dlt 559-94.html

电气专业设计规范

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.5.4<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>继电保护在满足选择性的条件下，应尽量加快动作时间和缩短时间级差。可以针对不同的保护配合关系和选用的时间元件性能，选取不同的时间级差。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P>2.6 继电保护的灵敏性</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.6.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对于纵联保护，在被保护范围末端发生金属性故障时，应有足够的灵敏度。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.6.2<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>相间故障保护最末一段</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>例如距离Ⅲ段</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的动作灵敏度，应按躲过最大负荷电流选取</span>(<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>最大负荷电流值由运行方式部门提供</span>)<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.6.3<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>接地故障保护最末一段</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>例如零序电流Ⅳ段</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，应以适应下述短路点接地电阻值的接地故障为整定条件：</span>220kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>线路，</span>100<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>Ω；</span>330kV<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>线路，</span>150<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ω；</span>500kV<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>线路，</span>300<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ω。对应于上述条件，零序电流保护最末一段的动作电流定值应不大于</span>300A<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。当线路末端发生高电阻接地故障时，允许由两侧线路继电保护装置纵续</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>动作切除故障。</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.6.4<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在同一套保护装置中，闭锁、起动、方向判别和选相等辅助元件的动作灵敏度，应大于所控制的测量、判别等主要元件的动作灵敏度。例如，零序功率方向元件的灵敏度，应大于被控零序电流保护的灵敏度。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.6.5<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>采用远后备保护方式时，上一级线路或变压器的后备保护整定值，应保证当下一级线路末端故障或变压器对侧母线故障时有足够灵敏度。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P>2.7 继电保护的选择性</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>全线瞬时动作的保护或保护的速断段的整定值，应保证在被保护范围外部故障时可靠不动作。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.2<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>上、下级</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>包括同级和上一级及下一级电力系统</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>继电保护之间的整定，应遵循逐级配合的原则，满足选择性的要求：即当下一级线路或元件故障时，故障线路或元件的继电保护整定值必须在灵敏度和动作时间上均与上一级线路或元件的继电保护整定值相互配合，以保证电网发生故障时有选择性地切除故障。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.3<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对于配置了两套全线速动保护的</span>220kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>密集型电网的线路，带延时的线路后备保护第二段，如果需要，可与相邻线路全线速动保护相配合，按可靠躲过相邻线路末端短路故障整定。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.4<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对大型发电厂的配出线路，必要时应校核在线路发生单相接地故障情况下，线路接地故障后备保护与发电机负序电流保护之间的选择性配合关系。如果配合困难，宜适当提高线路接地故障后备保护的动作灵敏度以满足选择性要求。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.5<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>当线路保护装置拒动时，只允许相邻上一级的线路保护越级动作，切除故障；当断路器拒动</span>(<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>只考虑一相断路器拒动</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，且断路器失灵保护动作时，应保留一组母线运行</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>双母线接线</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>或允许多失去一个元件</span>(<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>一个半断路器接线</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。为此，接地故障保护第二段的动作时间应比断路器拒动时的全部故障切除时间大</span>0.25<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>～</span>0.3s<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>；对相间距离保护第二段，则无此要求。</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.7.6<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在某些运行方式下，允许适当地牺牲部分选择性，例如对终端供电变压器、串联供电线路、预定的解列线路等情况。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.8<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>如采取各种措施后，继电保护的选择性、灵敏性和速动性仍不能满足规定的要求时，应与调度运行部门协商，采取其它合理措施。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P>2.9 振荡闭锁装置的运行整定</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.9.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>除了预定解列点外，不允许保护装置在系统振荡时误动作跳闸。如果没有本电网的具体数据，除大区系统间的弱联系联络线外，系统最长振荡周期可按</span>1.5s<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>考虑。</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>