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<TD align=middle><FONT size=3>1998年5月托福阅读全真试题 </FONT></TD></TR>
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<TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom><O:P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>Questions
1-11<O:P> </SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Before the 1500's, the
western plains of North America <BR>were dominated by farmers.
One group, the Mandans, lived <BR>in the upper Missouri River
country, primarily in present-day <BR>North Dakota. They had
large villages of houses built close <BR>together. The tight
arrangement enabled the Mandans to protect <BR>themselves more
easily from the<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>attacks
of others who might <BR>seek to obtain some of the food these
highly capable farmers <BR>stored from one year to the
next.<O:P> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR> </SPAN>The
women had primary responsibility for the fields. <BR>They had
to exercise considerable skill to produce the
desired <BR>results, for their northern location meant
fleeting<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>growing <BR>seasons. Winter often lingered; autumn could
be ushered in by <BR>severe frost. For good measure, during the
spring and summer, <BR>drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and
other frustrations <BR>might await the wary
grower.<O:P> <BR>Under such conditions, Mandan women had to
grow <BR>maize capable of weathering adversity. They began as
early as <BR>it appeared feasible to do so in the spring.
clearing the land, <BR>using fire to clear stubble from the
fields and then planting. <BR>From this point until the first
green corn could be harvested, <BR>the crop required labor and
vigilance.<O:P> <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"><BR> </SPAN>Harvesting proceeded in
two stages. In August the Mandans <BR>picked a smaller amount
of the crop before it had matured <BR>fully. This green corn
was boiled, dried, and shelled, with <BR>some of the maize
slated for immediate consumption and the <BR>rest stored in
animal-skin bags. Later in the fall, the people <BR>picked the
rest of the corn. They saved the best of the harvest <BR>for
seeds or for trade, with the remainder eaten right away
or <BR>stored for later use in underground reserves. With
appropriate <BR>banking of the extra food, the Mandans
protected themselves <BR>against the disaster of crop failure
and accompanying hunger.<?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 30.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The women
planted another staple, squash, about the <BR>first of June,
and harvested it </SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-tab-count: 1; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">
</SPAN></I></B><SPAN lang=EN-US>near the time of the green
corn <BR>harvest. After they picked it, they sliced it, dried
it, and <BR>strung the slices before they stored them. Once
again, they <BR>saved the seed from the best of the year's
crop. The Mandans <BR>also grew sunflowers and tobacco; the
latter was the particular <BR>task of the old men.<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 30.0pt 66.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>1. The Mandans built their houses close together in order
to<O:P> <BR>(A) guard their supplies of food<O:P>
<BR>(B) protect themselves against the weather<O:P>
<BR>(C) allow more room for growing corn<O:P> <BR>(D)
share farming implements<O:P> </SPAN><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.6pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21.6pt; tab-stops: 16.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2.The word "enabled" in line 5 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)covered<O:P> <BR>(B)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>reminded<O:P>
<BR>(C)helped<O:P> <BR>(D)isolated<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>3.The word "considerable" in line 10 is closest in
meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A) planning<O:P> <BR>(B) much<O:P>
<BR>(C) physical<O:P> <BR>(D) flew<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -9pt; tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>4.Why does the author believe that the Mandans were
skilled farmers?<O:P> <BR>(A) They developed effective
fertilizers.<O:P> <BR>(B) They developed new varieties of
corn.<O:P> <BR>(C) They could grow crops in most types of
soil.<O:P> <BR>(D) They could grow crops despite adverse
weather.<O:P> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>5.<SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Tile word
"consumption" in line 25 is closest in meaning to<O:P> <BR>(A)
decay<O:P> <BR>(B) planting<O:P> <BR>(C)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>eating<O:P> <BR>(D)<SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>conversion<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>6.Which of the following processes does the author imply
was done by both men and women?<O:P> <BR>(A) Clearing
fields<O:P> <BR>(B) Planting corn<O:P> <BR>(C)
Harvesting corn<O:P> <BR>(D) harvesting squash.<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>7.The word "disaster" in line 31 is closest in meaning
to<O:P> <BR>(A)control<O:P> <BR>(B)catastrophe<O:P>
<BR>(C)avoidance<O:P> <BR>(D)history<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>8. According to the passage, the Mandans preserved their
food by<O:P> <BR>(A)smoking<O:P> <BR>(B)drying<O:P>
<BR>(C)freezing.<O:P> <BR>(D)salting<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>9.The word "it" in line <I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">34 </I>refers to<O:P>
<BR>(A)June<O:P> <BR>(B)corn<O:P> <BR>(C)time<O:P>
<BR>(D)squash<O:P> </SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>10.Which of the following crops was cultivated primarily
by men<O:P> <BR>(A) Corn<O:P> <BR>(B)Squash<O:P>
<BR>(C)Sunflower<O:P> <BR>(D)Tobacco<O:P>
</SPAN></P>
<P align=left class=MsoNormal style="tab-stops: 34.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>11.Throughout the passage, the author implies that the
Mandans<O:P> <BR>(A)planned for the future<O:P> <BR>(B)
valued individuality<O:P> <BR>(C)were open to strangers<O:P>
<BR>(D)were very
adventurous<O:P> <BR></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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