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<META NAME="Author" Content="Steph Mineart">
<TITLE>Managing Multivendor Networks -- Ch 5 -- Sun Microsystems</TITLE>
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<FONT COLOR="#000077">Managing Multivendor Networks</FONT></H1>
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<H1><FONT COLOR="#000077">- 5 -<BR>
Sun Microsystems</FONT></H1>
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<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading1">Company Background</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading2">Product Line Overview</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading3">Strategy for Connectivity</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading4">Application/User Relationship</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading5">Terminal Attachment Philosophy</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading6">Peer-to-Peer Relationships</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading7">PC Integration Strategy</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading8">Office Automation</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading9">Network Architecture</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading10">High-Speed Networking</A>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading11">Java Internet Programming Language</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#Heading12">UltraSPARC Technology</A>
</UL>
<P>
<HR SIZE="4">
</P>
<H2><A NAME="Heading1"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Company Background</FONT></H2>
<P>un Microsystems incorporated in 1982 with Scott McNealy at the helm. Under McNealy's
leadership, Sun (the company's name was derived from the Stanford University Network
terminal) has become one of America's fastest growing and most efficient companies.
McNealy is active in the open systems movement, and Sun was one of the early pioneers
in this area. Today, Sun focuses on providing open solutions for enterprise-wide
networks and developing Internet technology for the expanding needs of online users.
During the first year of operation, Sun Microsystems sold approximately 400 workstations.
It went on to experience phenomenal growth. Its revenue for the year 1989, only seven
years after inception, approached $2 billion and by 1995 its revenues had reached
nearly $6 billion.</P>
<P>Sun Microsystems has entrenched itself in the high- performance workstation and
server market. In addition to providing high-speed computing units, however, Sun
has staked its claim in the area of open systems computing. To this end, Sun uses
UNIX as the basis for its Solaris operating systems, it uses TCP/IP over Ethernet
for networking, and it uses the industry-standard VME bus. Solaris comprises nearly
one-third of all UNIX systems sold worldwide. Similarly, Sun comprises 40 percent
of the UNIX RISC workstation market. Sun's strategic relationships with other manufacturers
and vendors has certainly been instrumental in its success to date. Sun has granted
commercial licenses on its Network File System (NFS) to a wide range of manufacturers,
including the apparent competitors (such as DEC, HP, and IBM). By making NFS available
to the industry as a whole, Sun has leveraged NFS as a de facto multivendor networking
standard.</P>
<P>In the late 1980s, Sun took a dramatic step by allowing other manufacturers to
produce clones of the Sun system hardware. On one hand, this is yet another example
of Sun's efforts to transform its products into industrywide standards. On the other
hand, many industry analysts regarded this move as an attempt to rekindle the explosive
growth that occurred when the IBM clones were released.
<H2><A NAME="Heading2"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Product Line Overview</FONT></H2>
<P>Sun is a focused manufacturer. Sun doesn't do terminals; it doesn't do printers;
it just does workstations. Sun is, however, the largest provider of UNIX workstations,
servers, and software. Recently, Sun released a platform-independent programming
language called Java, which provides a unique solution to programming for complex
networks, including the Internet.</P>
<P>In the past, Sun produced workstations based on Intel and Motorola architectures.
The most modern Sun systems use a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture
that Sun has termed SPARC (scalable processor architecture). Originally introduced
as the Sun-4 line, SPARC systems have been scaled into a high-end group of uniprocessor
and multiprocessor workstations (SPARCstations), a group of network file servers
(SPARCservers), and the Netra Internet Server. The servers range from the single
processor, 110-MHz SPARCserver 4 and 5, to the 20-processor SPARCcenter 2000E. The
Netra Internet Server provides a complete Internet server solution; the Netra System
Management Server is used for PCs on TCP/IP networks.</P>
<P>The latest evolution in the SPARC line, the UltraSPARC, puts Sun firmly in the
lead of the workstation market by bringing supercomputer technology down to the workstation
level. A switch-based interconnect typically found only in supercomputers, the UltraSPARC
is based on Sun's Ultra Port Architecture (UPA), which permits multiple, simultaneous
transfers between the processor, memory, graphics and I/O. The older, bus-based architecture
common to most workstations is limited to a single data transfer at a time.</P>
<P>All Sun systems can support large amounts of memory (up to 512M per processor
in some models) and a sizable amount of disk storage (up to 147G on the high end).
The graphics resolutions on the workstations range from a low of 1024 x 768 pixels
to a high of 1600 x 1280 pixels. The UltraSPARC's visual instruction set provides
the technology for high-end graphics, including 3-D visualization, animation, and
video processing.</P>
<P>Sun sponsors third-party programs to encourage independent companies to develop
and market applications for the Solaris operating system. In 1990, Lotus Development
Corporation committed to deliver its famous Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet to the SunOS
platform, and became the first of many third-party companies to write software to
run on the SunOS, and later, the Solaris operating system. This was a coup for Sun
because it was the first UNIX-oriented Solaris operating system (and because it was
the first UNIX-oriented system Lotus agreed to port to). Although in retrospect this
never resulted in the much hoped-for flood of PC applications being ported to UNIX,
Lotus 1-2-3 operating on the Sun platform was a significant achievement in itself.
Sun now offers versions of Solaris for several platforms other than SPARC, including
Intel.</P>
<P>The latest version of the Sun's network operating system, Solaris 2.5, offers
fully scalable NFS, NFS over TCP, and IPX/SPX connectivity. This support makes it
possible for Solaris to integrate enterprise workgroups. Solaris for SPARC and UltraSPARC
computers is highly scalable and secure, it is scalable up to the superserver level,
and can handle databases at the terabyte level. Version 2.5 has been optimized to
take advantage of the Ultra line of workstations and servers, and facilitates faster
visual computing. Solaris uses the Common Desktop Environment (CDE), a product designed
to give a common interface to all UNIX environments.</P>
<P>Sun offers a suite of infrastructure software along with Solaris, including:
<UL>
<LI><I>Solstice.</I> Software for systems and network management.<BR>
<BR>
<LI><I>WorkShop.</I> A set of visual tools for developing technical and business
applications.<BR>
<BR>
<LI><I>SunSoft NEO.</I> Software for building applications based on networked objects.<BR>
<BR>
<LI><I>Java.</I> A network-enabled programming language.
</UL>
<P>Solaris is scalable and secure. It is ideal for use with an Internet server, application
server, PC administration server, or high-performance workstation. Solaris is also
available for Intel x86, Pentium, Pentium Pro, and PowerPC computers.
<H2><A NAME="Heading3"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Strategy for Connectivity</FONT></H2>
<P>Sun Microsystems refers to its approach to networking as the Open Network Computing
(ONC) architecture. In implementing this architecture, Sun has recruited other computer
manufacturers and related companies into the fold. Many of these companies have,
in fact, bought into the Sun architecture--some completely, others restraining their
commitment to a particular service or set of services.</P>
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