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Radio frequency spectrum is a scarce and critical natural resource that is utilized for many services including surveillance, navigation, communication, and broadcast- ing. Recent years have seen tremendous growth in the use of spectrum especially by commercial cellular operators. Ubiquitous use of ...

Wireless communications has become a field of enormous scientific and economic interest. Recent success stories include 2G and 3G cellular voice and data services (e.g., GSM and UMTS), wireless local area networks (WiFi/IEEE 802.11x), wireless broadband access (WiMAX/IEEE 802.16x), and digital broad ...

Recent advances in wireless communication technologies have had a transforma- tive impact on society and have directly contributed to several economic and social aspects of daily life. Increasingly, the untethered exchange of information between devices is becoming a prime requirement for further pr ...

Once upon a time, cellular wireless networks provided two basic services: voice telephony and low-rate text messaging. Users in the network were separated by orthogonal multiple access schemes, and cells by generous frequency reuse patterns [1]. Since then, the proliferation of wireless services, fi ...

Visible light communications (VLC) is the name given to an optical wireless communication system that carries information by modulating light in the visible spectrum (400–700 nm) that is principally used for illumination [1–3]. The communications signal is encoded on top of the illumination light. ...

Although the origins of radio frequency based wireless networking can be traced back to the University of Hawaii’s ALOHANET research project in the 1970s, the key events that led to wireless networking becoming one of the fastest growing technologies of the early 21st century have been the ratifica ...

The advent of modern wireless devices, such as smart phones and MID 1 terminals, has revolutionized the way people think of personal connectivity. Such devices encompass multiple applications ranging from voice and video to high-speed data transfer via wireless networks. The voracious appetite of tw ...

The phenomenon of electrostatic discharge (ESD) has been known for a long time, but recently a growing interest has been observed in ESD in radio frequency (RF) technology and ESD issues in RF applications.

For more than three decades, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) have steadily transitioned out of research labs and into production forming a more than $10 billion market [1]. MEMS devices such as accelerometers, pressure sensors and microphones, to name a few, have seen immense utilization, pa ...

The “bottom-line” metrics of cash flow, demand, price, and return on investment are driven by a second set of financial metrics represented by value to the customer, cost, and the pace of innovation. Get them right relative to competition and impressive bottom-line results should follow. Because o ...