rinex211.txt

读取GPS的Rinex观测文件

Survey, Rockville.

Gurtner, W., G. Mader (1990): "The RINEX Format: Current Status, Future
Developments." Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of Precise
Positioning with the Global Positioning system, pp. 977ff, Ottawa.

Gurtner, W., G. Mader (1990):  "Receiver Independent Exchange Format
Version 2." CSTG GPS Bulletin Vol.3 No.3, Sept/Oct 1990, National Geodetic
Survey, Rockville.

Gurtner, W. (1994): "RINEX: The Receiver-Independent Exchange Format."
GPS World, Volume 5, Number 7, July 1994.

Gurtner, W. (2002): "RINEX: The Receiver Independent Exchange Format           |         
Version 2.10". ftp://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/rinex210.txt         |

Ray, J., W. Gurtner (1999): "RINEX Extensions to Handle Clock Information".    |
ftp://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/rinex_clock.txt                     |

Suard, N., W. Gurtner, L. Estey (2004): "Proposal for a new RINEX-type         |
Exchange File for GEO SBAS Broadcast Data".                                    |
ftp://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/geo_sbas.txt                        |

Document RTCA DO 229, Appendix A                                               |



APPENDIX: RINEX VERSION 2.11 FORMAT DEFINITIONS AND EXAMPLES

 +----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 |                                   TABLE A1                                 |
 |          GNSS OBSERVATION DATA FILE - HEADER SECTION DESCRIPTION           ||
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |    HEADER LABEL    |               DESCRIPTION                |   FORMAT   |
 |  (Columns 61-80)   |                                          |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |RINEX VERSION / TYPE| - Format version (2.11)                  | F9.2,11X,  ||
 |                    | - File type ('O' for Observation Data)   |   A1,19X,  |
 |                    | - Satellite System: blank or 'G': GPS    |   A1,19X   |
 |                    |                     'R': GLONASS         |            |
 |                    |                     'S': Geostationary   |            |
 |                    |                          signal payload  |            |
 |                    |                     'E': Galileo         |            |
 |                    |                     'M': Mixed           |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |PGM / RUN BY / DATE | - Name of program creating current file  |     A20,   |
 |                    | - Name of agency  creating current file  |     A20,   |
 |                    | - Date of file creation                  |     A20    |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|COMMENT             | Comment line(s)                          |     A60    |*
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |MARKER NAME         | Name of antenna marker                   |     A60    |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|MARKER NUMBER       | Number of antenna marker                 |     A20    |*
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |OBSERVER / AGENCY   | Name of observer / agency                |   A20,A40  |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |REC # / TYPE / VERS | Receiver number, type, and version       |    3A20    |
 |                    | (Version: e.g. Internal Software Version)|            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |ANT # / TYPE        | Antenna number and type                  |    2A20    |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |APPROX POSITION XYZ | Approximate marker position (WGS84)      |   3F14.4   |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |ANTENNA: DELTA H/E/N| - Antenna height: Height of bottom       |   3F14.4   |
 |                    |   surface of antenna above marker        |            |
 |                    | - Eccentricities of antenna center       |            |
 |                    |   relative to marker to the east         |            |
 |                    |   and north (all units in meters)        |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|WAVELENGTH FACT L1/2| - Default wavelength factors for         |            |*
 |                    |   L1 and L2 (GPS only)                   |    2I6,    ||
 |                    |   1:  Full cycle ambiguities             |            |
 |                    |   2:  Half cycle ambiguities (squaring)  |            |
 |                    |   0 (in L2): Single frequency instrument |            |
 |                    | - zero or blank                          |     I6     |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | The wavelength factor record is optional |            ||
 |                    | for GPS and obsolete for other systems.  |            ||
 |                    | Wavelength factors default to 1.         |            ||
 |                    | If the record exists it must precede any |            ||
 |                    | satellite-specific records (see below).  |            ||
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|WAVELENGTH FACT L1/2| - Wavelength factors for L1 and L2 (GPS) |    2I6,    |*
 |                    |   1:  Full cycle ambiguities             |            |
 |                    |   2:  Half cycle ambiguities (squaring)  |            |
 |                    |   0 (in L2): Single frequency instrument |            |
 |                    | - Number of satellites to follow in list |     I6,    |
 |                    |   for which these factors are valid.     |            |
 |                    | - List of PRNs (satellite numbers with   | 7(3X,A1,I2)|
 |                    |   system identifier)                     |            |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | These optional satellite specific lines  |            |
 |                    | may follow, if they identify a state     |            |
 |                    | different from the default values.       |            |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | Repeat record if necessary.              |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |# / TYPES OF OBSERV | - Number of different observation types  |     I6,    |
 |                    |   stored in the file                     |            |
 |                    | - Observation types                      |            |
 |                    |   - Observation code                     | 9(4X,A1,   ||
 |                    |   - Frequency code                       |         A1)||
 |                    |   If more than 9 observation types:      |            ||
 |                    |     Use continuation line(s)             |6X,9(4X,2A1)||
 |                    |                                          |            ||
 |                    | The following observation types are      |            ||
 |                    | defined in RINEX Version 2.11:           |            ||
 |                    |                                          |            ||
 |                    | Observation code (use uppercase only):   |            ||
 |                    |   C: Pseudorange  GPS: C/A, L2C          |            ||
 |                    |                   Glonass: C/A           |            ||
 |                    |                   Galileo: All           |            ||
 |                    |   P: Pseudorange  GPS and Glonass: P code|            ||
 |                    |   L: Carrier phase                       |            ||
 |                    |   D: Doppler frequency                   |            ||
 |                    |   S: Raw signal strengths or SNR values  |            ||
 |                    |      as given by the receiver for the    |            ||
 |                    |      respective phase observations       |            ||
 |                    |                                          |            ||
 |                    | Frequency code                           |            ||
 |                    |      GPS    Glonass   Galileo    SBAS    |            ||
 |                    |   1:  L1       G1     E2-L1-E1    L1     |            ||
 |                    |   2:  L2       G2        --       --     |            ||
 |                    |   5:  L5       --        E5a      L5     |            ||
 |                    |   6:  --       --        E6       --     |            ||
 |                    |   7:  --       --        E5b      --     |            ||
 |                    |   8:  --       --       E5a+b     --     |            ||
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | Observations collected under Antispoofing|            |
 |                    | are converted to "L2" or "P2" and flagged|            |
 |                    | with bit 2 of loss of lock indicator     |            |
 |                    | (see Table A2).                          |            |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | Units : Phase       : full cycles        |            |
 |                    |         Pseudorange : meters             |            |
 |                    |         Doppler     : Hz                 |            |
 |                    |         SNR etc     : receiver-dependent |            |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | The sequence of the types in this record |            |
 |                    | has to correspond to the sequence of the |            |
 |                    | observations in the observation records  |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|INTERVAL            | Observation interval in seconds          |   F10.3    |*
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |TIME OF FIRST OBS   | - Time of first observation record       | 5I6,F13.7, |
 |                    |   (4-digit-year, month,day,hour,min,sec) |            |
 |                    | - Time system: GPS (=GPS time system)    |   5X,A3    |
 |                    |                GLO (=UTC time system)    |            |
 |                    |                GAL (=Galileo System Time)|            ||
 |                    |   Compulsory in mixed GPS/GLONASS files  |            |
 |                    |   Defaults: GPS for pure GPS files       |            |
 |                    |             GLO for pure GLONASS files   |            |
 |                    |             GAL for pure Galileo files   |            ||
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|TIME OF LAST OBS    | - Time of last  observation record       | 5I6,F13.7, |*
 |                    |   (4-digit-year, month,day,hour,min,sec) |            |
 |                    | - Time system: Same value as in          |   5X,A3    |
 |                    |                TIME OF FIRST OBS record  |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|RCV CLOCK OFFS APPL | Epoch, code, and phase are corrected by  |     I6     |*
 |                    | applying the realtime-derived receiver   |            |
 |                    | clock offset: 1=yes, 0=no; default: 0=no |            |
 |                    | Record required if clock offsets are     |            |
 |                    | reported in the EPOCH/SAT records        |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|LEAP SECONDS        | Number of leap seconds since 6-Jan-1980  |     I6     |*
 |                    | Recommended for mixed files              |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|# OF SATELLITES     | Number of satellites, for which          |     I6     |*
 |                    | observations are stored in the file      |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
*|PRN / # OF OBS      | PRN (sat.number), number of observations |3X,A1,I2,9I6|*
 |                    | for each observation type indicated      |            |
 |                    | in the "# / TYPES OF OBSERV" - record.   |            |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    |   If more than 9 observation types:      |            |
 |                    |   Use continuation line(s)               |   6X,9I6   |
 |                    |                                          |            |
 |                    | This record is (these records are)       |            |
 |                    | repeated for each satellite present in   |            |
 |                    | the data file                            |            |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+
 |END OF HEADER       | Last record in the header section.       |    60X     |
 +--------------------+------------------------------------------+------------+

                        Records marked with * are optional


 +----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 |                                   TABLE A2                                 |
 |            GNSS OBSERVATION DATA FILE - DATA RECORD DESCRIPTION            ||
 +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
 | OBS. RECORD | DESCRIPTION                                     |   FORMAT   |
 +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
 | EPOCH/SAT   | - Epoch :                                       |            |
 |     or      |   - year (2 digits, padded with 0 if necessary) |  1X,I2.2,  |
 | EVENT FLAG  |   - month,day,hour,min,                         |  4(1X,I2), |
 |             |   - sec                                         |   F11.7,   |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             | - Epoch flag 0: OK                              |   2X,I1,   |
 |             |              1: power failure between           |            |
 |             |                 previous and current epoch      |            |
 |             |             >1: Event flag                      |            |
 |             | - Number of satellites in current epoch         |     I3,    |
 |             | - List of PRNs (sat.numbers with system         | 12(A1,I2), |
 |             |   identifier, see 5.1) in current epoch         |            |
 |             | - receiver clock offset (seconds, optional)     |   F12.9    |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             |   If more than 12 satellites: Use continuation  |    32X,    |
 |             |   line(s)                                       | 12(A1,I2)  |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             | If epoch flag  2-5:                             |            |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             |   - Event flag:                                 |  [2X,I1,]  |
 |             |     2: start moving antenna                     |            |
 |             |     3: new site occupation (end of kinem. data) |            |
 |             |        (at least MARKER NAME record follows)    |            |
 |             |     4: header information follows               |            |
 |             |     5: external event (epoch is significant,    |            |
 |             |        same time frame as observation time tags)|            |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             |   - "Number of satellites" contains number of   |    [I3]    |
 |             |     special records to follow.                  |            |
 |             |     Maximum number of records: 999              |            |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             |   - For events without significant epoch the    |            |
 |             |     epoch fields can be left blank              |            |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             | If epoch flag = 6:                              |            |
 |             |     6: cycle slip records follow to optionally  |            |
 |             |        report detected and repaired cycle slips |            |
 |             |        (same format as OBSERVATIONS records;    |            |
 |             |         slip instead of observation; LLI and    |            |
 |             |         signal strength blank or zero)          |            |
 +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+------------+
 |OBSERVATIONS | - Observation      | rep. within record for     |  m(F14.3,  |
 |             | - LLI              | each obs.type (same seq    |     I1,    |
 |             | - Signal strength  | as given in header)        |     I1)    |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             | If more than 5 observation types (=80 char):    |            |
 |             | continue observations in next record.           |            |
 |             |                                                 |            |
 |             | This record is (these records ar