Because WDM networks are circuit switched loss networks blocking may occur because of lack of resources. Also in circuit switched networks many paths use the same links. This toolbox answers the question how different paths with different loads influence on each other and what is the blocking on each of the defined path. Toolbox is capable of computing blocking for three different WDM network types: with no wavelength conversion, with full wavelength conversion and with limited range wavelength conversion. It is worth noting that case for full conversion can be usefull for any circuit switched network without additional constraints (i.e. wavelength continuity constraint in WDM), for example telephone network. Toolbox contains also scripts for defining network structures (random networks, user defined networks) and traffic matrixes. Three graph algorithms for shortest path computation are also in this toolbox (they are used for traffic matrix creation).
标签： networks blocking switched Because
上传时间： 2017-07-28
上传用户：zhangzhenyu
Since the telephone was invented in the late nineteenth century, there has been a steady development of telephone services, and the number of subscribers has con- tinuously increased. One of the most revolutionary developments in telephone serv- ice in the late twentieth century was the introduction of the cellular variety of mobile phone services.
标签： Engineering Capacity Systems CDMA
上传时间： 2020-05-26
上传用户：shancjb
Cellular communications is one of the fastest growing and most challenging telecom- munication applications ever. Today, it represents a large and continuously increasing percentage of all new telephone subscribers around the world. In the long term, cellular digital technology may become the universal way of communication.
标签： Engineering System GSM
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
This book is intended to help electric power and telephone company personnel and individuals interested in properly protecting critical tele communications circuits and equipment located in high voltage (HV) environments and to improve service reliability while maintaining safe working conditions. Critical telecommunications circuits are often located in HV environments such as electric utility power plants, substations, cell sites on power towers, and standalone telecommuni cations facilities such as 911 call centers and mountaintop telecom munications sites.
标签： Protection Voltage High
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
The third generation (3G) mobile communication system is the next big thing in the world of mobile telecommunications. The first generation included analog mobile phones [e.g., Total Access Communications Systems (TACS), Nordic Mobile telephone (NMT), and Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)], and the second generation (2G) included digital mobile phones [e.g., global system for mobile communications (GSM), personal digital cellular (PDC), and digital AMPS (D-AMPS)]. The 3G will bring digital multimedia handsets with high data transmission rates, capable of providing much more than basic voice calls.
标签： Communications Introduction Mobile 3G to
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Fordecades,microwavelineofsight(LOS)linkshavebeenoneofthebasictechnolo- gies used to build telephone networks. Until 1980, the fast rollout of high capacity transport networks and deployment of links in areas with challenging geographic characteristics could not be understood without this technology.
上传时间： 2020-05-28
上传用户：shancjb
Nature is seldom kind. One of the most appealing uses for radio- telephone systems—communication with people on the move—must over- come radio transmission problems so difficult they challenge the imagina- tion. A microwave radio signal transmitted between a fixed base station and a moving vehicle in a typical urban environment exhibits extreme variations in both amplitude and apparent frequency.
标签： Communications Microwave Mobile
上传时间： 2020-05-28
上传用户：shancjb
Do you have a mobile phone? We think you probably do, one way or another. We would also guess that you might use it for many diff erent things in the course of your everyday life—as a telephone certainly, but also as an address book, as a clock or watch, as a camera, or now as a connection to your computer, email and the internet. Th ere will be a range of people you use it to contact (or not), and various strategies you use to take calls—or send texts, or take photos, or receive emails, or search online (or not, in diff erent situations). Th ere are also likely to be a range of social relation- ships in your life that your mobile phone helps to maintain—or disrupts, or inter- venes in, or makes possible, or complicates, or just plain helps to handle.
标签： Communications Introduction Mobile Media New An to
上传时间： 2020-05-30
上传用户：shancjb
The insinuation of telecommunications into the daily fabric of our lives has been arguably the most important and surprising development of the last 25 years. Before this revolution, telephone service and its place in our lives had been largely stable for more than a generation. The growth was, so to speak, lateral, as the global reach of telecommunications extended and more people got telephone service. The distinction between oversea and domestic calls blurred with the advances in switching and transmission, undersea cable, and communication satellites. Traffic on the network remained overwhelmingly voice, largely in analog format with facsimile (Fax) beginning to make inroads.
标签： Telecommunications Modeling Analysis and of
上传时间： 2020-05-31
上传用户：shancjb
Mobile and wireless communication systems are a prominent communications technology of the twenty-first century with profound economic and social impacts in practically all parts of the world. The current state of wireless communication systems allows for a much wider scope of applications than what it used to be originally, that is, to be a mobile extension of the public switched telephone network.
标签： Allocation Resource MIMO and
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
