animator.java

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/*
 * %W% %E% Herb Jellinek
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1994-1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
 * and its documentation for NON-COMMERCIAL or COMMERCIAL purposes and
 * without fee is hereby granted. 
 * Please refer to the file http://java.sun.com/copy_trademarks.html
 * for further important copyright and trademark information and to
 * http://java.sun.com/licensing.html for further important licensing
 * information for the Java (tm) Technology.
 * 
 * SUN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF
 * THE SOFTWARE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
 * PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. SUN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR
 * DISTRIBUTING THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS NOT DESIGNED OR INTENDED FOR USE OR RESALE AS ON-LINE
 * CONTROL EQUIPMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS REQUIRING FAIL-SAFE
 * PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES, AIRCRAFT
 * NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL, DIRECT LIFE
 * SUPPORT MACHINES, OR WEAPONS SYSTEMS, IN WHICH THE FAILURE OF THE
 * SOFTWARE COULD LEAD DIRECTLY TO DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE
 * PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ("HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES").  SUN
 * SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR
 * HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES.
 */

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.ImageProducer;
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.applet.AudioClip;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;

/**
 * An applet that plays a sequence of images, as a loop or a one-shot.
 * Can have a soundtrack and/or sound effects tied to individual frames.
 *
 * @author Herb Jellinek
 * @version %I%, %G%
 */

public class Animator extends Applet implements Runnable {
    
    /**
     * The images, in display order (Images).
     */
    Vector images = null;

    /**
     * Duration of each image (Integers, in milliseconds).
     */
    Hashtable durations = null;

    /**
     * Sound effects for each image (AudioClips).
     */
    Hashtable sounds = null;

    /**
     * Position of each image (Points).
     */
    Hashtable positions = null;

    /**
     * Background image URL, if any.
     */
    URL backgroundImageURL = null;

    /**
     * Background image, if any.
     */
    Image backgroundImage = null;

    /**
     * Start-up image URL, if any.
     */
    URL startUpImageURL = null;

    /**
     * Start-up image, if any.
     */
    Image startUpImage = null;

    /**
     * The soundtrack's URL.
     */
    URL soundtrackURL = null;

    /**
     * The soundtrack.
     */
    AudioClip soundtrack;

    /**
     * Largest width.
     */
    int maxWidth = 0;

    /**
     * Largest height.
     */
    int maxHeight = 0;

    /**
     * Was there a problem loading the current image?
     */
    boolean imageLoadError = false;

    /**
     * The directory or URL from which the images are loaded
     */
    URL imageSource = null;

    /**
     * The directory or URL from which the sounds are loaded
     */
    URL soundSource = null;

    /**
     * The thread animating the images.
     */
    Thread engine = null;

    /**
     * The current loop slot - index into 'images.'
     */
    int frameNum;

    /**
     * frameNum as an Object - suitable for use as a Hashtable key.
     */
    Integer frameNumKey;
    
    /**
     * The current X position (for painting).
     */
    int xPos = 0;
    
    /**
     * The current Y position (for painting).
     */
    int yPos = 0;
    
    /**
     * The default number of milliseconds to wait between frames.
     */
    public static final int defaultPause = 3900;
    
    /**
     * The global delay between images, which can be overridden by
     * the PAUSE parameter.
     */
    int globalPause = defaultPause;

    /**
     * Whether or not the thread has been paused by the user.
     */
    boolean userPause = false;

    /**
     * Repeat the animation?  If false, just play it once.
     */
    boolean repeat;

    /**
     * Load all images before starting display, or do it asynchronously?
     */
    boolean loadFirst;
    
    /**
     * The offscreen image, used in double buffering
     */
    Image offScrImage;

    /**
     * The offscreen graphics context, used in double buffering
     */
    Graphics offScrGC;

    /**
     * Can we paint yet?
     */
    boolean loaded = false;

    /**
     * Was there an initialization error?
     */
    boolean error = false;

    /**
     * What we call an image file in messages.
     */
    final static String imageLabel = "image";
    
    /**
     * What we call a sound file in messages.
     */
    final static String soundLabel = "sound";
    
    /**
     * Print silly debugging info?
     */
    boolean debug = false;

    /**
     * Info.
     */
    public String getAppletInfo() {
	return "Animator by Herb Jellinek";
    }

    /**
     * Parameter Info
     */
    public String[][] getParameterInfo() {
	String[][] info = {
	    {"imagesource", 	"url", 		"a directory"},
	    {"startup", 	"url", 		"displayed at startup"},
	    {"background", 	"url", 		"displayed as background"},
	    {"startimage", 	"int", 		"start index"},
	    {"endimage", 	"int", 		"end index"},
	    {"pause", 	        "int", 		"milliseconds"},
	    {"pauses", 	        "ints", 	"milliseconds"},
	    {"repeat", 	        "boolean", 	"repeat or not"},
	    {"positions",	"coordinates", 	"path"},
	    {"soundsource",	"url", 		"audio directory"},
	    {"soundtrack",	"url", 		"background music"},
	    {"sounds",		"urls",		"audio samples"},
	};
	return info;
    }

    /**
     * Print silly debugging info.
     */
    void dbg(String s) {
	if (debug) {
	    System.out.println(s);
	}
    }

    final int setFrameNum(int newFrameNum) {
	frameNumKey = new Integer(frameNum = newFrameNum);
	return frameNum;
    }
    
    public synchronized boolean imageUpdate(Image img, int infoFlags,
				            int x, int y,
					    int width, int height) {
        if ((infoFlags & ERROR) != 0) {
	    imageLoadError = true;
	}

	notifyAll();
	return true;
    }

    void updateMaxDims(Dimension dim) {
	maxWidth = Math.max(dim.width, maxWidth);
	maxHeight = Math.max(dim.height, maxHeight);
    }

    /**
     * Parse the IMAGES parameter.  It looks like
     * 1|2|3|4|5, etc., where each number (item) names a source image.
     *
     * Returns a Vector of image file names.
     */
    Vector parseImages(String attr) {
	Vector result = new Vector(10);
	for (int i = 0; i < attr.length(); ) {
	    int next = attr.indexOf('|', i);
	    if (next == -1) next = attr.length();
	    String file = attr.substring(i, next);
	    result.addElement(file);
	    i = next + 1;
	}
	return result;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch the images named in the argument, updating 
     * maxWidth and maxHeight as we go.
     * Is restartable.
     *
     * @return URL of the first bogus file we hit, null if OK.
     */
    URL fetchImages(Vector images) {
	for (int i = 0; i < images.size(); i++) {
	    Object o = images.elementAt(i);
	    if (o instanceof URL) {
		URL url = (URL)o;
		tellLoadingMsg(url, imageLabel);
		Image im = getImage(url);
		try {
		    updateMaxDims(getImageDimensions(im));
		} catch (Exception e) {
		    return url;
		}
		images.setElementAt(im, i);
	    }
	}
	return null;
    }

    /**
     * Parse the SOUNDS parameter.  It looks like
     * train.au||hello.au||stop.au, etc., where each item refers to a
     * source image.  Empty items mean that the corresponding image
     * has no associated sound.
     *
     * @return a Hashtable of SoundClips keyed to Integer frame numbers.
     */
    Hashtable parseSounds(String attr, Vector images)
    throws MalformedURLException {
	Hashtable result = new Hashtable();

	int imageNum = 0;
	int numImages = images.size();
	for (int i = 0; i < attr.length(); ) {
	    if (imageNum >= numImages) break;
	    
	    int next = attr.indexOf('|', i);
	    if (next == -1) next = attr.length();
	    
	    String sound = attr.substring(i, next);
	    if (sound.length() != 0) {
		result.put(new Integer(imageNum),
			   new URL(soundSource, sound));
	    }
	    i = next + 1;
	    imageNum++;
	}

	return result;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch the sounds named in the argument.
     * Is restartable.
     *
     * @return URL of the first bogus file we hit, null if OK.
     */
    URL fetchSounds(Hashtable sounds) {
	for (Enumeration e = sounds.keys() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) {
	    Integer num = (Integer)e.nextElement();
	    Object o = sounds.get(num);
	    if (o instanceof URL) {
		URL file = (URL)o;
		tellLoadingMsg(file, soundLabel);
		try {
		    sounds.put(num, getAudioClip(file));
		} catch (Exception ex) {
		    return file;
		}
	    }
	}
	return null;
    }

    /**
     * Parse the PAUSES parameter.  It looks like
     * 1000|500|||750, etc., where each item corresponds to a
     * source image.  Empty items mean that the corresponding image
     * has no special duration, and should use the global one.
     *
     * @return a Hashtable of Integer pauses keyed to Integer
     * frame numbers.
     */
    Hashtable parseDurations(String attr, Vector images) {
	Hashtable result = new Hashtable();

	int imageNum = 0;
	int numImages = images.size();
	for (int i = 0; i < attr.length(); ) {
	    if (imageNum >= numImages) break;
	    
	    int next = attr.indexOf('|', i);
	    if (next == -1) next = attr.length();

	    if (i != next - 1) {
		int duration = Integer.parseInt(attr.substring(i, next));
		result.put(new Integer(imageNum), new Integer(duration));
	    } else {
		result.put(new Integer(imageNum),
			   new Integer(globalPause));
	    }
	    i = next + 1;
	    imageNum++;
	}

	return result;
    }

    /**
     * Parse a String of form xxx@yyy and return a Point.
     */
    Point parsePoint(String s) throws ParseException {
	int atPos = s.indexOf('@');
	if (atPos == -1) throw new ParseException("Illegal position: "+s);
	return new Point(Integer.parseInt(s.substring(0, atPos)),
			 Integer.parseInt(s.substring(atPos + 1)));
    }


    /**
     * Parse the POSITIONS parameter.  It looks like
     * 10@30|11@31|||12@20, etc., where each item is an X@Y coordinate
     * corresponding to a source image.  Empty items mean that the
     * corresponding image has the same position as the preceding one.
     *
     * @return a Hashtable of Points keyed to Integer frame numbers.
     */
    Hashtable parsePositions(String param, Vector images)
    throws ParseException {
	Hashtable result = new Hashtable();

	int imageNum = 0;
	int numImages = images.size();
	for (int i = 0; i < param.length(); ) {
	    if (imageNum >= numImages) break;
	    
	    int next = param.indexOf('|', i);
	    if (next == -1) next = param.length();

	    if (i != next) {
		result.put(new Integer(imageNum),
			   parsePoint(param.substring(i, next)));
	    }
	    i = next + 1;
	    imageNum++;
	}