rfc1237.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

    
    
    
    
    Network Working Group                            Richard Colella (NIST)
    Request for Comments: 1237                         Ella Gardner (Mitre)
                                                          Ross Callon (DEC)
                                                                  July 1991
    
    
               Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet
    
    
    
    Status of This Memo
    
    
    This RFC specifies an IAB standards track protocol for the Internet
    community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
    Please refer to the current edition of the ``IAB Official Protocol
    Standards'' for the standardization state and status of this protocol.
    Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
    
    

    
    
                                     Abstract
    
    
    
    The Internet is moving towards a multi-protocol environment that
    includes OSI. To support OSI in the Internet, an OSI lower layers
    infrastructure is required. This infrastructure comprises the
    connectionless network protocol (CLNP) and supporting routing
    protocols. Also required as part of this infrastructure are guidelines
    for network service access point (NSAP) address assignment. This paper
    provides guidelines for allocating NSAPs in the Internet.
    
    
    This document provides our current best judgment for the allocation
    of NSAP addresses in the Internet. This is intended to guide initial
    deployment of OSI 8473 (Connectionless Network Layer Protocol) in
    the Internet, as well as to solicit comments. It is expected that
    these guidelines may be further refined and this document updated as a
    result of experience gained during this initial deployment.
    
    
    
    
    
    RFC 1237  Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet  July 1991
    
    
    
    Contents
    
    
    
    1   Introduction                                                      4
    
    
    2   Scope                                                             4
    
    
    3   Background                                                        6
    
        3.1 OSI Routing Standards  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .     7
    
        3.2 Overview of DIS10589    . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .     8
    
        3.3 Requirements of DIS10589 on NSAPs  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    11
    
    
    4   NSAP and Routing                                                 13
    
    
    5   NSAP Administration and Routing in the Internet                  17
    
        5.1 Administration at the Area   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    19
    
        5.2 Administration at the Leaf Routing Domain   .  .  .  .  .    21
    
        5.3 Administration at the Transit Routing Domain   .  .  .  .    21
    
            5.3.1  Regionals  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .    22
    
            5.3.2  Backbones  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .    23
    
        5.4 Multi-homed Routing Domains  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    24
    
        5.5 Private Links  .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    29
    
        5.6 Zero-Homed Routing Domains   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    30
    
        5.7 Transition Issues    .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    31
    
    
    
    6   Recommendations                                                  34
    
        6.1 Recommendations Specific to U.S. Parts of the Internet  .    35
    
    
    
    Colella, Gardner, & Callon                                     [Page 2]
    
    
    
    
    
    RFC 1237  Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet  July 1991
    
    
    
        6.2 Recommendations Specific to Non-U.S. Parts of the Internet   37
    
        6.3 Recommendations for Multi-Homed Routing Domains   .  .  .    37
    
    
    7   Security Considerations                                          38
    
    
    8   Authors' Addresses                                               39
    
    
    9   Acknowledgments                                                  39
    
    
    A   Administration of NSAPs                                          40
    
        A.1 GOSIP Version 2 NSAPs  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    41
    
            A.1.1  Application for Administrative Authority Identifiers  42
    
            A.1.2  Guidelines for NSAP Assignment  .  . .  .  .  .  .    44
    
        A.2 Data Country Code NSAPs   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .    45
    
            A.2.1  Application for Numeric Organization Name   .  .  .   46
    
        A.3 Summary of Administrative Requirements   .  .  .  .  .  .    46
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    Colella, Gardner, & Callon                                     [Page 3]
    
    
    
    
    
    RFC 1237  Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet  July 1991
    
    
    
    1   Introduction
    
    
    
    The Internet is moving towards a multi-protocol environment that
    includes OSI. To support OSI in the Internet, an OSI lower layers
    infrastructure is required. This infrastructure comprises the
    connectionless network protocol (CLNP) [12] (see also RFC 994 [8])
    and supporting routing protocols. Also required as part of this
    infrastructure are guidelines for network service access point (NSAP)
    address assignment. This paper provides guidelines for allocating
    NSAPs in the Internet (NSAP and NSAP address are used interchangeably
    throughout this paper in referring to NSAP addresses).
    
    
    The remainder of this paper is organized into five major sections and
    an appendix. Section 2 defines the boundaries of the problem addressed
    in this paper and Section 3 provides background information on OSI
    routing and the implications for NSAPs.
    
    
    Section 4 addresses the specific relationship between NSAPs and
    routing, especially with regard to hierarchical routing and data
    abstraction. This is followed in Section 5 with an application of
    these concepts to the Internet environment. Section 6 provides
    recommended guidelines for NSAP allocation in the Internet.
    
    
    Appendix A contains a compendium of useful information concerning
    NSAP structure and allocation authorities. The GOSIP Version 2 NSAP
    structure is discussed in detail and the structure for U.S.-based DCC
    (Data Country Code) NSAPs is described. Contact information for the
    registration authorities for GOSIP and DCC-based NSAPs in the U.S.,
    the General Services Administration (GSA) and the American National
    Standards Institute (ANSI), respectively, is provided.
    
    
    
    2   Scope
    
    
    
    There are two aspects of interest when discussing OSI NSAP allocation
    within the Internet. The first is the set of administrative require-
    ments for obtaining and allocating NSAPs; the second is the technical
    aspect of such assignments, having largely to do with routing, both
    within a routing domain (intra-domain routing) and between routing
    
    
    
    
    Colella, Gardner, & Callon                                     [Page 4]
    
    
    
    
    
    RFC 1237  Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet  July 1991
    
    
    
    domains (inter-domain routing). This paper focuses on the technical
    issues.
    
    
    The technical issues in NSAP allocation are mainly related to routing.
    This paper assumes that CLNP will be widely deployed in the Internet,
    and that the routing of CLNP traffic will normally be based on the OSI
    ES-IS (end-system to intermediate system) routing protocol applicable
    for point-to-point links and LANs [13] (see also RFC 995 [7]) and
    the emerging intra-domain IS-IS protocol [17]. Also expected is the
    deployment of an inter-domain routing protocol similar to Border
    Gateway Protocol (BGP) [18].
    
    
    The guidelines provided in this paper are intended for immediate
    deployment as CLNP is made available in the Internet. This paper
    specifically does not address long-term research issues, such as
    complex policy-based routing requirements.
    
    
    In the current Internet many routing domains (such as corporate and
    campus networks) attach to transit networks (such as NSFNET regionals)
    in only one or a small number of carefully controlled access points.
    Addressing solutions which require substantial changes or constraints
    on the current topology are not considered.
    
    
    The guidelines in this paper are oriented primarily toward the large-
    scale division of NSAP address allocation in the Internet. Topics
    covered include:
    
    
       * Arrangement of parts of the NSAP for efficient operation of the
         DIS10589IS-IS routing protocol;
    
       * Benefits of some topological information in NSAPs to reduce
         routing protocol overhead;
    
       * The anticipated need for additional levels of hierarchy in
         Internet addressing to support network growth;
    
       * The recommended mapping between Internet topological entities
         (i.e., backbone networks, regional networks, and site networks)
         and OSI addressing and routing components;
    
       * The recommended division of NSAP address assignment authority
         among backbones, regionals (also called mid-levels), and sites;
    
    
    
    
    Colella, Gardner, & Callon                                     [Page 5]
    
    
    
    
    
    RFC 1237  Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet  July 1991
    
    
    
       * Background information on administrative procedures for registra-
         tion of administrative authorities immediately below the national
         level (GOSIP administrative authorities and ANSI organization
         identifiers); and,
    
    
       * Choice of the high-order portion of the NSAP in leaf routing
         domains that are connected to more than one regional or backbone.
    
    
    
    It is noted that there are other aspects of NSAP allocation, both
    technical and administrative, that are not covered in this paper.
    Topics not covered or mentioned only superficially include:
    
    
    
       * Identification of specific administrative domains in the Internet;
    
    
       * Policy or mechanisms for making registered information known to
         third parties (such as the entity to which a specific NSAP or a
         potion of the NSAP address space has been allocated);