📄 nmea 0183 ++-
字号:
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<td bgColor=#ffffff><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; LINE-HEIGHT: 25px; LETTER-SPACING: 1px"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>NMEA 0183是一种航海、海运方面有关于数字信号传递的标准，此标准定义了电子信号所需要的传输协议，传输数据时间、并且指明了信息格式需要一个4800bps的串行数据接口。<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>NMEA 0183的设备使用了一个如下图的串行接口的参数选择：<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>Baud Rate<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>4800<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>Data Bits<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>8(d7=0)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>Parity<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>None<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>Stop Bits<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>One(or more)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>设备需要有信息源和接收端，传送端发送数据到另一个<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>NMEA 0183的设备，信息源和接收端分别用来传送和接受8位ASCII码的数据。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT face=宋体><FONT size=2><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>信息格式：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>NMEA 0183的信息格式一般如下所示，<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><I><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2>$aaaaa,df1,df2,....[CR][LF]<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>所有的信息由<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>$开始，以换行结束，紧跟着$后的五个字符解释了信息的基本类型，多重的信息之间用逗号隔开。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>下面是三种基本的类型：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; tab-stops: list 21.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings">Ø<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">信息源</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; tab-stops: list 21.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings">Ø<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">查询<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; tab-stops: list 21.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings">Ø<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">属性<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信息源：</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>它的标准格式为<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><I><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2>$ttsss,df1,df2,....[CR][LF]<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>在紧随<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>$后的两个字符用来识别做为信息内容识别码的后3个字符，信息识别码定义了保留的数据区，在NMEA 0183标准下，每个类型的数据区的信息内容是符合标准的。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>例：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US> <I>$HCHDM,238,M[CR][LF]</I></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>标明“<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>HC”说明信息源作为一个磁性的罗盘，“HDM” 指明以下是磁性的船首向航向，238是船首向航向的值，M指明船首向航向的值是磁性的。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>查询内容<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">查询意味着接受端需要从信息源那里得到一个有规律的内容，例如，我们可以发一个</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">信息给</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GPS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接受器请求传送一个</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DISTANCE-TO-WAYPOINT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的信息，得到响应后，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GPS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接受器会发送请求的内容，直到接到别的请求。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>一般格式为：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><I><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2>$ttllQ,sss,[CR][LF]<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>头两个字符做为请求者的信息源的识别码，后两个字符作为被查询的设备的信息识别，最后一个字符说明这是一个查询信息。紧跟着的字段（<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>sss）包含了三个字的被查询内容的记忆信息，如下<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US> <I>$CCGPQ,GGA[CR][LF]</I></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT size=2>说明“<SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体>CC”这个设备(计算机)正从 “GP”这个设备(GPS)查询GGA的内容。GPS将每隔一秒传送这个内容，直到有别的查询请求。<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
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