本课题选用光电传感器作为导向传感器，以设计出使用方便、价格低廉、引导精确、响应速度快的AGV工厂自动运货车为研究目的。 AGV是自动导引运输车（Automated Guided Vehicle）的英文缩写，是当今柔性制造系统(FMS)和自动化仓储系统中物流运输的有效手段。自动导引运输车系统的核心设备是自动导引运输车，作为一种无人驾驶工业搬运车辆，一般用蓄电池作为动力，载重量从几公斤到上百吨，工作场地可以是办公室、车间，也可以是港口、码头。 现代的AGV都是由计算机控制的，车上装有微处理器。多数的AGVS配有系统集中控制与管理计算机，用于对AGV的作业过程进行优化，发出搬运指令，跟踪传送中的构件。装备有电磁或光学等自动导引装置，能够沿规定的导引路径行驶，具有安全保护以及各种移载功能的运输车，工业应用中不需驾驶员的搬运车，以可充电之蓄电池为其动力来源。一般可透过电脑来控制其行进路线以及行为，或利用电磁轨道(Electromagnetic path-following system)来设立其行进路线，电磁轨道黏贴於地板上，自动导引运输车则依循电磁轨道所带来的讯息进行移动与动作。 AGV以轮式移动为特征，较之步行、爬行或其它非轮式的移动机器人具有行动快捷、工作效率高、结构简单、可控性强、安全性好等优势。与物料输送中常用的其他设备相比，AGV的活动区域无需铺设轨道、支座架等固定装置，不受场地、道路和空间的限制。因此，在自动化物流系统中，最能充分地体现其自动性和柔性，实现高效、经济、灵活的无人化生产。 AGV的常用引导方式有电磁感应式引导，激光引导，电磁陀螺式引导等，通过对这种引导方式的比较，我们选用光电传感器作为导向传感器，因为光电检测方法具有精度高、反应快、非接触等优点，而且可测参数多，传感器的结构简单，形式灵活多样。选用红外传感器作为蔽障传感器，因为红外线对外界环境光线的适应能力比较强。用直流测速发电机作为速度传感器。设计出使用方便、价格低廉、引导精确、响应速度快的AGV。
上传时间： 2015-01-02
上传用户：LANCE
In this paper, a new family of Cassinian wave-guides is proposed, simulating and calculation are finished with CST Microwave Studio that based on Finite Integral Technique (FIT), and some results are given. Electromagnetic field mode type of it is TE, Electromagnetic field is stronger near neck region, and some resonance frequencies appear. The new Cassinian curve wave-guides will possess higher power than ones of the rectangular and elliptic wave-guides because the height at the position where maximal electric field occurs is smaller.
标签： calculation wave-guides simulating Cassinian
上传时间： 2014-01-18
上传用户：netwolf
It was proposed that perfect invisibility cloaks can be constructed for hiding objects from Electromagnetic illumination (Pendry et al., Science 312, p. 1780). The cylindrical cloaks experimentally demonstrated (Schurig et al., Science 314, p. 997) and theoretically proposed (Cai et al., Nat. Photon. 1, p. 224) have however simplified material parameters in order to facilitate easier realization as well as to avoid infinities in optical constants. Here we show that the cylindrical cloaks with simplified material parameters inherently allow the zeroth-order cylindrical wave to pass through the cloak as if the cloak is made of a homogeneous isotropic medium, and thus visible. To all high-order cylindrical waves, our numerical simulation suggests that the simplified cloak inherits some properties of the ideal cloak, but finite scatterings exist.
标签： invisibility constructed proposed electrom
上传时间： 2013-12-18
上传用户：13215175592
We analyze, both analytically and numerically, the effectiveness of cloaking an infinite cylinder from observations by Electromagnetic waves in three dimensions. We show that, as truncated approximations of the ideal permittivity and permeability tensors tend towards the singular ideal cloaking fields, so that the anisotropy ratio tends to infinity, the D and B fields blow up near the cloaking surface. Since the metamaterials used to implement cloaking are based on effective medium theory, the resulting large variation in D and B will pose a challenge to the suitability of the field averaged characterization of " and 碌. We also consider cloaking with and without the SHS (softand- hard surface) lining, shown in [6] to be theoretically necessary for cloaking in the cylindrical geometry. We demonstrate numerically that cloaking is significantly improved by the SHS lining, with both the far field of the scattered wave significantly reduced and the blow up of D and B prevented.
标签： effectiveness analytically numerically cloaking
上传时间： 2017-03-30
上传用户：zxc23456789
Feeding antennas with proper signals can be difficult. The signal is often described as a voltage, and voltages are not well defined in Electromagnetic wave formulations. There are several tricks to model voltage generators in such situations, and one is the magnetic frill. This model shows the basic steps of defining a magnetic frill voltage generator for a dipole antenna, and it also compares the resulting antenna impedance with known results.
标签： difficult described antennas Feeding
上传时间： 2013-12-25
上传用户：yulg
The Schumann resonance frequencies are a set of eigenmodes in the extremely low frequency (ELF) portion of the Electromagnetic field spectrum. These frequencies are only present for planetary-like bodies with a substantial ionosphere acting as a perfect electric conductor, thus forming a resonance cavity with the surface. In this example, the Schumann resonance frequencies for the Earth are calculated.
标签： frequencies eigenmodes resonance extremely
上传时间： 2014-12-09
上传用户：stella2015
Feeding antennas with proper signals can be difficult. The signal is often described as a voltage, and voltages are not well defined in Electromagnetic wave formulations. There are several tricks to model voltage generators in such situations, and one is the magnetic frill. This model shows the basic steps of defining a magnetic frill voltage generator for a dipole antenna, and it also compares the resulting antenna impedance with known results.
标签： difficult described antennas Feeding
上传时间： 2013-12-21
上传用户：GavinNeko
This book provides the reader with the basics in radio engineering, the techniques needed to generate, control, detect, and use radio waves. The text approaches the relevant problems both from the Electromagnetic theory based on Maxwell抯 equations and from the circuit theory based on Kirchoff and Ohm抯 laws. Brief introductions to the Electromagnetic theory as well as to the circuit theory are provided. Besides passive transmission lines and components, active RF circuits are also addressed.
标签： the engineering techniques provides
上传时间： 2014-01-17
上传用户：rocketrevenge
DDSCAT 7.3 is a freely available open-source Fortran-90 software package applying the “discrete dipole approximation” (DDA) to calculate scattering and absorption of Electromagnetic waves by targets with arbitrary geometries and complex refractive index. The targets may be isolated entities (e.g., dust particles), but may also be 1-d or 2-d periodic arrays of “target unit cells”, which can be used to study absorption, scattering, and electric fields around arrays of nanostructures.
标签： userguide
上传时间： 2015-04-29
上传用户：499689361
PSCAD/EMTDC是加拿大马尼托巴高压直流研究中心出品的一款电力系统电磁暂态仿真软件，PSCAD（Power Systems Computer Aided Design）是用户界面，EMTDC（Electromagnetic Transients including DC）是内部程序。 EMTDC最初代表直流暂态，是一套基于软件的电磁暂态模拟程序。Dennis Woodford博士于1976年在加拿大曼尼托巴水电局开发完成了EMTDC的初版，编写这个程序的原因是因为当时现存的研究工具不能够满足曼尼托巴电力局对尼尔逊河高压直流工程进行强有力和灵活的研究的要求。自此之后程序被不断开发，至今已被广泛地应用在电力系统许多类型的模拟研究，其中包括交流研究，雷电过电压和电力电子学研究。EMTDC开始时在大型计算机上使用。然后在1986年被移植到Unix系统和以后的PC机上。 PSCAD代表电力系统计算机辅助设计，PSCAD的开发成功，使得用户能更方便地使用EMTDC进行电力系统分析，使电力系统复杂部分可视化成为可能，而且软件可以作为实时数字仿真器的前置端。可模拟任意大小的交直流系统。PSCAD V1 1988年首先在阿波罗工作站上使用，然后大约在1995年PSCAD V2开始应用。PSCAD V3以PC Windows作为平台，在1999年面世。目前最新版本的是PSCAD V4.2.1。 用户可以通过调用随EMTDC 主程序一起提供的库程序模块或利用用户自己开发的元部件模型有效地组装任何可以想象出的电力系统模型和结构。EMTDC 的威力之一是可以较为简单地模拟复杂电力系统, 包括直流输电系统和其相关的控制系统。 采用 PSCAD/EMTDC 进行的典型模拟研究包括： 一般的交流电力系统电磁暂态研究 直流输电结构和控制 FACTS(灵活交流输电系统)元部件模型 由于故障、断路器操作或雷电冲击引起的电力系统的过电压研究 绝缘配合研究 谐波相互影响研究 静止补偿器研究 非线性控制系统研究 变压器饱和研究, 如铁磁振荡和铁芯饱和不稳定性研究 同步发电机和感应电动机的扭矩效应和自励磁研究 陡前波分析 研究当一台多轴系发电机与串补线路或电力电子设备相互作用时的次同步谐振现象 向孤立负荷送电 电力系统数字仿真实验室使用PSCAD/EMTDC主要进行一般的交流电力系统电磁暂态研究，进行简单和复杂电力系统的故障建模及故障仿真，分析电力系统故障电磁暂态过程。
标签： PSCAD实验指导教程
上传时间： 2016-02-16
上传用户：xixi略
