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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1995年8月托福阅读全真试题</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Question 1-9<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>The ocean bottom – a region
nearly 2.5 times greater <BR>than the total land area of the
Earth – is a vast frontier that <BR>even today is largely
unexplored and uncharted. Until about a <BR>century ago, the
deep – ocean floor was completely inaccessible, <BR>hidden
beneath waters averaging over 3,6000 meters deep. <BR>Totally
without light and subjected to intense pressures
hundreds <BR>of times greater than at the Earth's surface, the
deep – ocean <BR>bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in
some <BR>ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer
space.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Although researchers have
taken samples of deep – ocean <BR>rocks and sediments for over
a century, the first detailed global <BR>investigation of the
ocean bottom did not actually start until <BR>1968, with the
beginning of the National Science Foundation's <BR>Deep Sea
Drilling Project (DSDP). Using techniques first <BR>developed
for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP's
drill <BR>ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a
steady <BR>position on the ocean's surface and drill in very
deep waters, <BR>extracting samples of sediments and rock from
the ocean floor.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The Glomar Challenger
completed 96 voyages in a 15 – year <BR>research program that
ended in November 1983. During <BR>this time, the vessel logged
600,000 kilometers and took <BR>almost 20,000 core samples of
seabed sediments and rocks at <BR>624 drilling sites around the
world. The Glomar Challenger's <BR>core samples have allowed
geologists to reconstruct what the <BR>planet looked like
hundreds of millions of years ago and to <BR>calculate what it
will probably look like millions of years in the <BR>future.
Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered <BR>during
the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth
scientists <BR>agree on the theories of plate tectonics and
continental <BR>drift that explain many of the geological
processes that shape <BR>the Earth.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The cores of sediment
drilled by the Glomar Challenger <BR>have also yielded
information critical to understanding the <BR>world's past
climates. Deep – ocean sediments provide a <BR>climatic record
stretching back hundreds of millions of years, <BR>because they
are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and <BR>the
intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly
destroy <BR>much land – based evidence of past climates. This
record has <BR>already provided insights into the patterns and
causes of past <BR>climatic change – information that may be
used to predict <BR>future climates.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US> <O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>1.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The author
refers to the ocean bottom as a "frontier" in line 2 because it<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>is not a popular area for scientific
research<O:P></O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>contains a wide variety of
life forms<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>attracts courageous explorers<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>is an unknown territory<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The word
"inaccessible" in line 4 is closest in meaning to
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>unrecognizable<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>unreachable<O:P>
</O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>unusable<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>unsafe</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>3.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The author
mentions outer space in line 9 because<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>the Earth's climate millions of years ago was similar to
conditions in outer space<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>it is similar to the ocean
floor in being alien to the human environment<O:P>
</O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>rock
formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean
floor<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were
similar to those used in ocean exploration</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>4.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Which of the
following is true of the Glomar Challenger?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>It is a type of submarine.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>It is an ongoing
project.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>It has gone on over 100 voyages.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>It made its first DSDP voyage
in 1968.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>5.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The word
"extracting" in line 18 is closest in meaning to<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>breaking<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>locating<O:P>
</O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>removing<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>analyzing<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>6.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The Deep Sea
Drilling Project was significant because it was<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>the first
extensive exploration of the ocean bottom<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>composed of geologists from
all over the world<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>funded entirely by the gas and oil industry<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>7.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The word
"strength" in line 21 is closest in meaning to<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>basis<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>purpose<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>discovery<O:P>
</O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>endurance<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.75pt; tab-stops: 18.75pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>8.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The word "they"
in line 36 refers to <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>years<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>climates<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>sediments<O:P>
</O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>cores<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>9.<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Which of the following is NOT
mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep Sea Drilling
Project?<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US> (A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Geologists were able to determine the Earth's appearance
hundreds of millions of years ago.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Two geological theories
became more widely accepted by scientists.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Information was revealed
about the Earth's past climatic changes.<O:P> </O:P><BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Geologists observed forms of
marine life never before seen.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></O:P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 19.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -19.5pt; tab-stops: 19.5pt"><O:P><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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