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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_403</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_402.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_403</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_404.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 403</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">//******************************************************************<br />#include聽<iostream.h><br /><br />void聽CountChars();<br /><br />int聽聽count;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Supposed聽to聽count聽input聽lines,聽but聽does聽it?<br />char聽ch;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Holds聽one聽input聽character<br /><br />int聽main()<br />{<br />聽聽聽聽count聽=聽0;<br />聽聽聽聽while聽(cin)<br />聽聽聽聽{<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽count++;<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽CountChars();<br />聽聽聽聽}<br />聽聽聽聽cout聽<聽count聽<聽聽lines聽of聽input聽processed.聽<聽endl;<br />聽聽聽聽return聽0;<br />}<br /><br />//******************************************************************<br /><br />void聽CountChars()<br /><br />//聽Counts聽the聽number聽of聽characters聽on聽one聽input聽line<br />//聽and聽prints聽the聽count<br /><br />{<br />聽聽聽聽count聽=聽0;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Side聽effect<br />聽聽聽聽cin.get(ch);<br />聽聽聽聽while聽(ch聽!=聽\n)<br />聽聽聽聽{<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽count++;聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽//聽Side聽effect<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽cin.get(ch);<br />聽聽聽聽}<br />聽聽聽聽cout聽<聽count聽<聽聽characters聽on聽this聽line.聽<聽endl;<br />}</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">The Trouble program is supposed to count and print the number of characters on each line of input. After the last line has been processed, it should print the number of lines. Strangely enough, each time the program is run, it reports that the number of lines of input is the same as the number of characters in the last line of input. This is because function </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">CountChars</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> accesses the global variable </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">count</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> and uses it to store the number of characters on each line of input.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">There is no reason for </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">count</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> to be a global variable. If a local variable </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">count</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is declared in </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">main</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> and another local variable </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">count</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> is declared in </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">CountChars</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">, the program works correctly. There is no conflict between the</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_402.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_403</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_404.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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