📄 95-10月托福阅读试题3.htm
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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1995年10月托福阅读全真试题</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN>
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Question 23-33<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The preservation of embryos
and juveniles is rare occurrence <BR>in the fossil record. The
tiny, delicate skeletons are usually <BR>scattered by
scavengers or destroyed by weathering before <BR>they can be
fossilized. Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of <BR>being
preserved than did terrestrial creatures because, as
marine <BR>animals, they tended to live in environments less
subject to <BR>erosion. Still, their fossilization required a
suite of factors: a <BR>slow rate of decay of soft tissues,
little scavenging by other <BR>animals, a lack if swift
currents and waves to jumble and carry <BR>away small bones,
and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, <BR>some areas
have become a treasury of well-preserved <BR>ichthyosaur
fossils.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The deposits at Holzmaden,
Germany, present an <BR>interesting case for analysis. The
ichthyosaur remains are found in <BR>black, bituminous marine
shales deposited about 190 million <BR>years ago. Over the
years, thousands of specimens of marine <BR>reptiles, fish, and
invertebrates have been recovered from <BR>these rocks. The
quality of preservation is outstanding, but <BR>what is even
more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur <BR>fossils
containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with
embryos <BR>have been reported from 6 different levels of the
shale in a <BR>small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a
specific site <BR>was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs
repeatedly over <BR>time. The embryos are quite advanced in
their physical develop-<BR>ment; their paddles, for example, are
already well formed. <BR>One specimen is even preserved in the
birth canal. In addition, <BR>the shale contains the remains of
many newborns that are <BR>between 20 and 30 inches long.<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Why are there so many
pregnant females and young at <BR>Holzmaden when they are so
rare elsewhere? The quality of <BR>preservation is almost
unmatched, and quarry operations have<BR>been carried out carefully
with an awareness of the value of the<BR>fossils. But these factors
do not account for the interesting <BR>question of how there
came to be such a concentration of <BR>pregnant ichthyosaurs in
a particular place very close to their time <BR>of giving
birth.<O:P> <O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>23. The passage supports which
of the following conclusions?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Some species of ichthyosaurs
decayed more rapidly than other species.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ichthyosaur newborns are
smaller than other newborn marine reptiles.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ichthyosaurs were more
advanced than terrestrial creatures.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ichthyosaurs may have gathered at
Holzmaden to give birth.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>24. The word "they" in line 4
refers to <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>skeletons<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>scavengers<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>creatures<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>environments<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>25. All of the following are
mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization EXCEPT the<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>speed of burial
<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>conditions of the water<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>rate at
which soft tissues decay<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>cause of death of the animal.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>26. Which of the following is
true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>They include examples of newly discovered species.<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They
contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They are
older than fossils found in other places<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They have been analyzed more
carefully than other fossils.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>27. The word "outstanding" in
line 18 is closest in meaning to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>extensive<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>surprising<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>vertical<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>excellent<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>28. The word "site" in line 22
is closest in meaning to <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>example<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>location<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>development<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>characteristic<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>29. Why does the author mention
the specimen preserved in the birth canal (line 26)?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>To illustrate that the embryo fossils are quite advanced in
their development<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>To explain
why the fossils are well preserved<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>To indicate how the
ichthyosaurs died<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>To prove that ichthyosaurs
are marine animals.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>30. The word "they" in line 30
refers to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>pregnant females and
young<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>quarry operations<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>the value
of the fossils<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>these factors<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>31.The phrase "account for" in
line 33 is closest in meaning to<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>record<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>describe<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>equal<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>explain<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>32.Which of the following best
expresses the relationship between the first and second
paragraphs?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The first paragraph describes a place while the second
paragraph describes a field of study.<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The first paragraph defines
the terms that are used in the second paragraph.<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The second
paragraph describes a specific instance of the general topic
discussed in the first paragraph.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The second paragraph presents
information that contrasts with the information given in the first
paragraph.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>33.Where in the passage does the
author mentions the variety of fossils found at Holzmaden?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Line 1<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines 3-5<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines
12-13<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Lines 19-21<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
<BR></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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