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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_1096</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_1095.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_1096</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_1097.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 1096</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Each time this function is called, it returns a random integer in the range 0 through </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">RAND_MAX</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">, a constant defined in </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">stdlib.h</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">. (</font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">RAND_MAX</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is typically the same as </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">INT_MAX</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">.) Because we want our random number to be in the range 1 through 52, we use the conversion formula</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Set sizeOfCut = rand() MOD 52+1</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">or, in C++,</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">sizeOfCut聽=聽rand()聽%聽52聽+聽1;</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Random number generators use an initial <i>seed</i> value from which to start the sequence of random numbers. The C++ library function </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">srand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> lets you specify an initial seed before calling </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">rand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">. The prototype for </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">srand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">void聽srand(聽unsigned聽int聽);</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">If you do not call </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">srand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> before the first call to </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">rand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">, an initial seed of 1 is assumed. As you'll see in the initialization portion of our </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">main</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> function, we input an initial seed value from the user and pass it as a parameter to </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">srand</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table cellspacing="0" border="0" width="480" cellpadding="4"><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">FOR聽count1聽going聽from聽1聽through聽numberOfShuffles<br />聽聽Create聽empty聽list聽halfA<br />聽聽Create聽empty聽list聽halfB<br />聽聽Set聽sizeOfCut聽=聽rand()聽MOD聽52聽+聽1<br />聽聽Move聽sizeOfCut聽cards聽from聽deck聽to聽halfA<br />聽聽Move聽remaining聽52-sizeOfCut聽cards聽from聽deck聽to聽halfB<br />聽聽IF聽sizeOfCut聽<=聽26<br />聽聽聽聽Merge(halfA,聽halfB)<br />聽聽ELSE<br />聽聽聽聽Merge(halfB,聽halfA)</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><br /><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Merge (Inout: shorterList, longerList)</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">The merge algorithm is much simpler than the one developed in Chapter 14 because a component is taken alternately from each list without regard to the contents of the component. Also, we know the exact length of each list.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_1095.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_1096</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_1097.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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