glm.c

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/*    
 *  GLM library.  Wavefront .obj file format reader/writer/manipulator.
 *
 *  Written by Nate Robins, 1997.
 *  email: [e-mail]
 *  www: http://www.pobox.com/~ndr
 */

/* includes */
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "glm.h"

/* Some <math.h> files do not define M_PI... */
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
#endif

/* defines */
#define T(x) model->triangles[(x)]


/* enums */
enum { X, Y, Z, W };			/* elements of a vertex */


/* typedefs */

/* _GLMnode: general purpose node
 */
typedef struct _GLMnode {
  GLuint           index;
  GLboolean        averaged;
  struct _GLMnode* next;
} GLMnode;

/* strdup is actually not a standard ANSI C or POSIX routine
   so implement a private one.  OpenVMS does not have a strdup; Linux's
   standard libc doesn't declare strdup by default (unless BSD or SVID
   interfaces are requested). */
static char *
stralloc(const char *string)
{
  char *copy;

  copy = malloc(strlen(string) + 1);
  if (copy == NULL)
    return NULL;
  strcpy(copy, string);
  return copy;
}

/* private functions */

/* _glmMax: returns the maximum of two floats */
static GLfloat
_glmMax(GLfloat a, GLfloat b) 
{
  if (a > b)
    return a;
  return b;
}

/* _glmAbs: returns the absolute value of a float */
static GLfloat
_glmAbs(GLfloat f)
{
  if (f < 0)
    return -f;
  return f;
}

/* _glmDot: compute the dot product of two vectors
 *
 * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3])
 * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3])
 */
static GLfloat
_glmDot(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v)
{
  assert(u);
  assert(v);

  /* compute the dot product */
  return u[X] * v[X] + u[Y] * v[Y] + u[Z] * v[Z];
}

/* _glmCross: compute the cross product of two vectors
 *
 * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3])
 * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3])
 * n - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat n[3]) to return the cross product in
 */
static GLvoid
_glmCross(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v, GLfloat* n)
{
  assert(u);
  assert(v);
  assert(n);

  /* compute the cross product (u x v for right-handed [ccw]) */
  n[X] = u[Y] * v[Z] - u[Z] * v[Y];
  n[Y] = u[Z] * v[X] - u[X] * v[Z];
  n[Z] = u[X] * v[Y] - u[Y] * v[X];
}

/* _glmNormalize: normalize a vector
 *
 * n - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat n[3]) to be normalized
 */
static GLvoid
_glmNormalize(GLfloat* n)
{
  GLfloat l;

  assert(n);

  /* normalize */
  l = (GLfloat)sqrt(n[X] * n[X] + n[Y] * n[Y] + n[Z] * n[Z]);
  n[0] /= l;
  n[1] /= l;
  n[2] /= l;
}

/* _glmEqual: compares two vectors and returns GL_TRUE if they are
 * equal (within a certain threshold) or GL_FALSE if not. An epsilon
 * that works fairly well is 0.000001.
 *
 * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3])
 * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3]) 
 */
static GLboolean
_glmEqual(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v, GLfloat epsilon)
{
  if (_glmAbs(u[0] - v[0]) < epsilon &&
      _glmAbs(u[1] - v[1]) < epsilon &&
      _glmAbs(u[2] - v[2]) < epsilon) 
  {
    return GL_TRUE;
  }
  return GL_FALSE;
}

/* _glmWeldVectors: eliminate (weld) vectors that are within an
 * epsilon of each other.
 *
 * vectors    - array of GLfloat[3]'s to be welded
 * numvectors - number of GLfloat[3]'s in vectors
 * epsilon    - maximum difference between vectors 
 *
 */
GLfloat*
_glmWeldVectors(GLfloat* vectors, GLuint* numvectors, GLfloat epsilon)
{
  GLfloat* copies;
  GLuint   copied;
  GLuint   i, j;

  copies = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (*numvectors + 1));
  memcpy(copies, vectors, (sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (*numvectors + 1)));

  copied = 1;
  for (i = 1; i <= *numvectors; i++) {
    for (j = 1; j <= copied; j++) {
      if (_glmEqual(&vectors[3 * i], &copies[3 * j], epsilon)) {
	goto duplicate;
      }
    }

    /* must not be any duplicates -- add to the copies array */
    copies[3 * copied + 0] = vectors[3 * i + 0];
    copies[3 * copied + 1] = vectors[3 * i + 1];
    copies[3 * copied + 2] = vectors[3 * i + 2];
    j = copied;				/* pass this along for below */
    copied++;

  duplicate:
    /* set the first component of this vector to point at the correct
       index into the new copies array */
    vectors[3 * i + 0] = (GLfloat)j;
  }

  *numvectors = copied-1;
  return copies;
}

/* _glmFindGroup: Find a group in the model
 */
GLMgroup*
_glmFindGroup(GLMmodel* model, char* name)
{
  GLMgroup* group;

  assert(model);

  group = model->groups;
  while(group) {
    if (!strcmp(name, group->name))
      break;
    group = group->next;
  }

  return group;
}

/* _glmAddGroup: Add a group to the model
 */
GLMgroup*
_glmAddGroup(GLMmodel* model, char* name)
{
  GLMgroup* group;

  group = _glmFindGroup(model, name);
  if (!group) {
    group = (GLMgroup*)malloc(sizeof(GLMgroup));
    group->name = stralloc(name);
    group->material = 0;
    group->numtriangles = 0;
    group->triangles = NULL;
    group->next = model->groups;
    model->groups = group;
    model->numgroups++;
  }

  return group;
}

/* _glmFindGroup: Find a material in the model
 */
GLuint
_glmFindMaterial(GLMmodel* model, char* name)
{
  GLuint i;

  for (i = 0; i < model->nummaterials; i++) {
    if (!strcmp(model->materials[i].name, name))
      goto found;
  }

  /* didn't find the name, so set it as the default material */
  printf("_glmFindMaterial():  can't find material \"%s\".\n", name);
  i = 0;

found:
  return i;
}


/* _glmDirName: return the directory given a path
 *
 * path - filesystem path
 *
 * The return value should be free'd.
 */
static char*
_glmDirName(char* path)
{
  char* dir;
  char* s;

  dir = stralloc(path);

  s = strrchr(dir, '/');
  if (s)
    s[1] = '\0';
  else
    dir[0] = '\0';

  return dir;
}


/* _glmReadMTL: read a wavefront material library file
 *
 * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure
 * name  - name of the material library
 */
static GLvoid
_glmReadMTL(GLMmodel* model, char* name)
{
  FILE* file;
  char* dir;
  char* filename;
  char  buf[128];
  GLuint nummaterials, i;

  dir = _glmDirName(model->pathname);
  filename = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(dir) + strlen(name) + 1));
  strcpy(filename, dir);
  strcat(filename, name);
  free(dir);

  /* open the file */
  file = fopen(filename, "r");
  if (!file) {
    fprintf(stderr, "_glmReadMTL() failed: can't open material file \"%s\".\n",
	    filename);
    exit(1);
  }
  free(filename);

  /* count the number of materials in the file */
  nummaterials = 1;
  while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) {
    switch(buf[0]) {
    case '#':				/* comment */
      /* eat up rest of line */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      break;
    case 'n':				/* newmtl */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      nummaterials++;
      sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf);
      break;
    default:
      /* eat up rest of line */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      break;
    }
  }

  rewind(file);

  /* allocate memory for the materials */
  model->materials = (GLMmaterial*)malloc(sizeof(GLMmaterial) * nummaterials);
  model->nummaterials = nummaterials;

  /* set the default material */
  for (i = 0; i < nummaterials; i++) {
    model->materials[i].name = NULL;
    model->materials[i].shininess = 0;
    model->materials[i].diffuse[0] = 0.8;
    model->materials[i].diffuse[1] = 0.8;
    model->materials[i].diffuse[2] = 0.8;
    model->materials[i].diffuse[3] = 1.0;
    model->materials[i].ambient[0] = 0.2;
    model->materials[i].ambient[1] = 0.2;
    model->materials[i].ambient[2] = 0.2;
    model->materials[i].ambient[3] = 1.0;
    model->materials[i].specular[0] = 0.0;
    model->materials[i].specular[1] = 0.0;
    model->materials[i].specular[2] = 0.0;
    model->materials[i].specular[3] = 1.0;
  }
  model->materials[0].name = stralloc("default");

  /* now, read in the data */
  nummaterials = 0;
  while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) {
    switch(buf[0]) {
    case '#':				/* comment */
      /* eat up rest of line */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      break;
    case 'n':				/* newmtl */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf);
      nummaterials++;
      model->materials[nummaterials].name = stralloc(buf);
      break;
    case 'N':
      fscanf(file, "%f", &model->materials[nummaterials].shininess);
      /* wavefront shininess is from [0, 1000], so scale for OpenGL */
      model->materials[nummaterials].shininess /= 1000.0;
      model->materials[nummaterials].shininess *= 128.0;
      break;
    case 'K':
      switch(buf[1]) {
      case 'd':
	fscanf(file, "%f %f %f",
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[0],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[1],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[2]);
	break;
      case 's':
	fscanf(file, "%f %f %f",
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[0],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[1],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[2]);
	break;
      case 'a':
	fscanf(file, "%f %f %f",
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[0],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[1],
	       &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[2]);
	break;
      default:
	/* eat up rest of line */
	fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
	break;
      }
      break;
    default:
      /* eat up rest of line */
      fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file);
      break;
    }
  }
}

/* _glmWriteMTL: write a wavefront material library file
 *
 * model      - properly initialized GLMmodel structure
 * modelpath  - pathname of the model being written
 * mtllibname - name of the material library to be written
 */
static GLvoid
_glmWriteMTL(GLMmodel* model, char* modelpath, char* mtllibname)
{
  FILE* file;
  char* dir;
  char* filename;
  GLMmaterial* material;
  GLuint i;

  dir = _glmDirName(modelpath);
  filename = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(dir) + strlen(mtllibname)));
  strcpy(filename, dir);
  strcat(filename, mtllibname);
  free(dir);

  /* open the file */
  file = fopen(filename, "w");
  if (!file) {
    fprintf(stderr, "_glmWriteMTL() failed: can't open file \"%s\".\n",
	    filename);
    exit(1);
  }
  free(filename);

  /* spit out a header */
  fprintf(file, "#  \n");
  fprintf(file, "#  Wavefront MTL generated by GLM library\n");
  fprintf(file, "#  \n");
  fprintf(file, "#  GLM library copyright (C) 1997 by Nate Robins\n");
  fprintf(file, "#  email: [e-mail]\n");
  fprintf(file, "#  www:   http://www.pobox.com/~ndr\n");
  fprintf(file, "#  \n\n");

  for (i = 0; i < model->nummaterials; i++) {
    material = &model->materials[i];
    fprintf(file, "newmtl %s\n", material->name);
    fprintf(file, "Ka %f %f %f\n", 
	    material->ambient[0], material->ambient[1], material->ambient[2]);
    fprintf(file, "Kd %f %f %f\n", 
	    material->diffuse[0], material->diffuse[1], material->diffuse[2]);
    fprintf(file, "Ks %f %f %f\n", 
	    material->specular[0],material->specular[1],material->specular[2]);
    fprintf(file, "Ns %f\n", material->shininess);
    fprintf(file, "\n");
  }
}


/* _glmFirstPass: first pass at a Wavefront OBJ file that gets all the
 * statistics of the model (such as #vertices, #normals, etc)
 *
 * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure
 * file  - (fopen'd) file descriptor 
 */
static GLvoid
_glmFirstPass(GLMmodel* model, FILE* file) 
{
  GLuint    numvertices;		/* number of vertices in model */
  GLuint    numnormals;			/* number of normals in model */
  GLuint    numtexcoords;		/* number of texcoords in model */
  GLuint    numtriangles;		/* number of triangles in model */
  GLMgroup* group;			/* current group */
  unsigned  v, n, t;