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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_411</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_410.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_411</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_412.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 411</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//聽Postcondition:<br />//聽聽聽聽聽Function聽value聽==聽x聽to聽the聽n聽power<br /><br />{<br />聽聽聽聽int聽result;聽聽聽聽聽//聽Holds聽intermediate聽powers聽of聽x<br /><br />聽聽聽聽result聽=聽1;<br />聽聽聽聽while聽(n聽>聽0)<br />聽聽聽聽{<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽result聽=聽result聽*聽x;<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽n--;<br />聽聽聽聽}<br />聽聽聽聽return聽result;<br />}</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Notice the notation that we use in the postcondition of a value-returning function. Because a value-returning function returns a single value, it is most concise if you simply state what that value equals. Except in complicated examples, the postcondition looks like this:</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//聽Postcondition<br />//聽聽聽聽聽Function聽value聽==聽</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Another function that is frequently used in calculating probabilities is the factorial. For example, 5 factorial (written 5! in mathematical notation) is 5 脳 4 脳 3 脳 2 脳 1. Zero factorial is, by definition, equal to 1. This function has one integer parameter. As with the </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">Power</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> function, we use repeated multiplication, but we decrement the multiplier on each iteration.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">int聽Factorial(聽/*聽in聽*/聽int聽x聽)聽聽聽//聽Number聽whose聽factorial聽is<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽聽聽to聽be聽computed<br />//聽This聽function聽computes聽x!<br /><br />//聽Precondition:<br />//聽聽聽聽聽x聽>=聽0聽聽&&聽聽x!聽<=聽INT_MAX<br />//聽Postcondition:<br />//聽聽聽聽聽Function聽value聽==聽x!<br /><br />{<br />聽聽聽聽int聽result;聽聽聽聽聽//聽Holds聽partial聽products<br /><br />聽聽聽聽result聽=聽1;<br />聽聽聽聽while聽(x聽>聽0)<br />聽聽聽聽{<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽result聽=聽result聽*聽x;<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽x--;<br />聽聽聽聽}<br /></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_410.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_411</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_412.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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