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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1995年8月托福阅读全真试题</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom></O:P></SPAN>
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Questions 31-40<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>There are many theories
about the beginning of drama in <BR>ancient Greece. The one
most widely accepted today is based <BR>on the assumption that
drama evolved from ritual. The <BR>argument for this view goes
as follows. In the beginning, human <BR>beings viewed the
natural forces of the world, even the seasonal <BR>changes, as
unpredictable, and they sought through various <BR>means, to
control these unknown and feared powers. <BR>Those measures
which appeared to bring the desired results <BR>were then
retained and repeated until they hardened into
fixed <BR>rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or
veiled the <BR>mysteries of the rites. As time passed some
rituals were <BR>abandoned, but the stories, later called
myths, persisted and <BR>provided material for art and
drama.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Those who believe that drama
evolved out of ritual also <BR>argue that those rites contained
the seed of theater because <BR>music, dance, masks, and
costumes were almost always used. <BR>Furthermore, a suitable
site had to be provided for performances, <BR>and when the
entire community did not participate, a <BR>clear division was
usually made between the "acting area" and <BR>the
"auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and <BR>since
considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes<BR>in the
enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed <BR>that
task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often <BR>impersonated
other people, animals, or supernatural beings, <BR>and mimed
the desired effect - success in hunt or battle, <BR>the coming
rain, the revival of the Sun - as an actor <BR>might.
Eventually such dramatic representations were
separated <BR>from religious activities.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Another theory traces the
theater's origin from the <BR>human interest in storytelling.
According to this view, tales <BR>(about the hunt, war, or
other feats) are gradually elaborated, <BR>at first through the
use of impersonation, action, and <BR>dialogue by a narrator
and then through the assumption of each of <BR>the roles by a
different person. A closely related theory traces <BR>theater
to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and <BR>gymnastic
or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>31. What does the passage many discuss?<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The origins of theater<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The role of ritual in modern
dance<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The importance of storytelling<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The variety of early
religious activities.</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>32. The word "they" in line 6 refers to
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>seasonal changes<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>natural forces<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>theories<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>human beings<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>33. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the
first paragraph?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>The reason drams is often unpredictable<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The
seasons in which dramas were performed<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The connection between myths
and dramatic plots<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The importance of costumes in
early drama<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>34. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common
element of theater and ritual?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Dance<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Costumes<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Music<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Magic<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>35. The word "considerable" in line 21 is closest in
meaning to <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>thoughtful<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>substantial<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>relational<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>ceremonial<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>36. The word "enactment" in line 22 is closest in meaning
to <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>establishment<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>performance<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>authorization<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>season<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>37. The word "they" in line 23 refers to
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>mistakes<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>costumes<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>animals<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>performers<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>38. According to the passage, what is the main difference
between ritual and drama?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ritual is
shorter than drama.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ritual requires fewer
performers than drama.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Ritual has a religious
purpose and drama does not.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>39. The passage supports which of the following
statements?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>No one really knows how the theater began<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Myths are
no longer represented dramatically.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Storytelling is an important
part of dance<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.25pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>40. Where in the passage does the author discuss the
separation of the stage and the audience?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Lines 8-9<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines 12-14<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Lines
19-20<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Lines 22-24<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><O:P><O:P><O:P><O:P><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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