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<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3057 HREF="node92.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node92.html"> Exercises</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3055 HREF="node82.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node82.html">7 High Performance Fortran</A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3049 HREF="node90.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node90.html">7.8 Case Study: Gaussian Elimination</A>
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<H1><A NAME=SECTION03490000000000000000>7.9 Summary</A></H1>
<P>
In this chapter, we have presented fundamental concepts of
data-parallel programming and illustrated the application of these
concepts in the programming languages Fortran 90 and High Performance
Fortran.  The eight HPF constructs described in this chapter are
summarized in Table <A HREF="node91.html#tabhpfsum" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node91.html#tabhpfsum">7.2</A>.  These are in addition to the
F90 array language described in Section <A HREF="node84.html#secf90" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node84.html#secf90">7.2</A>.
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<P><A NAME=11780>&#160;</A><IMG BORDER=0 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="img1003.gif" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/img1003.gif">
<BR><STRONG>Table 7.2:</STRONG>  HPF quick reference: the HPF functions described in this
chapter, the section in which each is described, and the programs that
illustrate the use of each.
<A NAME=tabhpfsum>&#160;</A><BR>
<P>
<P>
F90's array language and HPF's data distribution directives and
related constructs provide a powerful notation for data-parallel
computations in science and engineering.  Their chief features are as
follows:
<P>
<OL><LI>
An array language comprising array assignments, array intrinsics, and
(in HPF) <tt> FORALL</tt> and <tt> INDEPENDENT</tt> constructs is used to
reveal the fine-grained concurrency inherent in data-parallel
operations on arrays.
<P>
<LI>
Data distribution directives are introduced to provide the programmer
with control over partitioning, agglomeration, and mapping (and hence
locality).
<P>
<LI>
An HPF compiler translates this high-level specification into an
executable program by generating the communication code implied by a
particular set of data-parallel operations and data distribution
directives.
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</OL>
<P>
<A NAME=11659>&#160;</A>
The most attractive feature of the data-parallel approach as
exemplified in HPF is that the compiler takes on the job of generating
communication code.  This has two advantages.  First, it allows the
programmer to focus on the tasks of identifying opportunities for
concurrent execution and determining efficient partition,
agglomeration, and mapping strategies.  Second, it simplifies the task
of exploring alternative parallel algorithms; in principle, only data
distribution directives need be changed.
<P>
A problematic feature of HPF is the limited range of parallel
algorithms that can be expressed in HPF <em> and
 </em> compiled
efficiently for large parallel computers.  However, the range of
problems for which HPF is an appropriate tool can be expected to grow
as compiler technology improves.
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<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3057 HREF="node92.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node92.html"> Exercises</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3055 HREF="node82.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node82.html">7 High Performance Fortran</A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html3049 HREF="node90.html" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/node90.html">7.8 Case Study: Gaussian Elimination</A>
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<I>&#169 Copyright 1995 by <A href="msgs0.htm#6" tppabs="http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/books/system/par_anl/tppmsgs/msgs0.htm#6">Ian Foster</a></I>
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