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During the past three decades, the world has seen signifi cant changes in the telecom- munications industry. There has been rapid growth in wireless communications, as seen by large expansion in mobile systems. Wireless communications have moved from fi rst-generation (1G) systems primarily focused ...

Wirelesscommunications,especiallyinitsmobileform,hasbroughtusthefreedomofmobility andhaschangedthelifestylesofmodernpeople.Waitingatafixedlocationtoreceiveormakea phone call, or sitting in front of a personal computer to send an e-mail or download a video program, has become an old story. Nowadays i ...

For more than three decades, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) have steadily transitioned out of research labs and into production forming a more than $10 billion market [1]. MEMS devices such as accelerometers, pressure sensors and microphones, to name a few, have seen immense utilization, pa ...

Since the 1990s the EU has been pursuing climate change mitigation targets. Following the international commitment to the legally binding greenhouse gas reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, the 2020 policy package consists of a set of binding legislation to ensure that the EU meets its climate and en ...

HIS IS THE THIRD —and most likely the last—book in the series on information technology for energy managers and web based energy infor- mation and control systems. This book concentrates on web based enterprise energy and building automation systems, and serves as a capstone volume in this series. ...

We are in the era of ubiquitous computing in which the use and development of Radio Frequency Iden- tification (RFID) is becoming more widespread. RFID systems have three main components: readers, tags, and database. An RFID tag is composed of a small microchip, limited logical functionality, and an ...

In this new edition of the book, only minor changes were made to the original nine chapters but three new chapters treat topics of increasing interest to GPS users and equipment developers. One topic, improving the GPS receiver sensi- tivity may extend their operations into buildings, which is becom ...

A kinematically redundant manipulator is a serial robotic arm that has more independently driven joints than are necessary to define the desired pose (position and orientation) of its end-effector. With this definition, any planar manipulator (a manipulator whose end-effector motion is restrained in ...

Computer science as an academic discipline began in the 1960’s. Emphasis was on programming languages, compilers, operating systems, and the mathematical theory that supported these areas. Courses in theoretical computer science covered finite automata, regular expressions, context-free languages, ...

Machine learning is about designing algorithms that automatically extract valuable information from data. The emphasis here is on “automatic”, i.e., machine learning is concerned about general-purpose methodologies that can be applied to many datasets, while producing something that is mean- ingfu ...