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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1997年8月托福阅读全真试题</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN>
<P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Question 40-50<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Perhaps the most striking
quality of satiric literature is its <BR>freshness, its
originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers <BR>original
ideas. Instead it presents the familiar in a new
form.<BR> Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies.
What they <BR>do is look at familiar conditions from a
perspective that makes <BR>these conditions seem foolish,
harmful or affected. Satire jars <BR>us out of complacence into
a pleasantly shocked realization that <BR>many of the values we
unquestioningly accept are false. <I>Don </I><BR><I>Quixote
</I>makes chivalry seem absurd, <I>Brave New
World</I> <BR>ridicules the pretensions of science, <I>A Modest
proposal</I> <BR>dramatizes starvation by advocating
cannibalism. None of these ideas <BR>is original. Chivalry was
suspect before Cervantes, humanists <BR>objected to the claims
of pure science before Aldous Huxley <BR>and people were aware
of famine before Swift. It was not the <BR>originality of the
idea that made these satires popular. It was <BR>the manner of
expression the satiric method that made them <BR>interesting
and entertaining. Satires are read because they
are <BR>aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they
are <BR>morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are
stimulat-<BR>ing and refreshing because with commonsense briskness
they <BR>brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With
spontaneous <BR>irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives,
scrambles <BR>familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition
and speaks in a <BR>personal idiom instead of abstract
platitude.<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Satire exists because there
is need for it. It has lived <BR>because readers appreciate a
refreshing stimulus, an irreverent <BR>reminder that they lived
in a world of platitudinous thinking, <BR>cheap moralizing, and
foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod <BR>people into an
awareness of truth though rarely to any action <BR>on behalf of
truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of <BR>what they
see, hear, and read in popular media is
sanctimonious, <BR>sentimental, and only partially true. Life
resembles in <BR>only a slight degree the popular image of it.
Soldiers rarely <BR>hold the ideals that movies attribute to
them, nor do ordinary <BR>citizens devote their lives to
unselfish service of humanity. <BR>Intelligent people know
these things but tend to forget them <BR>when they do not hear
them expressed.<O:P> <O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>40.What does the passage mainly discuss?<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Difficulties of writing satiric literature.<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Popular
topics of satire<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>New philosophies emerging
from satiric literature<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Reasons for the popularity of
satire.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>41.The word "realization" in line 7 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>certainly<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>awareness<O:P> <BR>(C)
surprise<BR>(D) confusion<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>42.Why does the author mention Don Quirote, Brave New
World and A Modest Proposal in lines 8-10?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN></O:P></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P>They are famous examples of satiric literature<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They
present commonsense solutions to problems.<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They are appropriate for
readers of all ages.<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>They are books with similar
stories.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>43.The word "aesthetically" in line 18 is closest in
meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>artistically<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>exceptionally<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>realistically<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>dependably<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>44.Which of the following can be found in satire
literature?<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Newly emerging philosophies<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Odd combinations of objects and
ideas<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Abstract discussion of moral and ethnics<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Wholesome
characters who are unselfish.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>45.According to the passage, there is a need for satire
because people need to be<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>informed about new scientific
developments<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>exposed to original
philosophies when they are formulated<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>reminded that popular ideas
are often inaccurate<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>told how they can be of
service to their communities.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>46.The word "refreshing" in line 26 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>popular<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>ridiculous<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>meaningful<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>unusual<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>47.The word "they" in line 31 refers to<O:P>
<BR>(A)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>people<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>media<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>ideals<O:P>
<BR>(D)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>movies<O:P>
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>48.The word "devote" in line 35 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>distinguish<O:P>
<BR>(B)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>feel
affection<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>prefer<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>dedicate<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>49.As a result of reading satiric literature, readers
will be most likely to<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>teach themselves to write
fiction<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>accept conventional points of
view<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>become better informed about
current affairs<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>reexamine their opinions and
values<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; tab-stops: 12.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>50.The various purposes of satire include all of the
following EXCEPT<O:P> <BR>(A)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>introducing readers to
unfamiliar situations<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>brushing away illusions<O:P>
<BR>(C)<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>reminding
readers of the truth<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>exposing false values.<O:P>
</SPAN></P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></O:P></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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