efax.1

使用efax的fax工具程序

.\" (ROCKWELL, V.32AC, V1.270 TR14-Jxxx-001)
ViVa 14.4/Fax modem,
.\" [e-mail], v0.6a, Linux
Vobis Fax-Modem (BZT-approved),
.\" [e-mail] (Peter Klein), Linux, kernel 0.99.14
.\" [e-mail] (Andre Beck), v 0.6, Ultrix 4.3, gcc V2.5.8:
.\" gcc -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -O2 efax.c -o efax -lcP
Zoom VFX14.4V,
.\" [e-mail] (me!), v0.6, Linux
ZyXEL U-1496E[+].
.\" [e-mail], v0.3 & faxmodem ROM version 5.05M)
.\" requires -or
.\" [e-mail], v0.5a & ZyXEL 1496E Plus, ROM Version 6.11a)
.\" -or -i '+FCLASS=2;+FCR=1' -c '+FDCC=1,5,2,2,0,0,0,0'

.SH MODEM INITIALIZATION OPTIONS

Modem initialization commands are supplied as command-line
arguments.

The modem must be set up to issue verbose(text) result codes.
The following command does this and is sent by efax before trying
to initialize the modem.

.TP 9
.BR Q0V1
respond to commands with verbose result codes

.PP 
The following commands may be useful in some cases:

.TP 9 
.BR X3 
don't wait for dial tone before dialing.  This may be used to
send a fax when the call has already been dialed manually.  In
this case use an empty string ("") as the first argument to the
\fB-t\fP command.  Use \fBX4\fP (usual default) to enable all
result codes.

.TP 9 
.BR M2
leave the monitor speaker turned on for the duration of the call
(use \fBM0\fP to leave it off).

.TP 9 
.BR L0
turn monitor speaker volume to minimum (use \fBL3\fP for maximum).

.TP 9 
.BR &D2
returns the modem to command mode when DTR is dropped.  The
program drops DTR at the start and end of the call if it can't
get a response to a modem command.  \fB&D3\fP resets the modem
when DTR is dropped.

.TP 9
.BR S7=120
wait up to two minutes (120 seconds) for carrier.  This may be
useful if the answering fax machine takes a long time to start
the handshaking operation (e.g. a combined fax/answering machine
with a long announcement).

.PP 
The following initialization command
.I must
be used with Class 1 modems:

.TP 11
.BR +FCLASS=1
enables Class 1 fax modem commands.

.PP 
The following initialization commands
.I must
be used with Class 2 modems:

.TP 11
.BR +FCLASS=2
enables Class 2 fax modem commands.

.TP 11
.BR +FCR=1
enable Class 2 fax reception.

.SH CAPABILITIES

The capabilities of the local hardware and software are set using
a string of 8 digits separated by commas:

.BR  \fIvr\fP,\fIbr\fP,\fIwd\fP,\fIln\fP,\fIdf\fP,\fIec\fP,\fIbf\fP,\fIst\fP

where:

.TP 9
.I vr \fP (vertical resolution) =
0 for 98 lines per inch
.br
1 for 196 lpi

.TP 9
.I br \fP (bit rate) =
0 for 2400 bps
.br
1 for 4800
.br
2 for 7200
.br
3 for 9600
.br
4 for 12000 (V.17)
.br
5 for 14400 (V.17)

.TP 9
.I wd \fP (width) =
0 for 8.5" (21.5 cm) page width
.br
1 for 10" (25.5 cm)
.br
2 for 12" (30.3 cm)

.TP 9
.I ln  \fP (length) =
0 for 11" (A4: 29.7 cm) page length
.br
1 for 14" (B4: 36.4 cm)
.br
2 for unlimited page length

.TP 9
.I df \fP (data format) =
0 for 1-D coding
.br
1 for 2-D coding (not supported)

.TP 9
.I ec  \fP (error correction) =
0 for no error correction
.\" .br
.\" 1 for EC mode with 64 byte frames (not supported)
.\" .br
.\" 2 for EC mode with 256 byte frames (not supported)

.TP 9
.I bf \fP (binary file) =
0 for no binary file transfer

.TP 9
.I st  \fP (minimum scan time) =
0 for zero delay per line
.br
1 for 5 ms per line
.br
3 for 10 ms per line
.br
5 for 20 ms per line
.br
7 for 40 ms per line

.PP
It is important that the proper capability string be specified.

When \fIreceiving\fP a fax the \fIvr\fP, \fIwd\fP, \fIln\fP and
\fIdf\fP fields of the capability string should be set to the
maximum values that your display software supports.

When \fIsending\fP a fax the \fIvr\fP, \fIwd\fP, \fIln\fP and
\fIdf\fP fields of the capability string should correspond to the
format of the image files.  If necessary, efax will convert a
file in high resolution mode (\fIvr\fP=1) to low resolution
(\fIvr\fP=0) by sending alternate scan lines.  However, if the
receiving machine does not support any of the other format values
then the fax files must be created again in a compatible format
and another call made.  Most fax machines can receive \fIvr\fP=0
or 1 and \fIln\fP up to 2.  Few machines support values of
\fIwd\fP other than 0.

.SH HEADERS

The header adds HDRSPCE scan lines (set in efax.c, 20 by default)
at the top of each image when it is sent.  This increases the
length of the page by about 0.2" (5mm) for low-resolution images
or about 0.1" (2.5mm) for high-resolution.

The header usually includes the date/time, the sender/recipient
ID, and the page number/count.  Headers cannot be disabled but
the header string can be set to blanks.

The default font is a built-in 8x16 font (6 point size at high
resolution, 12 pt at low resolution).  The efax header font
cannot be scaled.

Note that both efax and efix have -f options to specify the font.
efIx uses the font to generate text when doing text-to-fax
conversions (during "fax make") while efAx uses the font to
generate the header (during "fax send").

.SH SESSION LOG

A session log is written to the standard error stream.  This log
gives status and error messages from the program as selected by
the \fB-v\fP option. A time stamp showing the time (or just
minutes and seconds) is printed after each message if more than 1
second has elapsed since the last time stamp.

.SH RETURN VALUES

The program returns an error code as follows:

.TP 9
0
The fax was successfully sent or received.

.TP 9
1
The dialed number was busy or the modem device was in use.  Try
again later.

.TP 9
2
Something failed (e.g. file not found or disk full). Don't retry.
Check the session log for more details.

.TP 9
3 
Modem protocol error.  The program did not receive the expected
response from the modem.  The modem may not have been properly
initialized, the correct \fB-o\fP options were not used, or a bug
report may be in order.  Check the session log for more details.

.TP 9
4
The modem is not responding.  Operator attention is required.
Check that the modem is turned on and connected to the correct
port.

.TP 9
5
The program was terminated by a signal.

.SH EXAMPLES

.B Creating fax (G3) files

The efix program can be used to convert text-only files to fax
format.  For example, the following command will convert the text
file \fBletter\fP to high-resolution fax files \fBletter.001\fP,
\fBletter.002\fP, etc, leaving a 1 cm left margin and 2 cm top
margin and using the font file efaxfont.h, :

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
efix -itext -nletter.%03d -fefaxfont.h \\
	-d1,2cm <letter
.ft P
.fi
.RE

The efix program can also be used to insert bitmap images into
fax files to create letterhead, signatures, etc.

Ghostscript's \fBdfaxhigh\fP and \fBdfaxlow\fP drivers can be
used to generate fax files in Group 3 (T.4) format from
postscript files if the 32-byte header is removed.  For example,
the command:

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
gs -q -sDEVICE=dfaxhigh -dNOPAUSE \\
	-sOutputFile=letter.%03d letter.ps </dev/null
.ft P
.fi
.RE

will convert the Postscript file
.BR letter.ps
into high-resolution
(\fIvr\fP=1) G3 fax image files \fBletter.001, letter.002,\fP ...
The header can then be removed with the command:

.RS
.nf
\f(CWdd if=\fP\fIinfile\fP \f(CWof=\fP\fIoutfile\fP \f(CWbs=32 skip=1\fP
.fi
.RE

Your documents should have margins of at least 1/2 inch (1 cm)
since the fax standard only requires that a central portion of
the image 196.6mm (7.7 inches) wide by 281.5mm (11.1 inches) high
be printed out.

.B Printing fax files

For printing on HP-PCL printers or Postscript devices you can use
the efix program.  For example, to print the received fax on a
Postscript printer at 300 dpi use the command:

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
efix -ops -r300 -s1.5 <reply.001 | lpr
.ft P
.fi
.RE

The Portable Bit Map (pbm) suite can also be used to convert
between Group 3 and many other image formats.  For example, a
received image file, \fBreply.001\fP, may be printed on an HP
Laserjet (at approximately 2/3 size) by using the command:

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
g3topbm reply.001 | pbmtolj -resolution 300 | lpr
.ft P
.fi
.RE

.B Sending fax files

The following command will dial the number 222-2222 using tone
dialing and send a two-page fax from the files letter.001 and
letter.002 using the Class 1 fax modem connected to device
/dev/fax.  The sending modem will attempt to negotiate
high-resolution (\fIvr\fP=1, 196 lpi).

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
efax -i "+FCLASS=1" -o1 -c1 \\
     -tT222-2222 letter.001 letter.002
.ft P
.fi
.RE

If the files were generated at high resolution (196 lpi) and the
receiving modem does not support it, every second scan line will
be skipped in order to reduce the resolution.

.B Manual answer

You can use efax to answer the phone immediately and start fax
reception.  Use this mode if you need to answer calls manually to
see if they are fax or voice.

For example, the following command will make the Class 2 fax
modem on device \fB/dev/ttyS1\fP answer the phone and attempt to
receive a fax.  The received fax will be stored in the files
\fBreply.001\fP, \fBreply.002\fP, and so on.  The modem will
identify itself as "1 800 555 1212" and receive faxes at high or
low resolution (\fIvr\fP=1), at up to 9600 bps (\fIbr\fP=3), for
letter-size paper (\fIwd\fP,\fIln\fP=0).  The \fBtee\fP command
causes the session log to be displayed as well as being saved in
the file \fBreply.log\fP.

.RS
.nf
.ft CW
efax -d /dev/ttyS1 -i "+FCLASS=2;+FCR=1" \\
   -l "1 800 555 1212" -c 1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0 \\
   -r reply 2>&1 | tee reply.log
.ft P
.fi
.RE

.B Automatic answer

The \fB-w\fP option makes efax wait for characters to become
available from the modem (indicating an incoming call) before
starting fax reception.  Use the \fB-w\fP option and a
\fB-i\fPS0=\fIn\fP option to answer the phone after \fIn\fP