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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_773</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_772.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_773</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_774.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 773</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"><img src="e53a6981fbee86ef4b36c863f4929b1b.gif" border="0" alt="0773-01.gif" width="201" height="116" /></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">The reserved word </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">struct</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is an abbreviation for <i>structure,</i> the C++ term for a record. Because the word <i>structure</i> has many other meanings in computer science, we'll use </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">struct</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> or <i>record</i> to avoid any possible confusion about what we are referring to.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">You probably recognize the syntax of a member list as being nearly identical to a series of variable declarations. Be careful: a </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">struct</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> declaration is a type declaration, and we still must declare variables of this type for any memory locations to be associated with the member names. As an example, let's use a </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">struct</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> to describe a student in a class. We want to store the first and last names, the overall grade point average prior to this class, the grade on programming assignments, the grade on quizzes, the final exam grade, and the final course grade.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//聽Type聽declarations<br /><br />enum聽GradeType聽{A,聽B,聽C,聽D,聽F};<br /><br />typedef聽char聽NameString[16];聽聽聽聽//聽Max.聽15聽characters聽plus聽\0<br /><br />struct聽StudentRec<br />{<br />聽聽聽聽NameString聽firstName;<br />聽聽聽聽NameString聽lastName;<br />聽聽聽聽float聽聽聽聽聽聽gpa;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Grade聽point聽average<br />聽聽聽聽int聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽programGrade;聽聽聽聽//聽Assume聽0..400<br />聽聽聽聽int聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽quizGrade;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Assume聽0..300<br />聽聽聽聽int聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽finalExam;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Assume聽0..300<br />聽聽聽聽GradeType聽聽courseGrade;<br />};<br /><br />//聽Variable聽declarations<br /><br />StudentRec聽firstStudent;<br />StudentRec聽student;<br />int聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽index;<br />int聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽grade;</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Notice, both in this example and in the syntax template, that a </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">struct</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> declaration ends with a semicolon. By now, you have learned not to put a semi-</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_772.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_773</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_774.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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