .......................................................................2163.3.4 SigXplorer Expert Topology Development Environment .......2233.3.5 SigNoise 仿真子系统......................................................................2253.3.6 EMControl .........................................................................................2303.3.7 SPECCTRA Expert 自动布线器.......................................................2303.4 高速设计的大致流程...............................................................................2303.4.1 拓扑结构的探索...............................................................................2313.4.2 空间解决方案的探索.......................................................................2313.4.3 使用拓扑模板驱动设计...................................................................2313.4.4 时序驱动布局...................................................................................2323.4.5 以约束条件驱动设计.......................................................................2323.4.6 设计后分析.......................................................................................233第四章 SPECCTRAQUEST SIGNAL EXPLORER 的进阶运用..........................................2344.1 SPECCTRAQuest Signal Explorer 的功能包括:................................2344.2 图形化的拓扑结构探索...........................................................................2344.3 全面的信号完整性(Signal Integrity)分析.......................................2344.4 完全兼容 IBIS 模型...............................................................................2344.5 PCB 设计前和设计的拓扑结构提取.......................................................2354.6 仿真设置顾问...........................................................................................2354.7 改变设计的管理.......................................................................................2354.8 关键技术特点...........................................................................................2364.8.1 拓扑结构探索...................................................................................2364.8.2 SigWave 波形显示器........................................................................2364.8.3 集成化的在线分析(Integration and In-process Analysis) .236第五章 部分特殊的运用...............................................................................2375.1 Script 指令的使用..................................................................................2375.2 差分信号的仿真.......................................................................................2435.3 眼图模式的使用.......................................................................................249第四部分:HYPERLYNX 仿真工具使用指南............................................................251第一章 使用LINESIM 进行前仿真.......................................................................2511.1 用LineSim 进行仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2511.2 处理信号完整性原理图的具体问题.......................................................2591.3 在LineSim 中如何对传输线进行设置...................................................2601.4 在LineSim 中模拟IC 元件.....................................................................2631.5 在LineSim 中进行串扰仿真...................................................................268第二章 使用BOARDSIM 进行后仿真......................................................................2732.1 用BOARDSIM 进行后仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2732.2 BoardSim 的进一步介绍..........................................................................2922.3 BoardSim 中的串扰仿真..........................................................................309
上传时间: 2014-04-18
上传用户:wpt
特点(FEATURES) 精确度0.1%满刻度 (Accuracy 0.1%F.S.) 可作各式数学演算式功能如:A+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi or Lo)/|A| (Math functioA+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi&Lo)/|A|/etc.....) 16 BIT 类比输出功能(16 bit DAC isolating analog output function) 输入/输出1/输出2绝缘耐压2仟伏特/1分钟(Dielectric strength 2KVac/1min. (input/output1/output2/power)) 宽范围交直流两用电源设计(Wide input range for auxiliary power) 尺寸小,稳定性高(Dimension small and High stability)
上传时间: 2013-11-24
上传用户:541657925
/*--------- 8051内核特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr ACC = 0xE0; //累加器 sfr B = 0xF0; //B 寄存器 sfr PSW = 0xD0; //程序状态字寄存器 sbit CY = PSW^7; //进位标志位 sbit AC = PSW^6; //辅助进位标志位 sbit F0 = PSW^5; //用户标志位0 sbit RS1 = PSW^4; //工作寄存器组选择控制位 sbit RS0 = PSW^3; //工作寄存器组选择控制位 sbit OV = PSW^2; //溢出标志位 sbit F1 = PSW^1; //用户标志位1 sbit P = PSW^0; //奇偶标志位 sfr SP = 0x81; //堆栈指针寄存器 sfr DPL = 0x82; //数据指针0低字节 sfr DPH = 0x83; //数据指针0高字节 /*------------ 系统管理特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr PCON = 0x87; //电源控制寄存器 sfr AUXR = 0x8E; //辅助寄存器 sfr AUXR1 = 0xA2; //辅助寄存器1 sfr WAKE_CLKO = 0x8F; //时钟输出和唤醒控制寄存器 sfr CLK_DIV = 0x97; //时钟分频控制寄存器 sfr BUS_SPEED = 0xA1; //总线速度控制寄存器 /*----------- 中断控制特殊功能寄存器 --------------*/ sfr IE = 0xA8; //中断允许寄存器 sbit EA = IE^7; //总中断允许位 sbit ELVD = IE^6; //低电压检测中断控制位 8051
上传时间: 2013-10-30
上传用户:yxgi5
#include<iom16v.h> #include<macros.h> #define uint unsigned int #define uchar unsigned char uint a,b,c,d=0; void delay(c) { for for(a=0;a<c;a++) for(b=0;b<12;b++); }; uchar tab[]={ 0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,
上传时间: 2013-10-21
上传用户:13788529953
为解决输油管道温度压力参数实时监测的问题,设计了以C8051F930单片机作为控制核心的超低功耗输油管道温度压力远程监测系统。现场仪表使用高精度电桥采集数据,通过433 MHz短距离无线通信网络与远程终端RTU进行通信,RTU通过GPRS网络与PC上位机进行远程数据传输,在上位机中实现数据存储和图形化界面显示,从而实现输油管道温度压力参数的实时监测和异常报警。经实验证明,该系统的12位数据采集精度满足设计要求,漏码率小于1%,正常工作时间超过5个月,能实时有效地监测输油管道的温度压力参数,节省大量人工成本,有效预防管道参数异常造成的经济损失和环境污染。 Abstract: In order to solve the problems on real-time monitoring of pipeline temperature and pressure parameters, the ultra-low power remote pipeline temperature and pressure monitoring system was designed by using the single chip processor C8051F930 as the control core. The high-precision electric bridge was used in field instruments for data collection, the 433MHz short-range wireless communication network was used to make communication between field instrument and RTU, the GPRS was used by the RTU to transmit data to the PC host computer, and the data was stored and displayed in the PC host computer, so the real-time monitoring and exception alerts of pipeline temperature and pressure parameters were achieved. The experiment proves that the system of which error rate is less than 1% over five months working with the 12-bit data acquisition accuracy can effectively monitor the pipeline temperature and pressure parameters in real time, it saves a lot of labor costs and effectively prevents environmental pollution and economic losses caused by abnormal channel parameters.
上传时间: 2013-11-07
上传用户:cuibaigao
摘要: 串行传输技术具有更高的传输速率和更低的设计成本, 已成为业界首选, 被广泛应用于高速通信领域。提出了一种新的高速串行传输接口的设计方案, 改进了Aurora 协议数据帧格式定义的弊端, 并采用高速串行收发器Rocket I/O, 实现数据率为2.5 Gbps的高速串行传输。关键词: 高速串行传输; Rocket I/O; Aurora 协议 为促使FPGA 芯片与串行传输技术更好地结合以满足市场需求, Xilinx 公司适时推出了内嵌高速串行收发器RocketI/O 的Virtex II Pro 系列FPGA 和可升级的小型链路层协议———Aurora 协议。Rocket I/O支持从622 Mbps 至3.125 Gbps的全双工传输速率, 还具有8 B/10 B 编解码、时钟生成及恢复等功能, 可以理想地适用于芯片之间或背板的高速串行数据传输。Aurora 协议是为专有上层协议或行业标准的上层协议提供透明接口的第一款串行互连协议, 可用于高速线性通路之间的点到点串行数据传输, 同时其可扩展的带宽, 为系统设计人员提供了所需要的灵活性[4]。但该协议帧格式的定义存在弊端,会导致系统资源的浪费。本文提出的设计方案可以改进Aurora 协议的固有缺陷,提高系统性能, 实现数据率为2.5 Gbps 的高速串行传输, 具有良好的可行性和广阔的应用前景。
上传时间: 2013-11-06
上传用户:smallfish
随着GPS、GALILEO、GLONASS以及我国北斗导航定位系统的不断发展,基于多星座下的GNSS接收机自主完好性监测算法也已被国内外学者广泛研究。本文首先介绍了接收机自主完好性监测(RAIM)算法的原理,然后分别对单星座、多星座组合下的RAIM算法进行了研究和仿真,图形化和数据化的仿真结果充分证明了多星座组合下的完好性监测性能优于单星座下完好性监测性能。
上传时间: 2013-11-11
上传用户:止絮那夏
提出一种基于S3C2410和Linux的智能家居系统的设计,该系统通过ARM9微处理器和各种传感器模块实现温湿度的采集显示和控制、入侵防盗检测、液化气泄露检测;通过GPRS通讯将烟雾、煤气、红外等传感器的异常报警信息以短信方式通知用户;结合嵌入式Web服务器和CGI技术,以及USB摄像头的使用,通过连接PC实现实时远程视频、传感器数据信息的监控;同时通过QT-embedded GUI编写的GUI程序,可以将室内各种传感器采集的各项参数,以图形化的方式显示到LCD触摸屏上,实现本地监控。通过测试,该系统运行稳定、可靠,便于实际应用,市场前景广阔。
上传时间: 2013-11-19
上传用户:sqq
针对目前余度管理软件开发过程中普遍采用手工编码,可靠性和效率较低,验证工作量大,软件开发周期较长,成本高等问题,本文采用基于SCADE的图形化建模开发方法和自动代码生成技术生成高可靠嵌入式实时代码,免去代码的测试单元,缩短开发周期,安全性高,在工程应用中大大节省了开发成本,并很好的保证了余度管理系统的稳定性和安全性。
上传时间: 2013-11-04
上传用户:tuilp1a
labview 虚拟仪器入门labview 程序又称虚拟仪器,即VI,其外观和操作类似于真实的物理仪器(如示波器和万用表)。labview拥有一整套工具用于数据采集、分析、显示和存储数据,以及解决用户编写代码中可能出现的问题。labview 提供众多输入控件和显示控件用于创建用户界面,即前面板。输入控件是指旋钮、按钮、转盘等输入装置。显示控件是指图形、指示灯等输出显示装置。创建用户界面后,可用VI和结构来添加代码,从而控制前面板对象。labview 的图形化源代码在某种程度上类似于流程图,labview 可与一些硬件(如数据采集、视觉、运动控制设备、GPIB、PXI、VXI、RS232 以及RS485等仪器)进行通信。
上传时间: 2013-11-16
上传用户:gxf2016