OSCILLATORS are key building blocks in integrated transceivers. In wired and wireless communication terminals, the receiver front-end selects, amplifies and converts the desired high-frequency signal to baseband. At baseband the signal can then be converted into the digital domain for further data processing and demodula- tion. The transmitter front-end converts an analog baseband signal to a suitable high- frequency signal that can be transmitted over the wired or wireless channel.
标签： High-Frequency Oscillator Design
上传时间： 2020-05-27
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The third generation (3G) mobile communication system is the next big thing in the world of mobile telecommunications. The first generation included analog mobile phones [e.g., Total Access Communications Systems (TACS), Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT), and Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)], and the second generation (2G) included digital mobile phones [e.g., global system for mobile communications (GSM), personal digital cellular (PDC), and digital AMPS (D-AMPS)]. The 3G will bring digital multimedia handsets with high data transmission rates, capable of providing much more than basic voice calls.
标签： Communications Introduction Mobile 3G to
上传时间： 2020-05-27
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Mobile multimedia communication is increasingly in demand because of the basic need to communi- cate at any time, anywhere, using any technology. In addition, to voice communication, people have a desire to access a range of other services that comprise multimedia elements—text, image, animation, high fidelity audio and video using mobile communication networks. To meet these demands, mobile communication technologies has evolved from analog to digital, and the networks have passed through a number of generations from first generation (1G) to fourth generation (4G).
标签： Communications Multimedia Concepts Mobile
上传时间： 2020-05-30
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The insinuation of telecommunications into the daily fabric of our lives has been arguably the most important and surprising development of the last 25 years. Before this revolution, telephone service and its place in our lives had been largely stable for more than a generation. The growth was, so to speak, lateral, as the global reach of telecommunications extended and more people got telephone service. The distinction between oversea and domestic calls blurred with the advances in switching and transmission, undersea cable, and communication satellites. Traffic on the network remained overwhelmingly voice, largely in analog format with facsimile (Fax) beginning to make inroads.
标签： Telecommunications Modeling Analysis and of
上传时间： 2020-05-31
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Modeling and simulation of nonlinear systems provide communication system designers with a tool to predict and verify overall system performance under nonlinearity and complex communication signals. Traditionally, RF system designers use deterministic signals (discrete tones), which can be implemented in circuit simulators, to predict the performance of their nonlinear circuits/systems. However, RF system designers are usually faced with the problem of predicting system performance when the input to the system is real-world communication signals which have a random nature.
标签： Nonlinear_Distortion_in_Wireless_ Systems
上传时间： 2020-05-31
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In Helsinki during a visiting lecture, an internationally well-known professor in communica- tionssaid,‘Inthecommunicationssocietywehavemanagedtoconvertourproposalsandideas to real products, not like in the control engineering society. They have very nice papers and strong mathematics but most of the real systems still use the old PID controllers!’. As our background is mainly in control as well as communications engineering, we know that this thought is not very accurate. We agree that most of the practical controllers are analog and digital PID controllers, simply because they are very reliable and able to achieve the required control goals successfully. Most of the controllers can be explained in terms of PID. The reasons behind this impressive performance of PID will be explained in Chapter 2.
标签： Communications Engineering Wireless Systems in
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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Recent advances in wireless communication technologies have had a transforma- tive impact on society and have directly contributed to several economic and social aspects of daily life. Increasingly, the untethered exchange of information between devices is becoming a prime requirement for further progress, which is placing an ever greater demand on wireless bandwidth. The ultra wideband (UWB) system marks a major milestone in this progress. Since 2002, when the FCC allowed the unlicensed use of low-power, UWB radio signals in the 3.1–10.6GHz frequency band, there has been significant synergistic advance in this technology at the cir- cuits, architectural and communication systems levels. This technology allows for devices to communicate wirelessly, while coexisting with other users by ensuring that its power density is sufficiently low so that it is perceived as noise to other users.
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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Wireless communications, together with its applications and underlying technologies, is among today’s most active areas of technology development. The very rapid pace of im- provements in both custom and programmable integrated circuits for signal processing ap- plications has led to the justfiable view of advanced signal processing as a key enabler of the aggressively escalating capacity demands of emerging wireless systems. Consequently, there has been a tremendous and very widespread effort on the part of the research community to develop novel signal processing techniques that can fulfill this promise.
标签： Communication Wireless Systems
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is one of the most prevalent threats to the reliability of electronic components. It is an event in which a finite amount of charge is trans- ferred from one object (i.e., human body) to another (i.e., microchip). This process can result in a very high current passing through the microchip within a very short period of time, and, hence, more than 35% of chip damages can be attributed to an ESD-related event. As such, designing on-chip ESD structures to protect integrated circuits against the ESD stresses is a high priority in the semiconductor industry.
标签： Electrostatic Protection Discharge
上传时间： 2020-06-05
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Electrostatic discharge (ESD) phenomena have been known to mankind since the Greek Empire when Thales of Miletus, one of the Seven Sages of Greece, noticed the attraction of strands of hay to amber, leading to the coining of the word ‘‘electron.’’ In the 17th century, Gilbert and Cabeo addressed the attractive and repulsive nature of electricity. In the 18th century, a rapid increase of interest occurred for scientists in the understanding of electrical physics—Gray, du Fay, Nollet, Musschenbroeck, Franklin, Watson, Aepinus, Canton,
上传时间： 2020-06-05
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