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<h1>入门者的第一部真空管后级</h1>
  <h3>文、图/ERIC <a href=http://www.diyzone.net/>DIY ZONE</a></h3>  
  <p><img src="../pic/diy_el34a1.gif" width="600" height="322"> </p>
  <p><font color="#0099FF">真空管后级电路</font></p>
  <br>
  <p><img src="../pic/diy_el34a2.gif" width="585" height="275"></p>
  <p><font color="#0099FF">电源电路</font></p>
  <br>
  <p><img src="../pic/diy_el34a3.gif" width="100" height="53"></p>
  <p><font color="#0099FF">制作完成</font></p>
  <br>  
  </div>
  <p>由于真空管属压控放大元件，所以在小功率的放大器中根本不需驱动级，而且真空管放大器拥有输出变压器，所以不可能有直流输出，也就不需繁琐的电路去控制中点电压或加装保护电路。</p>
  <p>本机每声道采用一支12AX7做为输入放大级，二支EL34(6CA7/6L6等均可)以三极管接法推挽方式做为功率放大，输出功率约为20Watts，由于线路简单，建议采用人工搭棚的方式。</p>
  <p>本机采用自偏压方式，所以全机不需调整。不过在选用真空管时就需要多注意了，建议购买厂商已经配对好的4支管子，如此可得到较好的效果。</p>
  <p>首先在零件搜集方面做以下简单说明：
     <ol>
       <li><strong>电阻：</strong>除标示瓦数者，均可用金属膜1% 0.6W<font FACE="新细明体">的电阻</font>(<font FACE="新细明体">或碳精电阻</font>)。<br>
       </li>
       <li><strong>电容：</strong>有标示极性者为电解质电容，其余以PP/PE较佳，由于采用人工搭棚方式，所以建议选用卧式电容较为方便。<br>
       </li>
       <li><strong>真空管管座：</strong>一般有PCB用及搭棚两种，在此选择搭棚用。台北地区西宁电子广场有多家商店出售。<br>
       </li>
       <li><strong>真空管：</strong>不同厂牌有不同的声音表现，不过对入门者建议可选用价格适中者即可，且4支功率管必须购买配对管。<br>
       </li>
       <li><strong>电源、输出变压器：</strong></li>
       </ol>
       
<ol>
  <p>电源变压器规格为：<br>
  110V： 280V-0-280V 500mA<br>
  6.3V 5A<br>
  12.6V 1A<br>
  输出变压器规格为：<br>
  3.5K ： 8ohm (可依需要加入 2ohm / 4ohm / 16ohm)
  </p>
  <p>一部管机的好坏，输出变压器占了极大的成份。在此建议不一定非买进口货不可，不妨订做一个，但需要以多层绕法绕制，如果能以多线并绕则更好。台北地区西宁电子广场附近有几家变压器厂可查询一下，国产坚新变压器也是不错的选择。</p>
  <li type="disc" value="6"><strong>底座：</strong>用铝箱钻孔或自制木箱。笔者即自制木箱，又便宜又好加工。<br>
  </li>
  <li type="disc" value="7"><strong>其它：</strong>如开关、输出输入端子等，可自行选购。</li>
</ol>
       <p>　</p>
        <h4>组装方式:</h4>
        <ol>
          <li>将准备好的底座钻好适当的圆孔，将管座及输出变压器锁上。<br>
          </li>
          <li>于底座内先銲上一支裸铜线，可找一般单心电线(AWG12 号以上)剥去外皮即可，以此作为GND，搭棚时所有GND均可就近銲上此铜线上。<br>
          </li>
          <li>銲上各真空管之灯丝电源，12AX7的灯丝为第4、5脚，EL34的灯丝为第2、7脚。<br>
          </li>
          <li>再依线路由左至右将零件銲上管座接脚，如零件脚位无对应之管座接脚，则可以銲线架代替之。<br>
          </li>
          <li>连接上高压电源V1、V2、V3。<br>
          </li>
          <li>连接底座内开关、输入/输出端子的接线。</li>
        </ol>
        <p>完成以上动作，请务必耐心检查所有电路一次。输出变压器的P1为起绕端与P2不可弄错，否则将引起震荡，最后插上管子。由于本机没有调整部份，因此只需插上电源即可工作。</p>
        <p>注意! 由于真空管工作于高压，切记在电容器尚未完全放电前，绝不可以手碰触底座内部的电路。</p>
        <p>附注：笔者身边还有两套零件可割爱，不过由于递送问题，只限CANADA地区DIYer，请直接以E-MAIL连络。</p>
        <p>地址是：</p>
        
<p>Ericson Technology Corp.<br>
  Eric Hsieh<br>
  #215A-301 Maude Road, Port Moody, B.C. Canada V3H 5B1 <br>
  ericson@vtcinet.com<br>
  Tel : (604)469-9660 Fax : (604)469-0688
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