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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_724</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_723.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_724</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_725.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 724</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//聽Postcondition:<br />//聽聽聽聽聽One聽input聽line聽has聽been聽read聽through聽\n<br />//聽聽&&聽stuName聽contains聽at聽most聽10聽of聽the聽input聽characters<br />//聽聽聽聽聽encountered聽before聽\n<br />//聽聽&&聽length聽==聽length聽of聽stuName<br /><br />{<br />聽聽聽聽cin.get(stuName,聽11);聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Read聽at聽most聽10聽characters<br />聽聽聽聽cin.ignore(100,聽\n);<br />聽聽聽聽length聽=聽strlen(stuName);<br />}</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">We can call </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">GetAName</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> using a component of </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">student</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> as follows.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">GetAName(student[2],聽nameLength);</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Row 2 of </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">student</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is passed to </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">GetAName</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">, which treats it like any other one-dimensional array of type </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">String10</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> (see Figure 13-8). It makes sense to pass the row as a parameter because both it and the formal parameter are of the same named type, </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">String10</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Declaring </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">student</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> as a one-dimensional array of strings is clearer than declaring it directly as a two-dimensional array. Whenever possible, we like to treat a string as a single item rather than as an array of individual characters.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="17"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Multidimensional Arrays</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">C++ does not place a limit on the number of dimensions that an array can have. We can generalize our definition of an array to cover all cases.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"><img src="8c6818029816b45b7130c969f2529070.gif" border="0" alt="0724-01.gif" width="337" height="228" /></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">Figure聽13-8<br />A聽One-Dimensional聽Array聽of聽One-Dimensional聽Arrays</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_723.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_724</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_725.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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