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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_448</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_447.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_448</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_449.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 448</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">聽聽聽聽fuelWt聽=聽float聽(fuel)聽*聽LBS_PER_GAL;<br />聽聽聽聽if聽(fuel聽聽60)<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽fuelDistance聽=聽float(fuel)聽*聽314.6;<br />聽聽聽聽else聽if聽(fuel聽<<聽361)<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽fuelDistance聽=聽305.8聽+聽(-0.01233聽*聽float(fuel聽-聽60));<br />聽聽聽聽else聽if聽(fuel聽<<聽521)<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽fuelDistance聽=聽303.0聽+聽(聽0.12500聽*聽float(fuel聽-聽361));<br />聽聽聽聽else<br />聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽fuelDistance聽=聽323.0聽+聽(-0.04444聽*聽float(fuel聽-聽521));<br />聽聽聽聽return聽fuelDistance聽*聽fuelWt;<br />}</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Stubs and drivers are important tools in team programming. The programmers develop the overall design and the interfaces between the modules. Each programmer then designs and codes one or more of the modules and uses drivers and stubs to test the code. When all of the modules have been coded and tested, they are assembled into what should be a working program.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">For team programming to succeed, it is essential that all of the module interfaces be defined explicitly and that the coded modules adhere strictly to the specifications for those interfaces. Obviously, global variable references must be carefully avoided in a team-programming situation because it is impossible for each person to know how the rest of the team is using every variable.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"><i>Testing and Debugging Hints</i></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">1. Make sure that variables used as actual parameters to a function are declared in the block where the function call is made.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">2. Carefully define the precondition, postcondition, and parameter list to eliminate side effects. Variables used only in a function should be declared as local variables. <i>Do not</i> use global variables in your programs. (<i>Exception:</i> It is acceptable to reference the global variables </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">cin</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> and </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">cout</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">.)</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">3. If the compiler displays a message such as UNDECLARED IDENTIFIER, check that identifiers aren't misspelled (and that they are, in fact, declared), that identifiers are declared before they are referenced, and that the scope of the identifier includes the reference to it.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">4. If you intend to use a local name that is the same as a nonlocal name, a misspelling in the local declaration will wreak havoc. The C++ compiler won't complain, but will cause every reference to the local name to go to the nonlocal name instead.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">5. Remember that the same identifier cannot be used in both the formal parameter list and the outermost local declarations of a function.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_447.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_448</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_449.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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