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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>page_106</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <table summary="top nav" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_105.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_106</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_107.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="3" style="background: #ffffff; padding: 20px;"> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"></td> <td align="right"></td> </tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><p></p><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="right"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2" color="#FF0000">Page 106</font></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">Without spacing between the numbers, this output is difficult to interpret. Let's examine how we can control both the horizontal and vertical spacing of our output to make it more appealing (and understandable). We look first at vertical spacing.</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"><i>Creating Blank Lines</i></font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">You already have seen how to control vertical spacing by using the </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">endl</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> manipulator in an output statement. A sequence of output statements continues to write characters across the current line until an </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">endl</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> terminates the line. Here are some examples:</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"><tr><td height="12"></td></tr><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" width="536" cellpadding="7"><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Statements</i></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"><i>Output produced</i></font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">cout << "Hi there, ";<br />cout << "Lois Lane. " << endl;<br />cout << "Have you seen ";<br />cout << "Clark Kent?" << endl;</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">Hi there, Lois Lane.<br />Have you seen Clark Kent?</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">cout << "Hi there, " << endl;<br />cout << "Lois Lane. " << endl;<br />cout << "Have you seen " << endl;<br />cout << "Clark Kent?" << endl;</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">Hi there,<br />Lois Lane.<br />Have you seen<br />Clark Kent?</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">cout << "Hi there, " << endl;<br />cout << "Lois Lane. ";<br />cout << "Have you seen " << endl;<br />cout << "Clark Kent?" << endl;</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td><td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">Hi there,<br />Lois Lane. Have you seen<br />Clark Kent?</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="2"></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><br /><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">What do you think the following statements print out?</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="2">cout聽<<聽"Hi聽there,聽"聽<<聽endl;<br />cout聽<<聽endl;<br />cout聽<<聽"Lois聽Lane."聽<<聽endl;</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td rowspan="5"></td> <td colspan="3" height="12"></td> <td rowspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td></td> <td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3">The first output statement causes the words <i>Hi there,</i> to be printed; the </font><font face="Courier New, Courier, Mono New, Courier, Mono" size="3">endl</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, Serif" size="3"> causes the screen cursor to go to the next line. The next statement prints nothing but goes on to the next line. The third statement prints the words <i>Lois Lane.</i> and terminates the line. The resulting output is the three lines</font></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" height="1"></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><font size="0"></font></p>聽 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_105.html">< previous page</a></td> <td align="center" width="40%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><strong style="color: #2F4F4F; font-size: 120%;">page_106</strong></td> <td align="right" width="30%" style="background: #EEF3E2"><a style="color: blue; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-family: verdana;" href="page_107.html">next page ></a></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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