wanpipe.txt

ARM 嵌入式 系统 设计与实例开发 实验教材 二源码

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Linux WAN Router Utilities Package
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Version 2.2.1 
Mar 28, 2001
Author: Nenad Corbic <[e-mail]>
Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Sangoma Technologies Inc.
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INTRODUCTION

Wide Area Networks (WANs) are used to interconnect Local Area Networks (LANs)
and/or stand-alone hosts over vast distances with data transfer rates
significantly higher than those achievable with commonly used dial-up
connections.

Usually an external device called `WAN router' sitting on your local network
or connected to your machine's serial port provides physical connection to
WAN.  Although router's job may be as simple as taking your local network
traffic, converting it to WAN format and piping it through the WAN link, these
devices are notoriously expensive, with prices as much as 2 - 5 times higher
then the price of a typical PC box.

Alternatively, considering robustness and multitasking capabilities of Linux,
an internal router can be built (most routers use some sort of stripped down
Unix-like operating system anyway). With a number of relatively inexpensive WAN
interface cards available on the market, a perfectly usable router can be
built for less than half a price of an external router.  Yet a Linux box
acting as a router can still be used for other purposes, such as fire-walling,
running FTP, WWW or DNS server, etc.

This kernel module introduces the notion of a WAN Link Driver (WLD) to Linux
operating system and provides generic hardware-independent services for such
drivers.  Why can existing Linux network device interface not be used for
this purpose?  Well, it can.  However, there are a few key differences between
a typical network interface (e.g. Ethernet) and a WAN link.

Many WAN protocols, such as X.25 and frame relay, allow for multiple logical
connections (known as `virtual circuits' in X.25 terminology) over a single
physical link.  Each such virtual circuit may (and almost always does) lead
to a different geographical location and, therefore, different network.  As a
result, it is the virtual circuit, not the physical link, that represents a
route and, therefore, a network interface in Linux terms.

To further complicate things, virtual circuits are usually volatile in nature
(excluding so called `permanent' virtual circuits or PVCs).  With almost no
time required to set up and tear down a virtual circuit, it is highly desirable
to implement on-demand connections in order to minimize network charges.  So
unlike a typical network driver, the WAN driver must be able to handle multiple
network interfaces and cope as multiple virtual circuits come into existence
and go away dynamically.
 
Last, but not least, WAN configuration is much more complex than that of say
Ethernet and may well amount to several dozens of parameters.  Some of them
are "link-wide"  while others are virtual circuit-specific.  The same holds
true for WAN statistics which is by far more extensive and extremely useful
when troubleshooting WAN connections.  Extending the ifconfig utility to suit
these needs may be possible, but does not seem quite reasonable.  Therefore, a
WAN configuration utility and corresponding application programmer's interface
is needed for this purpose.

Most of these problems are taken care of by this module.  Its goal is to
provide a user with more-or-less standard look and feel for all WAN devices and
assist a WAN device driver writer by providing common services, such as:

 o User-level interface via /proc file system
 o Centralized configuration
 o Device management (setup, shutdown, etc.)
 o Network interface management (dynamic creation/destruction)
 o Protocol encapsulation/decapsulation

To ba able to use the Linux WAN Router you will also need a WAN Tools package
available from

	ftp.sangoma.com/pub/linux/current_wanpipe/wanpipe-X.Y.Z.tgz

where vX.Y.Z represent the wanpipe version number.

For technical questions and/or comments please e-mail to [e-mail].
For general inquiries please contact Sangoma Technologies Inc. by

	Hotline:	[phone]	(USA and Canada, toll free)
	Phone:		[phone]  ext: 106
	Fax:		[phone]
	E-mail:		[e-mail]	(David Mandelstam)
	WWW:		http://www.sangoma.com


INSTALLATION

Please read the WanpipeForLinux.pdf manual on how to 
install the WANPIPE tools and drivers properly. 


After installing wanpipe package: /usr/local/wanrouter/doc. 
On the ftp.sangoma.com : /linux/current_wanpipe/doc


COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING INFORMATION

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass
Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This product is based on the WANPIPE(tm) Multiprotocol WAN Router developed
by Sangoma Technologies Inc. for Linux 2.0.x and 2.2.x.  Success of the WANPIPE
together with the next major release of Linux kernel in summer 1996 commanded
adequate changes to the WANPIPE code to take full advantage of new Linux
features.

Instead of continuing developing proprietary interface tied to Sangoma WAN
cards, we decided to separate all hardware-independent code into a separate
module and defined two levels of interfaces - one for user-level applications
and another for kernel-level WAN drivers.  WANPIPE is now implemented as a
WAN driver compliant with the WAN Link Driver interface.  Also a general
purpose WAN configuration utility and a set of shell scripts was developed to 
support WAN router at the user level.

Many useful ideas concerning hardware-independent interface implementation
were given by Mike McLagan <[e-mail]> and his implementation
of the Frame Relay router and drivers for Sangoma cards (dlci/sdla).

With the new implementation of the APIs being incorporated into the WANPIPE,
a special thank goes to Alan Cox in providing insight into BSD sockets.

Special thanks to all the WANPIPE users who performed field-testing, reported
bugs and made valuable comments and suggestions that help us to improve this
product.



NEW IN THIS RELEASE

	o Updated the WANCFG utility
		Calls the pppconfig to configure the PPPD
		for async connections.

	o Added the PPPCONFIG utility
		Used to configure the PPPD dameon for the
		WANPIPE Async PPP and standard serial port.
		The wancfg calls the pppconfig to configure
		the pppd.

	o Fixed the PCI autodetect feature.  
		The SLOT 0 was used as an autodetect option
		however, some high end PC's slot numbers start
		from 0. 

	o This release has been tested with the new backupd
	  daemon release.
	

PRODUCT COMPONENTS AND RELATED FILES

/etc: (or user defined)
	wanpipe1.conf	default router configuration file

/lib/modules/X.Y.Z/misc:
	wanrouter.o	router kernel loadable module
	af_wanpipe.o	wanpipe api socket module

/lib/modules/X.Y.Z/net:
	sdladrv.o	Sangoma SDLA support module
	wanpipe.o	Sangoma WANPIPE(tm) driver module

/proc/net/wanrouter
	Config		reads current router configuration
	Status		reads current router status
	{name}		reads WAN driver statistics

/usr/sbin:
	wanrouter	wanrouter start-up script
	wanconfig	wanrouter configuration utility
	sdladump	WANPIPE adapter memory dump utility
        fpipemon        Monitor for Frame Relay
        cpipemon        Monitor for Cisco HDLC
	ppipemon 	Monitor for PPP
	xpipemon 	Monitor for X25
	wpkbdmon        WANPIPE keyboard led monitor/debugger

/usr/local/wanrouter:
	README		this file
	COPYING		GNU General Public License
	Setup		installation script
	Filelist	distribution definition file
	wanrouter.rc	meta-configuration file 
			(used by the Setup and wanrouter script)

/usr/local/wanrouter/doc:
	wanpipeForLinux.pdf 	WAN Router User's Manual

/usr/local/wanrouter/patches:
	wanrouter-v2213.gz  	patch for Linux kernels 2.2.11 up to 2.2.13.
	wanrouter-v2214.gz	patch for Linux kernel 2.2.14. 
	wanrouter-v2215.gz	patch for Linux kernels 2.2.15 to 2.2.17.
	wanrouter-v2218.gz	patch for Linux kernels 2.2.18 and up.
	wanrouter-v240.gz	patch for Linux kernel 2.4.0.  
	wanrouter-v242.gz	patch for Linux kernel 2.4.2 and up.
	wanrouter-v2034.gz	patch for Linux kernel 2.0.34
	wanrouter-v2036.gz 	patch for Linux kernel 2.0.36 and up. 

/usr/local/wanrouter/patches/kdrivers:
	Sources of the latest WANPIPE device drivers.
	These are used to UPGRADE the linux kernel to the newest
	version if the kernel source has already been pathced with
	WANPIPE drivers.

/usr/local/wanrouter/samples:
	interface	sample interface configuration file
	wanpipe1.cpri 	CHDLC primary port
     	wanpipe2.csec 	CHDLC secondary port
     	wanpipe1.fr   	Frame Relay protocol
     	wanpipe1.ppp  	PPP protocol ) 
	wanpipe1.asy	CHDLC ASYNC protocol
	wanpipe1.x25	X25 protocol
	wanpipe1.stty	Sync TTY driver (Used by Kernel PPPD daemon)
	wanpipe1.atty	Async TTY driver (Used by Kernel PPPD daemon)
	wanrouter.rc	sample meta-configuration file

/usr/local/wanrouter/util:
	*		wan-tools utilities source code

/usr/local/wanrouter/api/x25:
	*		x25 api sample programs.
/usr/local/wanrouter/api/chdlc:
	*		chdlc api sample programs.
/usr/local/wanrouter/api/fr:
	*		fr api sample programs.
/usr/local/wanrouter/config/wancfg:
	wancfg		WANPIPE GUI configuration program.
                        Creates wanpipe#.conf files. 
/usr/local/wanrouter/config/cfgft1:
	cfgft1		GUI CSU/DSU configuration program.

/usr/include/linux:
	wanrouter.h	router API definitions
	wanpipe.h	WANPIPE API definitions
	sdladrv.h	SDLA support module API definitions
	sdlasfm.h	SDLA firmware module definitions
	if_wanpipe.h	WANPIPE Socket definitions
	if_wanpipe_common.h	WANPIPE Socket/Driver common definitions.
	sdlapci.h	WANPIPE PCI definitions
	

/usr/src/linux/net/wanrouter:
	*		wanrouter source code

/var/log:
	wanrouter	wanrouter start-up log (created by the Setup script)

/var/lock:  (or /var/lock/subsys for RedHat)
	wanrouter	wanrouter lock file (created by the Setup script)

/usr/local/wanrouter/firmware:
	fr514.sfm	Frame relay firmware for Sangoma S508/S514 card
	cdual514.sfm	Dual Port Cisco HDLC firmware for Sangoma S508/S514 card
	ppp514.sfm      PPP Firmware for Sangoma S508 and S514 cards
	x25_508.sfm	X25 Firmware for Sangoma S508 card.


REVISION HISTORY

1.0.0	December 31, 1996	Initial version

1.0.1	January 30, 1997	Status and statistics can be read via /proc
				filesystem entries.

1.0.2   April 30, 1997          Added UDP management via monitors.

1.0.3	June 3, 1997		UDP management for multiple boards using Frame
				Relay and PPP
				Enabled continuous transmission of Configure 
				Request Packet for PPP (for 508 only)
				Connection Timeout for PPP changed from 900 to 0
				Flow Control Problem fixed for Frame Relay

1.0.4	July 10, 1997		S508/FT1 monitoring capability in fpipemon and
				ppipemon utilities.
				Configurable TTL for UDP packets.
				Multicast and Broadcast IP source addresses are
				silently discarded.

1.0.5	July 28, 1997		Configurable T391,T392,N391,N392,N393 for Frame
				Relay in router.conf.
				Configurable Memory Address through router.conf 
				for Frame Relay, PPP and X.25. (commenting this
 				out enables auto-detection).
				Fixed freeing up received buffers using kfree()
 				for Frame Relay and X.25.
				Protect sdla_peek() by calling save_flags(),
				cli() and restore_flags().
				Changed number of Trace elements from 32 to 20
				Added DLCI specific data monitoring in FPIPEMON. 
2.0.0	Nov 07, 1997		Implemented protection of RACE conditions by 
				critical flags for FRAME RELAY and PPP.
				DLCI List interrupt mode implemented.
				IPX support in FRAME RELAY and PPP.
				IPX Server Support (MARS)
				More driver specific stats included in FPIPEMON
				and PIPEMON.