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## DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version# 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU# General Public License version 2 for more details (a copy is# included at /legal/license.txt).## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License# version 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA# 02110-1301 USA## Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa# Clara, CA 95054 or visit www.sun.com if you need additional# information or have any questions.## @(#)asia 8.23# <pre># This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):## A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).## Gwillim Law writes that a good source# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries# of the IATA's data after 1990.## Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.## Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which# I found in the UCLA library.## A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).## I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.# Corrections are welcome!# std dst# LMT Local Mean Time# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time# 2:00 IST IDT Israel# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran# 4:00 GST Gulf*# 5:30 IST India# 7:00 ICT Indochina*# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia# 8:00 CST China# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia# 9:00 JST JDT Japan# 9:00 KST KDT Korea# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time## See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.# From Guy Harris:# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.################################################################################ These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 SRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 SRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 SRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 SRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 SRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 SRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -# Afghanistan# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 4:00 - AFT 1945 4:30 - AFT# Armenia# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 4:00 - AMT 1997 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT# Azerbaijan# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 SRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 4:00 Azer AZ%sT# Bahrain# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 3:00 - AST# Bangladesh# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time# Bhutan# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time# British Indian Ocean Territory# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 6:00 - IOT# Brunei# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 7:30 - BNT 1933 8:00 - BNT# Burma / Myanmar# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time# Cambodia# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 7:00 - ICT# China# From Guy Harris:# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.## . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):## 1986 May 4 - Sept 14# 1987 mid-April - ??# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other# pre-1980 time zones.# From Shanks & Pottenger:# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/SRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 DRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 SRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 DRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 DRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 SRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).## From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began# observing daylight saving time in 1986.## From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11):# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated # separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't # implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near # Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a # "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was # ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s).## From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with# Shanks & Pottenger.# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), JilinZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 8:00 - CST 1940 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")# most of ChinaZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 8:00 PRC C%sT# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 8:00 PRC C%sT# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 8:00 PRC C%sT# Kunlun Time# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,# and Yarkand.Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
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