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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII"><title>Tree and List Widget Overview</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.73.2"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="GTK+ Reference Manual"><link rel="up" href="TreeWidgetObjects.html" title="Tree, List and Icon Grid Widgets"><link rel="prev" href="TreeWidgetObjects.html" title="Tree, List and Icon Grid Widgets"><link rel="next" href="GtkTreeModel.html" title="GtkTreeModel"><meta name="generator" content="GTK-Doc V1.9 (XML mode)"><link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css"><link rel="part" href="gtk.html" title="Part I. GTK+ Overview"><link rel="part" href="gtkbase.html" title="Part II. GTK+ Core Reference"><link rel="part" href="gtkobjects.html" title="Part III. GTK+ Widgets and Objects"><link rel="chapter" href="ch01.html" title="Object Hierarchy"><link rel="chapter" href="ch02.html" 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GtkTooltip"><link rel="part" href="pt05.html" title="Part V. GTK+ Tools"><link rel="glossary" href="glossary.html" title="Glossary"><link rel="index" href="ix01.html" title="Index"><link rel="index" href="ix02.html" title="Index of deprecated symbols"><link rel="index" href="ix03.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.2"><link rel="index" href="ix04.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.4"><link rel="index" href="ix05.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.6"><link rel="index" href="ix06.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.8"><link rel="index" href="ix07.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.10"><link rel="index" href="ix08.html" title="Index of new symbols in 2.12"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><table class="navigation" id="top" width="100%" summary="Navigation header" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"><tr valign="middle"><td><a accesskey="p" href="TreeWidgetObjects.html"><img src="left.png" width="24" height="24" border="0" alt="Prev"></a></td><td><a accesskey="u" href="TreeWidgetObjects.html"><img src="up.png" width="24" height="24" border="0" alt="Up"></a></td><td><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="home.png" width="24" height="24" border="0" alt="Home"></a></td><th width="100%" align="center">GTK+ Reference Manual</th><td><a accesskey="n" href="GtkTreeModel.html"><img src="right.png" width="24" height="24" border="0" alt="Next"></a></td></tr></table><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="TreeWidget"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><table width="100%"><tr><td valign="top"><h2><span class="refentrytitle">Tree and List Widget Overview</span></h2><p>Tree and List Widget Overview — Overview of GtkTreeModel, GtkTreeView, and friends</p></td><td valign="top" align="right"></td></tr></table></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id3670103"></a><h2>Overview</h2><p> To create a tree or list in GTK+, use the <a class="link" href="GtkTreeModel.html" title="GtkTreeModel"><span class="type">GtkTreeModel</span></a> interface in conjunction with the <a class="link" href="GtkTreeView.html" title="GtkTreeView"><span class="type">GtkTreeView</span></a> widget. This widget is designed around a <em class="firstterm">Model/View/Controller</em> design and consists of four major parts: </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>The tree view widget (<span class="structname">GtkTreeView</span>)</td></tr><tr><td>The view column (<span class="structname">GtkTreeViewColumn</span>)</td></tr><tr><td>The cell renderers (<span class="structname">GtkCellRenderer</span> etc.)</td></tr><tr><td>The model interface (<span class="structname">GtkTreeModel</span>)</td></tr></table><p> The <span class="emphasis"><em>View</em></span> is composed of the first three objects, while the last is the <span class="emphasis"><em>Model</em></span>. One of the prime benefits of the MVC design is that multiple views can be created of a single model. For example, a model mapping the file system could be created for a file manager. Many views could be created to display various parts of the file system, but only one copy need be kept in memory. </p><p> The purpose of the cell renderers is to provide extensibility to the widget and to allow multiple ways of rendering the same type of data. For example, consider how to render a boolean variable. Should it render it as a string of "True" or "False", "On" or "Off", or should it be rendered as a checkbox? </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id3670799"></a><h2>Creating a model</h2><p> GTK+ provides two simple models that can be used: the <a class="link" href="GtkListStore.html" title="GtkListStore"><span class="type">GtkListStore</span></a> and the <a class="link" href="GtkTreeStore.html" title="GtkTreeStore"><span class="type">GtkTreeStore</span></a>. GtkListStore is used to model list widgets, while the GtkTreeStore models trees. It is possible to develop a new type of model, but the existing models should be satisfactory for all but the most specialized of situations. Creating the model is quite simple: </p><div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">GtkListStore *store = gtk_list_store_new (2, G_TYPE_STRING, G_TYPE_BOOLEAN);</pre></div><p> This creates a list store with two columns: a string column and a boolean column. Typically the 2 is never passed directly like that; usually an enum is created wherein the different columns are enumerated, followed by a token that represents the total number of columns. The next example will illustrate this, only using a tree store instead of a list store. Creating a tree store operates almost exactly the same. </p><div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">enum{ TITLE_COLUMN, AUTHOR_COLUMN, CHECKED_COLUMN, N_COLUMNS};GtkTreeStore *store = gtk_tree_store_new (N_COLUMNS, /* Total number of columns */ G_TYPE_STRING, /* Book title */ G_TYPE_STRING, /* Author */ G_TYPE_BOOLEAN); /* Is checked out? */</pre></div><p> Adding data to the model is done using <a class="link" href="GtkTreeStore.html#gtk-tree-store-set"><code class="function">gtk_tree_store_set()</code></a> or <a class="link" href="GtkListStore.html#gtk-list-store-set"><code class="function">gtk_list_store_set()</code></a>, depending upon which sort of model was created. To do this, a <a class="link" href="GtkTreeModel.html#GtkTreeIter"><span class="type">GtkTreeIter</span></a> must be acquired. The iterator points to the location where data will be added. </p><p> Once an iterator has been acquired, <a class="link" href="GtkTreeStore.html#gtk-tree-store-set"><code class="function">gtk_tree_store_set()</code></a> is used to apply data to the part of the model that the iterator points to. Consider the following example: </p><div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">GtkTreeIter iter;gtk_tree_store_append (store, &iter, NULL); /* Acquire an iterator */gtk_tree_store_set (store, &iter, TITLE_COLUMN, "The Principle of Reason", AUTHOR_COLUMN, "Martin Heidegger", CHECKED_COLUMN, FALSE, -1);</pre></div><p> Notice that the last argument is -1. This is always done because this is a variable-argument function and it needs to know when to stop processing arguments. It can be used to set the data in any or all columns in a given row. </p><p> The third argument to <a class="link" href="GtkTreeStore.html#gtk-tree-store-append"><code class="function">gtk_tree_store_append()</code></a> is the parent iterator. It is used to add a row to a GtkTreeStore as a child of an existing row. This means that the new row will only be visible when its parent is visible and in its expanded state. Consider the following example: </p><div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">GtkTreeIter iter1; /* Parent iter */GtkTreeIter iter2; /* Child iter */gtk_tree_store_append (store, &iter1, NULL); /* Acquire a top-level iterator */gtk_tree_store_set (store, &iter1, TITLE_COLUMN, "The Art of Computer Programming", AUTHOR_COLUMN, "Donald E. Knuth", CHECKED_COLUMN, FALSE, -1);gtk_tree_store_append (store, &iter2, &iter1); /* Acquire a child iterator */gtk_tree_store_set (store, &iter2, TITLE_COLUMN, "Volume 1: Fundamental Algorithms", -1);⌨️ 快捷键说明
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