dlt 559-94.html

电气专业设计规范

"Times New Roman"'>尽量照顾局部电网和下级电网的需要。</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>1.6<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>继电保护装置能否充分发挥作用，继电保护整定是否合理，继电保护方式能否简化，从而达到电网安全运行的最终目的，与电网运行方式的安排密切相关。为此，继电保护部门与调度运行部门应当相互协调，密切配合。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>1.7<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>继电保护和二次回路的设计和布置，应当满足电网安全运行要求，并便于整定、运行操作、运行维护和检修调试。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>1.8<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>为了提高和改善电网的继电保护运行水平，继电保护运行整定人员应当及时总结经验，有责任对继电保护的配置和装置性能等提出改进建议和要求。电网的继电保护部门有责任制订相关细则，以便制造、设计和施工部门有所遵循。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>1.9<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对继电保护在特殊运行方式下的处理，应经所在单位总工程师批准，并备案说明。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>1.10<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>本规程由电力工业部国家电力调度通信中心负责解释。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P><A NAME="A2"></A>2.继电保护运行整定的基本原则</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span>220kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>及以上电网的继电保护，必须满足可靠性、速动性、选择性及灵敏性的基本要求。可靠性由继电保护装置的合理配置、本身的技术性能和质量以及正常的运行维护来保证；速动性由配置的全线速动保护、相间和接地故障的速断段保护以及电流速断保护取得保证；通过继电保护运行整定，实现选择性和灵敏性的要求，并处理运行中对快速切除故障的特殊要求。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.2<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>电力系统稳定运行主要由符合</span>SD131<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>—</span>84<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>《电力系统技术导则</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>试行</span>)<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>》要求的电网结构、符合《电力系统安全稳定导则》要求的电力系统运行方式和按</span>SDJ6<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>—</span>83<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>《继电保护和安全自动装置技术规程》要求配置的速动保护</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>全线速动保护、相间与接地故障的速断段保护</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，在正常运行整定情况下，快速切除本线路的金属性短路故障来获得保证。相间和接地故障的延时段后备保护主要应保证选择性和灵敏性</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>要求。</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.3<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对</span>330<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>～</span>500kV<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>电网和联系不强的</span>220kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>电网，在保证继电保护可靠动作的前提下，重点应防止继电保护装置的非选择性动作；而对于联系紧密的</span>220kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>电网，重点应保证继电保护装置的可靠快速动作。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P>2.4 继电保护的可靠性</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.4.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>任何电力设备</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>线路、母线、变压器等</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>都不允许在无继电保护的状态下运行；所有运行设备都必须由两套交、直流输入和输出回路相互独立，并分别控制不同断路器的继电保护装置进行保护。当任一套继电保护装置或任一组断路器拒绝动作时，能由另一套继电保护装置操作另一组断路器切除故障。在所有情况下，要求这两套继电保护装置和断路器所取的直流电源都由不同的熔断器供电。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.4.2<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对于</span>220kV<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>及以上电力系统的线路继电保护，一般采用近后备保护方式，即当故障元件的一套继电保护装置拒动时，由相互独立的另一套继电保护装置动作切除故障；而当断路器拒动时，起动断路器失灵保护，断开与故障元件所接入母线相连的所有其他连接电源的断路器。有条件时可采用远后备保护方式，即故障元件所对应的继电保护装置或断路器拒绝动作时，由电源侧最邻近故障元件的上一级继电保护装置动作切除故障。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.4.3<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对配置两套全线速动保护的线路，在线路保护装置检修、定期校验和双母线带旁路接线方式中旁路断路器代替线路断路器运行等各种情况下，至少应保证有一套全线速动保护投运。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.4.4<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对于</span>220kV<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>及以上电力系统的母线，母线差动保护是其主保护，变压器或线路后备保护是其后备保护。如果没有母线差动保护，则必须由对母线故障有灵敏度的变压器后备保护或</span>/<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>及线路后备保护充任母线的主保护及后备保护。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<P>2.5 继电保护的速动性</P>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.5.1<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>配置的全线速动保护、相间和接地故障的速断段保护动作时间取决于装置本身的技术性能。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.5.2<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>下一级电压母线配出线路的故障切除时间，应满足上一级电压电网继电保护部门按系统稳定要求和继电保护整定配合需要提出的整定限额要求；下一级电压电网应按照上一级电压电网规定的整定限额要求进行整定，必要时，为保证电网安全和重要用户供电，可设置适当的解列点，以便缩短故障切除时间。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none'>2.5.3<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>手动合闸和自动重合于母线或线路时，应有确定的速动保护快速动作切除故障。合闸时短时投入的专用保护应予整定。</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>