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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_113</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_112.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_113</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_114.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 113</font></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"><tr><td height="12"></td></tr><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" width="528" cellpadding="7"><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Header File</i></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Manipulator</i></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Parameter Type</i></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Effect</i></font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2"><iostream.h></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">endl</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">None</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">Terminates the current output line</font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2"><iomanip.h></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">setw(n)</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">int</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">Sets fieldwidt to n*</font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2"><iomanip.h></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">setprecision(n)</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">int</font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">Sets floating point precision to n digits</font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2">*</font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">setw</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"> is only for numbers and strings, not </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">char</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"> data. Also, </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">setw</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"> applies only to the very next output item, after which the fieldwidth is reset to 0 (meaning use only as many columns as are needed).</font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><br /><table cellspacing="0" border="0" width="528" cellpadding="4"><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"><i>M</i></font><i><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="1">ATTERS OF STYLE</font></i></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Program Formatting</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">As far as the compiler is concerned, C++ statements are <i>free format:</i> They can appear anywhere on a line, more than one can appear on a single line, and one statement can span several lines. The compiler only needs blanks (or comments or new lines) to separate important symbols, and it needs semicolons to terminate statements. However, it is extremely important that your programs be readable, both for your sake and for the sake of anyone else who has to use them.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">When you write an outline for an English paper, you follow certain rules of indentation to make it readable. These same kinds of rules can make your programs easier to read.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Take a look at the following program for computing the cost per square foot of a house. Although it compiles and runs correctly, it does not conform to any formatting standards.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//聽HouseCost聽program<br />//聽This聽program聽computes聽the聽cost聽per聽square聽foot聽of<br />聽聽聽//聽living聽space聽for聽a聽house,聽given聽the聽dimensions聽of<br />//聽the聽house,聽the聽number聽of聽stories,聽the聽size聽of聽the<br />//聽nonliving聽space,聽and聽the聽total聽cost聽less聽land<br />#include聽<iostream.h><br />#include聽<iomanip.h>//聽For聽setw()聽and聽setprecision()<br />const聽float聽WIDTH聽=聽30.0;聽//聽Width聽of聽the聽house<br />聽聽聽聽const聽float聽LENGTH聽=聽40.0;聽//聽Length聽of聽the聽house<br />const聽float聽STORIES聽=聽2.5;聽//聽Number聽of聽full聽stories<br />const聽float聽NON_LIVING_SPACE聽=聽825.0;//聽Garage,聽closets,聽etc.<br /></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><br /></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_112.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_113</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_114.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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