zoo.man

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ZOO(1)                  REFERENCE MANUAL                   ZOO(1)

NAME
     zoo - manipulate archives of files in compressed form

SYNOPSIS
     zoo {acfDeghHlLPTuUvVx}[aAcCdEfghImMnNoOpPqSu1:/.@n+-=]
     archive [file] ...
     zoo -command archive [file] ...
     zoo h

DESCRIPTION
     Zoo is used to create and maintain collections of files in
     compressed form.  It uses a Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm
     that gives space savings in the range of 20% to 80% depend-
     ing on the type of file data.  Zoo can store and selectively
     extract multiple generations of the same file.  Data can be
     recovered from damaged archives by skipping the damaged por-
     tion and locating undamaged data with the help of fiz(1).

     This documentation is for version 2.1.  Changes from previ-
     ous versions are described in the section labelled CHANGES.

     The command zoo h gives a summary of commands.  Extended
     multiscreen help can be obtained with zoo H.

     Zoo will not add an archive to itself, nor add the archive's
     backup (with .bak extension to the filename) to the archive.

     Zoo has two types of commands:  Expert commands, which con-
     sist of one command letter followed by zero or more modifier
     characters, and Novice commands, which consist of a hyphen
     (`-') followed by a command word that may be abbreviated.
     Expert commands are case-sensitive but Novice commands are
     not.

     When zoo adds a file to an existing archive, the default
     action is to maintain one generation of each file in an
     archive and to mark any older generation as deleted.  A
     limit on the number of generations to save can be specified
     by the user for an entire archive, or for each file indivi-
     dually, or both.  Zoo deletes a stored copy of an added file
     if necessary to prevent the number of stored generations
     from exceeding the user-specified limit.

     Deleted files may be later undeleted.  Archives may be
     packed to recover space occupied by deleted files.

     All commands assume that the archive name ends with the
     characters .zoo unless a different extension is supplied.

     Novice commands

     Novice commands may be abbreviated to a hyphen followed by
     at least one command character.  Each Novice command works
     in two stages. First, the command does its intended work.
     Then, if the result was that one or more files were deleted
     in the specified archive, the archive is packed.  If packing
     occurs, the original unpacked archive is always left behind
     with an extension of .bak.

     No Novice command ever stores the directory prefix of a
     file.

     The Novice commands are as follows.

     -add    Adds the specified files to the archive.

     -freshen
          Adds a specified file to the archive if and only if an
          older file by the same name already exists in the
          archive.

     -delete
          Deletes the specified files from the archive.

     -update
          Adds a specified file to the archive either:  if an
          older file by the same name already exists in the
          archive or:  if a file by the same name does not
          already exist in the archive.

     -extract
          Extracts the specified files from the archive.  If no
          file is specified all files are extracted.

     -move
          Equivalent to -add except that source files are deleted
          after addition.

     -print
          Equivalent to -extract except that extracted data are
          sent to standard output.

     -list
          Gives information about the specified archived files
          including any attached comments.  If no files are
          specified all files are listed.  Deleted files are not
          listed.

     -test
          Equivalent to -extract except that the extracted data
          are not saved but any errors encountered are reported.

     -comment
          Allows the user to add or update comments attached to
          archived files.  When prompted, the user may:  type a
          carriage return to skip the file, leaving any current
          comment unchanged;  or type a (possibly null) comment
          of up to 32,767 characters terminated by /end (case-
          insensitive) on a separate line;  or type the end-of-
          file character (normally control D) to skip all remain-
          ing files.

     -delete
          Deletes the specified files.

     The correspondence between Novice and Expert commands is as follows.

     Novice                                        Equivalent
     Command    Description                        Expert Command
     ____________________________________________________________
     -add       add files to archive               aP:
     -extract   extract files from archive         x
     -move      move files to archive              aMP:
     -test      test archive integrity             xNd
     -print     extract files to standard output   xp
     -delete    delete files from archive          DP
     -list      list archive contents              VC
     -update    add new or newer files             aunP:
     -freshen   by add newer files                 auP:
     -comment   add comments to files              c

     Expert commands

     The general format of expert commands is:

     zoo {acfDeghHlLPTuUvVx}[aAcCdEfghImMnNoOpPqSu1:/.@n+-=]
     archive [file] ...

     The characters enclosed within {} are commands.  Choose any
     one of these.  The characters enclosed within [] just to the
     right of the {} are modifiers and zero or more of these may
     immediately follow the command character.  All combinations
     of command and modifier characters may not be valid.

     Files are added to an archive with the command:

     zoo {au}[cfhIMnPqu:+-] archive [file] ...

     Command characters are:

     a    Add each specified file to archive.  Any already-
          archived copy of the file is deleted if this is neces-
          sary to avoid exceeding the user-specified limit on the
          number of generations of the file to maintain in the
          archive.

     u    Do an update of the archive.  A specified file is added
          to the archive only if a copy of it is already in the
          archive and the copy being added is newer than the copy
          already in the archive.

     The following modifiers are specific to these commands.

     M    Move files to archive.  This makes zoo delete (unlink)
          the original files after they have been added to the
          archive.  Files are deleted after addition of all files
          to the archive is complete and after any requested
          packing of the archive has been done, and only if zoo
          detected no errors.

     n    Add new files only.  A specified file is added only if
          it isn't already in the archive.

     h    Use the high performance compression algorithm. This
          option may be used with either the add (a) or filter
          (f) commands to gain extra compression at the expense
          of using somewhat more processor time. Extracting files
          compressed with the method is usually slightly faster
          than those saved with the default method.

     P    Pack archive after files have been added.

     u    Applied to the a command, this modifier makes it behave
          identically to the u command.

          The combination of the n modifier with the u modifier
          or u command causes addition of a file to the archive
          either if the file is not already in the archive, or if
          the file is already in the archive but the archived
          copy is older than the copy being added.

     :    Do not store directory names.  In the absence of this
          modifier zoo stores the full pathname of each archived
          file.

     I    Read filenames to be archived from standard input. Zoo
          will read its standard input and assume that each line
          of text contains a filename.  Under AmigaDOS and the
          **IX family, the entire line is used.  Under MS-DOS and
          VAX/VMS, zoo assumes that the filename is terminated by
          a blank, tab, or newline; thus it is permissible for
          the line of text to contain more than one field
          separated by white space, and only the first field will
          be used.

          Under the **IX family of operating systems, zoo can be
          used as follows in a pipeline:

               find . -print | zoo aI sources

          If the I modifier is specified, no filenames may be
          supplied on the command line itself.

     +,-  These modifiers take effect only if the a command
          results in the creation of a new archive.  + causes any
          newly-created archive to have generations enabled.  -
          is provided for symmetry and causes any newly-created
          archive to have generations disabled;  this is also the
          default if neither + nor - is specified.

     Files are extracted from an archive with the command:

     zoo {ex}[dNoOpqS./@] archive [file] ...

     The e and x commands are synonymous.  If no file was speci-
     fied, all files are extracted from the archive.

     The following modifiers are specific to the e and x com-
     mands:

     N    Do not save extracted data but report any errors
          encountered.

     O    Overwrite files.  Normally, if a file being extracted
          would overwrite an already-existing file of the same
          name, zoo asks you if you really want to overwrite it.
          You may answer the question with `y', which means yes,
          overwrite; or `n', which means no, don't overwrite; or
          `a', which means assume the answer is `y' for this and
          all subsequent files.  The O modifier makes zoo assume
          that files may always be overwritten.  Neither answer-
          ing the question affirmatively nor using O alone will
          cause read-only files to be overwritten.

          On **IX systems, however, doubling this modifier as OO
          will force zoo to unconditionally overwrite any read-
          protected files with extracted files if it can do so.

          The O, N, and p modifiers are mutually exclusive.

     S    Supersede newer files on disk with older extracted
          files.  Unless this modifier is used, zoo will not
          overwrite a newer existing file with an older extracted
          file.

     o    This is equivalent to the O modifier if and only if it
          is given at least twice.  It is otherwise ignored.

     p    Pipe extracted data to standard output.  Error messages
          are piped to standard output as well.  However, if a
          bad CRC is detected, an error message is sent both to
          standard error and to standard output.

     /    Extract to original pathname.  Any needed directories
          must already exist.  In the absence of this modifier
          all files are extracted into the current directory.  If
          this modifier is doubled as //, required directories
          need not exist and are created if necessary.

     The management of multiple generations of archived files is
     done with the commands: