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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"><html><head><title>SQLite Query Language: SQLite Keywords</title><style type="text/css">body { margin: auto; font-family: "Verdana" "sans-serif"; padding: 8px 1%;}a { color: #45735f }a:visited { color: #734559 }.logo { position:absolute; margin:3px; }.tagline { float:right; text-align:right; font-style:italic; width:240px; margin:12px; margin-top:58px;}.toolbar { font-variant: small-caps; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0; padding:1px 8px;}.toolbar a { color: white; text-decoration: none; padding: 6px 12px; }.toolbar a:visited { color: white; }.toolbar a:hover { color: #80a796; background: white; }.content { margin: 5%; }.content dt { font-weight:bold; }.content dd { margin-bottom: 25px; margin-left:20%; }.content ul { padding:0px; padding-left: 15px; margin:0px; }/* rounded corners */.se { background: url(images/se.png) 100% 100% no-repeat #80a796}.sw { background: url(images/sw.png) 0% 100% no-repeat }.ne { background: url(images/ne.png) 100% 0% no-repeat }.nw { background: url(images/nw.png) 0% 0% no-repeat }</style><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> </head><body><div><!-- container div to satisfy validator --><a href="index.html"><img class="logo" src="images/SQLite.gif" alt="SQLite Logo" border="0"></a><div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo--></div><div class="tagline">Small. Fast. Reliable.<br>Choose any three.</div><table width=100% style="clear:both"><tr><td> <div class="se"><div class="sw"><div class="ne"><div class="nw"> <div class="toolbar"> <a href="about.html">About</a> <a href="sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> <a href="docs.html">Documentation</a> <a href="download.html">Download</a> <a href="copyright.html">License</a> <a href="news.html">News</a> <a href="http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/index">Developers</a> <a href="support.html">Support</a> </div></div></div></div></div></td></tr></table> <a href="lang.html"><h2>SQL As Understood By SQLite</h2></a><h3>SQLite Keywords</h3></DIV><p>The SQL standard specifies a huge number of keywords which may notbe used as the names of tables, indices, columns, databases, user-definedfunctions, collations, virtual table modules, or any other named object.The list of keywords is so long that few people can remember them all.For most SQL code, your safest bet is to never use any English languageword as the name of a user-defined object.</p><p>If you want to use a keyword as a name, you need to quote it. Thereare three ways of quoting keywords in SQLite:</p><p><blockquote><table class="pdf_functions"><tr> <td valign="top"><b>'keyword'</b></td><td width="20"></td> <td>A keyword in single quotes is interpreted as a literal string if it occurs in a context where a string literal is allowed, otherwise it is understood as an identifier.</td></tr><tr> <td valign="top"><b>"keyword"</b></td><td></td> <td>A keyword in double-quotes is interpreted as an identifier if it matches a known identifier. Otherwise it is interpreted as a string literal.</td></tr><tr> <td valign="top"><b>[keyword]</b></td><td></td> <td>A keyword enclosed in square brackets is always understood as an identifier. This is not standard SQL. This quoting mechanism is used by MS Access and SQL Server and is included in SQLite for compatibility.</td></tr></table></blockquote></p><p>Quoted keywords are unaesthetic.To help you avoid them, SQLite allows many keywords to be used unquotedas the names of databases, tables, indices, triggers, views, columns,user-defined functions, collations, attached databases, and virtualfunction modules.In the list of keywords that follows, those that can be used as identifiersare shown in an italic font. Keywords that must be quoted in order to beused as identifiers are shown in bold.</p><p>SQLite adds new keywords from time to time when it take on new features.So to prevent your code from being broken by future enhancements, you shouldnormally quote any indentifier that is an English language word, even ifyou do not have to.</p><p>The following are the keywords currently recognized by SQLite:</p><blockquote><table width="100%" class="pdf_keywords"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%"><i>ABORT</i><br><b>ADD</b><br><i>AFTER</i><br><b>ALL</b><br><b>ALTER</b><br><i>ANALYZE</i><br><b>AND</b><br><b>AS</b><br><i>ASC</i><br><i>ATTACH</i><br><b>AUTOINCREMENT</b><br><i>BEFORE</i><br><i>BEGIN</i><br><b>BETWEEN</b><br><b>BY</b><br><i>CASCADE</i><br><b>CASE</b><br><i>CAST</i><br><b>CHECK</b><br><b>COLLATE</b><br><b>COLUMN</b><br><b>COMMIT</b><br><i>CONFLICT</i><br><b>CONSTRAINT</b><br></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="20%"><b>CREATE</b><br><b>CROSS</b><br><i>CURRENT_DATE</i><br><i>CURRENT_TIME</i><br><i>CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</i><br><i>DATABASE</i><br><b>DEFAULT</b><br><b>DEFERRABLE</b><br><i>DEFERRED</i><br><b>DELETE</b><br><i>DESC</i><br><i>DETACH</i><br><b>DISTINCT</b><br><b>DROP</b><br><i>EACH</i><br><b>ELSE</b><br><i>END</i><br><b>ESCAPE</b><br><b>EXCEPT</b><br><i>EXCLUSIVE</i><br><b>EXISTS</b><br><i>EXPLAIN</i><br><i>FAIL</i><br><i>FOR</i><br></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="20%"><b>FOREIGN</b><br><b>FROM</b><br><b>FULL</b><br><i>GLOB</i><br><b>GROUP</b><br><b>HAVING</b><br><i>IF</i><br><i>IGNORE</i><br><i>IMMEDIATE</i><br><b>IN</b><br><b>INDEX</b><br><i>INITIALLY</i><br><b>INNER</b><br><b>INSERT</b><br><i>INSTEAD</i><br><b>INTERSECT</b><br><b>INTO</b><br><b>IS</b><br><b>ISNULL</b><br><b>JOIN</b><br><i>KEY</i><br><b>LEFT</b><br><i>LIKE</i><br><b>LIMIT</b><br></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="20%"><i>MATCH</i><br><b>NATURAL</b><br><b>NOT</b><br><b>NOTNULL</b><br><b>NULL</b><br><i>OF</i><br><i>OFFSET</i><br><b>ON</b><br><b>OR</b><br><b>ORDER</b><br><b>OUTER</b><br><i>PLAN</i><br><i>PRAGMA</i><br><b>PRIMARY</b><br><i>QUERY</i><br><i>RAISE</i><br><b>REFERENCES</b><br><b>REGEXP</b><br><i>REINDEX</i><br><i>RENAME</i><br><i>REPLACE</i><br><i>RESTRICT</i><br><b>RIGHT</b><br><b>ROLLBACK</b><br></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="20%"><i>ROW</i><br><b>SELECT</b><br><b>SET</b><br><b>TABLE</b><br><i>TEMP</i><br><i>TEMPORARY</i><br><b>THEN</b><br><b>TO</b><br><b>TRANSACTION</b><br><i>TRIGGER</i><br><b>UNION</b><br><b>UNIQUE</b><br><b>UPDATE</b><br><b>USING</b><br><i>VACUUM</i><br><b>VALUES</b><br><i>VIEW</i><br><i>VIRTUAL</i><br><b>WHEN</b><br><b>WHERE</b><br></td></tr></table></blockquote><h2>Special names</h2><p>The following are not keywords in SQLite, but are used as names of system objects. They can be used as an identifier for a different type of object.</p><blockquote class="pdf_keywords"><b> _ROWID_<br> MAIN<br> OID<br> ROWID<br> SQLITE_MASTER<br> SQLITE_SEQUENCE<br> SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER<br> TEMP<br></b></blockquote><hr><small><i>This page last modified 2008/04/15 19:31:05 UTC</i></small></div></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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