rfc1015.txt

著名的RFC文档,其中有一些文档是已经翻译成中文的的.

    satellites, etc.) between the various user/agency communities in a
    cost effective manner.

    To assure widespread interconnectivity, it is important that
    standards be adopted for use in the IRI and the various computers
    connected to it. These standards need to cover not only the packet
    transport capability but must address all the services required for
    networking in a scientific domain, including but not limited to file
    transfer, remote login, and electronic  mail.  Ultimately it is
    desirable to move towards a single set of standards for the various
    common services, and the logical choice for those standards are
    those being developed in the international commercial community
    (i.e. the ISO standards).  However, many of the scientific networks
    today use one or more of a small number of different standards; in



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RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


    particular the TCP/IP protocol suite mentioned above, the MFEnet
    protocols, and DECNET. As the international standards mature, it is
    expected that the number of communities using the same protocol
    suite will grow [5] [6].  Even today, several of the
    agencies/communities are using a common protocol suite, namely the
    TCP/IP suite. All the users connected to those computers and
    networks are able to have the full functions of an interoperable
    networking capability. And therefore the ability of the users to
    share resources and results will increase.

User Services

    In order that scientists can effectively use the network, there
    needs to be a user support organization.  To maximize the cost
    effectiveness of the overall IRI, the local user support personnel
    must be used effectively.  In particular, it is anticipated that
    direct support of users/researchers would be provided by local
    support personnel. The IRI user support organization would provide
    support to those local support personnel in areas where nationwide
    common service is cost effective.

    In particular, the this organization has several functions:  assist
    the local support personnel in the installation of facilities
    compatible with the IRI, provide references to standard facilities
    (e.g. networking interfaces, mail software) to the local support
    personnel, answer questions that local personnel are not able to
    answer, aid in the provision of specific user community services,
    e.g.  database of relevance to specific scientific domain.

Internet Research Coordination

    To evolve internet to satisfy new scientific requirements and make
    use of new technology, research is required in several areas.  These
    include high speed networking, type of service routing, new end to
    end protocols,  and congestion control.  The IRI organizational
    structure can assist in identifying areas of research where the
    various agencies have a common interest in supporting in order to
    evolve the network, and then assist in the coordination of that
    research.

MANAGEMENT APPROACH

    A management approach is required that will allow each agency to
    retain control of its own networking assets while sharing certain
    resources with users sponsored by other agencies.  To accomplish
    this, the following principles and constraints need to be followed.

    IRI consists of the infrastructure to connect agency networks and



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RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


    the user services required for effective use of the combined
    networks and resources.

    An organization must be identified to be responsible for the
    engineering, operation, and maintenance of both the interconnecting
    infrastructure and the user services support.

    While some agencies may choose to make use of IRI facilities and
    contractors to manage their individual agency networks, this would
    not be required and is not anticipated to be the normal situation.
    Any such arrangement would have  to be negotiated individually and
    directly between the agency and the IRI operations organization.
    Normally, the IRI organization would neither manage the individual
    agency networks nor have any jurisdiction within such networks.

    Gateways that interconnect the agency networks as well as any long-
    haul networks put in place specifically as jointly supported transit
    networks (if any such networks are required) will be managed and
    operated under the IRI organization.

    A support organization for common IRI services is required.  The
    principal clients for these services would be the local support
    personnel.

    The IRI structure should support the coordination of the individual
    research activities required for evolution and enhancement of the
    IRI.

General Management Structure

    Figure 2 shows the basic management structure for the IRI.  It is
    based on the use of a non-profit organization (call it the
    Interagency Research Internet Organization, IRIO) to manage both the
    communications infrastructure and user support. The IRIO contracts
    for the engineering, development, operations, and maintenance of
    those services with various commercial and other organizations. It
    would be responsible for providing technical and administrative
    management of the contractors providing these functions. Having the
    IRI operational management provided by an independent non-profit
    organization skilled in the area of computer networking will permit
    the flexibility required to deal with the evolving and changing
    demands of scientific networking in a cost-effective manner.

    Direction and guidance for the IRIO will be provided by a Policy
    Board consisting of representatives from the Government agencies who
    are funding the IRI. The Chairman of the Board will be selected from
    the agency representatives on a rotating basis. The Board will also
    have an Executive Director to provide administrative and other



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RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


    support. To provide effective support for the IRI Policy Board as
    well as assure appropriate coordination with the IRIO, the Executive
    Director shall be the Director of the IRIO.

    To assure that the IRI provides the best support possible to the
    scientific research community, the Policy Board will be advised by a
    Technical Advisory Board (TAB) consisting of representatives from
    the network research and engineering community, the various networks
    being interconnected with the IRI, and the scientific user
    community.  Members of the TAB will be selected by the Policy Board.
    The TAB will review the operational support of science being
    provided by the IRI and suggest directions for improvement. The TAB
    will interface directly with the IRIO to review the operational
    status and plans for the future, and recommend to the Policy Board
    any changes in priorities or directions.

    Research activities related to the use and evolution of the internet
    system will be coordinated by the Internet Research Activities Board
    (IRAB). The IRAB consists of the chairmen of the research task
    forces (see below) and has as ex-officio members technical r
    representatives from the funding agencies  and the IRIO.  The
    charter of the IRAB is to identify required directions for research
    to improve the IRI, and recommend such directions to the funding
    agencies. In addition, the IRAB will continually review ongoing
    research activities and identify how they can be exploited to
    improve the IRI.

    The Research Task Forces will each be concerned with a particular
    area/emphasis of research (e.g. end-to-end protocols, gateway
    architectures, etc.). Members will be active researchers in the
    field and the chairman an expert in the area with a broad
    understanding of research both in that area and the general internet
    (and its use for scientific research). The chairmen of the task
    forces will be selected by IRAB, and thus the IRAB will be a self-
    elected and governing organization representing the networking
    research community. The chairmen will solicit the members of the
    task force as volunteers.














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RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


+------+    +------+    +------+    +------+     ....   +------+
|DARPA |    |  NSF |    | DOE  |    | NASA |            |Others|
+--+---+    +--+---+    +--+---+    +--+---+            +--+---+
   |           |           |           |                   |
   +--+--------+-----------+----+------+-------------------+
      |                         |                    +------------+
      | Funding                 | Representatives    |  Scientific|
      |                         |                    |  Research  |
      V                         V                    |  Community |
+-------------+              +-------------+         +----------+-+
|  Selecting  |     Policy   |    Policy   |                    |
|  Contracting|<-------------+    Board    |    Advice          |
|  Agency     |           +->|             |<------------+      |
+-----+-------+           |  +------+------+             |      |
      |Funding            |         |Management      +------+<--+
      |   Advice and Plans|         |                |  TAB |<-------+
      |   +---------------+         V                +------+<---- + |
      |   |                   +------------+            ^ ^        | |
      +---|------------------>|            | Interaction| |        | |
          |                   |    IRIO    |<-----------+ |        | |
          |    +------------->|            |<-----------+ |        | |
          |    | Interaction  +-----+------+ Interaction| |        | |
          |    |                    |                   V |        | |
          |    |        +-----------+----------+    +------------+ | |
          |    |        |Management |  Funding |    | Constituent| | |
          |    |        |           |          |    | Networks   | | |
          V    V        V           V          V    +------------+ | |
        +-------+    +--------+ +--------+  +-----------+          | |
        | IRAB  |    |Network | |  User  |  |   Other   |          | |
        +-------+    |  O&M   | |Services|  |Contractors|          | |
            |        +----+---+ +---+----+  +-----+-----+          | |
            |             |         |             |                | |
            |             +---------+-------------+----------------+ |
            |                                                        |
            +-----------------+--------------------+                 |
            |Chair            |Chair               |Chair            |
            V                 V                    V                 |
       +----------+        +----------+       +----------+           |
       |TASK FORCE|        |TASK FORCE|  .... |TASK FORCE|           |
       +----------+        +----------+       +----------+           |
            ^                  ^                 ^                   |
            |                  |                 |                   |
            V                  V                 V                   |
           +--------------------------------------+                  |
           |      Network Research Community      |------------------+
           +--------------------------------------+

                   Figure 2:  IRI Management Structure



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RFC 1015                      IRI Plan                         July 1987


Funding

    In this section, the funding of the IRI is described. Recall that
    the IRI consists of the infrastructure to connect the agency
    networks and the services required for users to make effective use
    of such an infrastructure. These costs are divided into two
    categories; operations costs and research costs. The operations
    costs are those to operate and maintain both the communications
    infrastructure and the user services.  These costs must be shared
    between the various agencies and channeled to the IRIO to operate
    the IRI. The research costs are those used to carry out the needed
    research to evolve the IRI. These costs are handled within the
    various agency budgets and used to support research in each agency
    with coordination between the agencies.

Operations Cost

    Each participating agency will contribute a share of operations cost
    of IRI. Initially, each agency will contribute an equal share.
    Later, perhaps, the agency contributions will be adjusted according
    to a number of factors such as number of users, amount of traffic,
    type of support required (high bandwidth real time versus low
    bandwidth mail for example).