📄 96-8托福阅读试题3.htm
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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom><BR>Questions 33-41<BR>In the
early days of the United States, postal charges <BR>were paid by the
recipient and Charges varied with the <BR>distance carried. In 1825,
the United States Congress permitted <BR>local postmasters to give
letters to mail carriers for home <BR>delivery, but these carriers
received no government salary and their <BR>entire compensation
depended on what they were paid by the <BR>recipients of individual
letters.
<P></P>
<P>In 1847 the United States Post Office Department <BR>adopted the
idea of a postage stamp, which of course simplified <BR>the payment
for postal service but caused grumbling by those <BR>who did not
like to prepay. Besides, the stamp covered only <BR>delivery to the
post office and did not include carrying it to a <BR>private
address. In Philadelphia, for example, with a population <BR>of
150,000, people still had to go to the post office to get <BR>their
mail. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens
<BR>looking for their letters was itself enough to discourage use of
<BR>the mail. It is no wonder that, during the years of these
<BR>cumbersome arrangements, private letter-carrying and express
<BR>businesses developed. Although their activities were only
<BR>semilegal, they thrived, and actually advertised that between
<BR>Boston and Philadelphia they were a half-day speedier than the
<BR>government mail. The government postal service lost volume
<BR>to private competition and was not able to handle efficiently
<BR>even the business it had.
<P>Finally, in 1863, Congress provided that the mail carriers
<BR>who delivered the mail from the post offices to private
addresses <BR>should receive a government salary, and that there
should <BR>be no extra charge for that delivery. But this delivery
service <BR>was at first confined to cities, and free home delivery
became a <BR>mark of urbanism. As late as 1887, a town had to have
10,000 <BR>people to be eligible for free home delivery. In 1890, of
<BR>the 75 million people in the United States, fewer than 20
<BR>million had mail delivered free to their doors. The rest, nearly
<BR>three-quarters of the population, still received no mail unless
<BR>they went to their post office.<BR>33.What does the passage
mainly discuss?<BR>(A) The increased use of private mail
services.<BR>(B) The development of a government postal
system.<BR>(C) A comparison of urban and postal services.<BR>(D) The
history of postage stamps.<BR>34.The word "varied" in line 2 could
best be replaced by <BR>(A) increased<BR>(B) differed<BR>(C)
returned<BR>(D) started<BR>35.Which of the following was seen as a
disadvantage of the postage stamp?<BR>(A) It had to be purchased by
the sender in advance.<BR>(B) It increased the cost of mail
delivery.<BR>(C) It was difficult to affix to letters.<BR>(D) It was
easy to counterfeit.<BR>36.Why does the author mention the city of
Philadephia in line 13?<BR>(A) It was the site of the first post
office in the United States.<BR>(B) Its postal service was
inadequate for its population.<BR>(C) It was the largest city in the
United States in 1847.<BR>(D) It was commemorated by the first
United States postage stamp.<BR>37.The word "cumbersome" in line 17
is closest in meaning to<BR>(A) burdensome<BR>(B) handsome<BR>(C)
loathsome<BR>(D) quarrelsome<BR>38.The word "they" in line 20 refers
to<BR>(A) Boston and Philadephia<BR>(B) businesses<BR>(C)
arrangements<BR>(D) letters<BR>39.The private postal services of the
nineteenth century claimed that they could do which of the following
better than the government?<BR>(A) Deliver a higher volume of
mail.<BR>(B) Deliver mail more cheaply.<BR>(C) Deliver mail
faster.<BR>(D) Deliver mail to rural areas.<BR>40.In 1863 the United
States government began providing which of the following to mail
carriers?<BR>(A) A salary<BR>(B) Housing<BR>(C)
Transportation<BR>(D) Free postage stamps<BR>41.The word "confined"
in line 29 is closest in meaning to <BR>(A) granted<BR>(B)
scheduled<BR>(C) limited<BR>(D)
recommended<BR></FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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